Introducing medical educators to qualitative study design: Twelve tips from inception to completion.

Abstract:

:Many research questions posed by medical educators could be answered more effectively by the application of carefully selected qualitative research design than traditional quantitative research methods. Indeed, in many cases using mixed methods research would expand the scope of a study and yield meaningful qualitative data in addition to quantitative data. Qualitative research seeks to understand people's experiences, the meanings they assign to those experiences, the psychosocial aspects of and language used in interpersonal interactions, and the factors that influence perspectives and interactions. This understanding is vital in exploring learning and teaching styles, learners' experiences and perceptions, implementing and studying the impact of educational interventions and faculty development. This article aims to advance medical educators' understanding and application of qualitative research principles in educational scholarship by summarising and consolidating the fundamental principles of research in medical education described in recent AMEE guides. The 12 tips below offer a systematic, yet practical approach to designing a qualitative research study, particularly targeting educators new to this arena.

journal_name

Med Teach

journal_title

Medical teacher

authors

Ramani S,Mann K

doi

10.3109/0142159X.2015.1035244

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-05-01 00:00:00

pages

456-63

issue

5

eissn

0142-159X

issn

1466-187X

journal_volume

38

pub_type

杂志文章
  • The effectiveness of portfolios for post-graduate assessment and education: BEME Guide No 12.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Portfolios in post-graduate healthcare education are used to support reflective practice, deliver summative assessment, aid knowledge management processes and are seen as a key connection between learning at organisational and individual levels. This systematic review draws together the evidence on the effec...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/01421590902883056

    authors: Tochel C,Haig A,Hesketh A,Cadzow A,Beggs K,Colthart I,Peacock H

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • 'They've all got to learn'. Medical students' learning from patients in ambulatory (outpatient and general practice) consultations.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The dynamics of effective teaching consultations need to be better understood. AIM:Find from medical students, patients and doctors how to optimize learning in ambulatory consultations. METHODS:Patients and students independently gave semi-structured exit interviews after 25 ambulatory teaching consultatio...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590802464445

    authors: Ashley P,Rhodes N,Sari-Kouzel H,Mukherjee A,Dornan T

    更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00

  • Study guides: a study of different formats.

    abstract::More emphasis is being placed on students as independent learners with teachers acting as facilitators. It has been argued that student-centred learning can be supported usefully by study guides. This paper supports previous claims as to the value of study guides as perceived by students. But what should study guides ...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590600799059

    authors: Khogali SE,Laidlaw JM,Harden RM

    更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00

  • Exploring the feasibility and acceptability of using tactical decision games to develop final year medical students' non-technical skills.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Clinical decision-making, situation awareness, task management, and teamwork are key non-technical skills (NTS) required by junior doctors. Tactical decision games (TDGs) are low-fidelity classroom-based activities designed to develop proficiency in NTS. This study aimed to explore the feasibility and acce...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2016.1150979

    authors: Drummond I,Sheikh G,Skinner J,Wood M

    更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00

  • Clinical supervisors' perceived needs for teaching communication skills in clinical practice.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