Abstract：
:Adaptive immunity is a complex system that appeared twice in vertebrates (in gnathostomes and in jawless fish) although it is not required for invertebrate defence. The adaptive immune system is tightly associated with self-non-self discrimination, and it is now clear that this interplay is not limited to the prevention of autoreactivity. Micro-organisms are usually considered for their pathogenicity or symbiotic ability, but, for most small metazoans, they mainly constitute food. Vertebrates are characterized by feeding by predation on larger preys, when compared to their ancestors who were filter feeders and ate micro-organisms. Predation gives a strong selective advantage, not only due to the availability of new food resources but also by the ability to eliminate competitors for environmental resources (intraguild predation (IGP)). Unlike size-structured IGP, intraspecific predation of juveniles, zygotes or gametes can be detrimental for species fitness in some circumstances. The ability of individuals to recognize highly polymorphic molecules on the surface of gametes present in the plankton and so distinguish self versus non-self gametes might have constituted a strong selective advantage in intraspecific competition. Here, I propose the theory that the capacity to rearrange receptors has been selected in ancestral vertebrates as a consequence of this strong need for discriminating between hetero-cannibalism versus filial cannibalism. This evolutionary origin sheds light on presently unexplained features of the immune system, including the existence of regulatory T cells and of non-pathogenic natural autoimmunity.
journal_name
Scand J Immunoljournal_title
Scandinavian journal of immunologyauthors
Corcos Ddoi
10.1111/sji.12348subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-01 00:00:00pages
409-17issue
5eissn
0300-9475issn
1365-3083journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Analysis of seven variable-diversity-joining (VDJ) gene rearrangements in B splenocytes from a 125-day-old bovine foetus revealed an extensive heavy-chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3H) length variation (9-56 codons). Indeed, the global CDR3H size spectratyping of foetal VDJ rearrangements substantiated ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01028.x
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently established chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (CR-EAE) in SJL mice with a modified protocol. In this model, splenectomy aborts the relapsing-remitting course of the disease, and adoptive transfer of lymphocytes of the local draining lymph nodes (LNs) to naive recipients exace...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01132.x
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The demonstration in the 1960s that T cells collaborated with B cells in enabling antibody responses to simple protein antigens opened up the challenge of how to investigate the interactions of two rare antigen-specific lymphocytes within a vast population. One idea was that T cells made soluble factors that could act...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.2005.01604.x
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A twofold increase in lymphocyte adherence to rat microvascular endothelial cells (EC) was achieved by incubating EC for 4 h with IL-1 alpha or dibutyryl-cAMP (stimulators of protein kinase A, PKA) and PMA (stimulator of protein kinase C, PKC). Monoclonal antibodies anti-CD11a, anti-CD18 (LFA-1) and anti-CD49d (VLA-4 ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1993.tb02555.x
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification of a herd of goats with tuberculosis let us test a new treatment regimen against latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Using large animal experimental models allows a better approach to understanding human tuberculosis according to immunopathological parameters. Based on an initial study showing a c...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02251.x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The CD4 molecule is an important cell surface molecule expressed on many cell types including T-helper cells. CD4 can be shed from cells, and the truncated soluble form of CD4 (sCD4) has been found elevated in serum in several diseases. In this study the authors show that migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PM...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-264.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Supernatants harvested from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) incubated either with the non-specific mitogen phytohaemagglutinin-P (PHA) or with the specific antigen tuberculin purified protein derivative for 72 h decreased collagen synthesis by dermal fibroblasts. PHA-induced mononuclear cell factors (PHA-MCF...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00835.x
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic recurrent gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) and IBD unclassified. The pathogenesis may be related to the mucosal immune dysfunction in genetically susceptible hosts affected by environmental factors. ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/sji.12897
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in the important cellular metabolic alterations that occur during the activation of immune cells to enable them to adapt to the extracellular environment. Here, we review recent studies on how substrate availability and metabolites mediate the signalling pathways that regu...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/sji.12713
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The survival of T cells derived from the early waves of thymus colonization by haemopoietic cell precursors was investigated by grafting thymus from B6.Thy1.1 day 14 embryos (E14) (first wave) or E17 or newborn thymus (subsequent waves) into allogeneic athymic BALB/c (Thy1.2) nude recipients. The survival of donor-der...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-424.x
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The functional T-cell repertoire in the inflamed joint of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis was analysed at the clonal level. Using limiting dilution techniques and selecting for growth of in vivo activated and/or autoreactive T cells, 149 T-cell lines were established. They were tested in a proliferation assay for ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-105.x
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sixteen plasma proteins were studied in the supernatants from 20 successive washings of human leucocytes by a new sensitive immunoelectrophoretic method. In the first few supernatants a fast and parallel decrease in concentration of all proteins took place, but for 11 proteins this was followed by a phase of slow decr...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1982.tb00664.x
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Granulomatous lymphomatosis is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven B cell proliferation associated with an exuberant CD4(+) T cell reaction with usually histopathological pictures of angiocentrism. So far, the characteristics of CD4(+) T cells in granulomatous lymphomatosis and the mechanism leading to their expansion ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sji.12370
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine whether the unresponsiveness of MHC class I-negative subclones of the EL4 thymoma to CD3 cross-linking can be restored by transfection of class I genes into the H-2-negative cells. Cell activation experiments with selected MHC class I-negative subclones and H-2b- and H-2Ld-positive...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02888.x
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Kva IgG2(k) myeloma protein showed a complete resistance to papain in the presence of cysteine at neutral pH, and a higher resistance to trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin digestion than other IgG2 proteins. On the other hand, the Kva molecule was cleaved by pepsin at low pH to give the expected F(ab')2 fragment. When...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02235.x
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymorphonuclear cell function tests were performed in 340 patients with recurrent unexplained infections. Serum-dependent defects in phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Candida albicans (Candida opsonin and procidin defects) were specifically associated with susceptibility to recurrent pyogenic infections, Can...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb02495.x
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RNA silencing is an efficient biochemical tool for gene knock downs as well as physiological phenomenon playing a major role in diverse biological processes. Recent knowledge suggests that the same protein families which mediate the experimental RNA interference (RNAi) in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster cells al...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02362.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycobacteria preferentially reside in resident macrophages whereas activated macrophages are presumed to eliminate the bacteria effectively. The aim of the present study was to determine the antibacterial activities of resident and activated murine peritoneal macrophages against Mycobacterium fortuitum and the intrace...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03449.x
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The homogenates of amyloid-laden spleens prepared from CBA mice were analysed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting employing rat anti-murine monoclonal antibody, MSA 4-26. The results showed that the precursor of amyloid A protein (AA), serum amyloid A protein 2 (SAA2), and SAA intermediates with molecular weights of 10,000...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02307.x
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The production of antibody by human colostral cells was assayed by the hemolysis in-gel technique. When sheep erythrocytes coated with O antigens from frequently encountered Escherichia coli bacteria were used as detector cells and anti-IgA serum was added for development, numerous plaque-forming cells (PFC) were demo...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1975.tb02659.x
更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several enveloped viruses, particularly some RNA viruses, have high rates of mutation or replication, which can make them virulent pathogens in humans and other mammals. A proposed treatment could use synthesized proteins to mask pathogenic viral surface proteins to quickly induce an immune attack on specific envelope...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sji.12928
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammatory DCM (iDCM) may be related to autoimmune processes. An immunoadsorption (IA) has been reported to improve cardiac hemodynamics. The benefit of IA is probably related to the removal of autoantibodies. A recent study suggests additional effects of IA on the T cell-mediated immune reactions, especially on reg...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sji.12000
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays an important role in inflammatory disease development and progression. Whether it has an anti-inflammatory role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury remains unclear. To investigate the functional role of HO-1 in protecting liver tissue against inflammatory response stimulated ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sji.12352
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) are specific antigen-presenting cells that play critical roles in the initiation and polarization of immune responses. DCs residing in the lungs might be detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). We analysed DC compartment in the peripheral blood and BALF of patients with allergy and i...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02649.x
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antigen-specific lymphocyte hybridomas have been produced by a simple in vitro immunization procedure. Non-immune spleen cells have been activated in vitro, and the B-cell blasts have subsequently been used for somatic cell hybridization. Hybrids secreting monoclonal antibodies to human myoglobin, pig insulin, and ben...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00829.x
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method of separating neutrophils from the peripheral blood of rats with 95% purity is described. To determine the role of antigenic stimulation in neutrophil function, neutrophils from germ-free (GF) rats were compared with those of conventional (CV) rats. Neutrophil counts were lower in GF rats but the total number...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb03216.x
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we discuss the use of glycopeptides containing tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA) as preventive vaccines for carcinomas. The results of our recent studies suggest that CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells are capable of recognizing small TACA in a conventional class I MHC-restricted fashion. TACA-specif...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.2005.01596.x
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The build-up of long-term immunological memory in the gut mucosal immune system may explain long-lasting protection against new attacks of cholera in convalescents from natural disease. We have looked for gut mucosal antitoxin immunological memory and memory cells in mice after oral immunization with cholera toxin. Ou...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1986.tb01995.x
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The epidermis has been identified as an important site for the initiation of immunological events. In addition to the macrophage-like Langerhans cells, keratinocytes within the epidermal cells have been shown to act as immunoregulatory cells through the secretion of cytokines such as epidermal cell-derived thymocyte-a...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-3083.1985.tb01832.x
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Co-infection with virus and bacteria happens frequently and often results in an exacerbated clinical course of the disease, possibly due to mechanisms including altered cytokine production. In the present study, the authors investigated the combined effects of avirulent Semliki Forest virus (SFV-A7) and bacterial lipo...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-406.x
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
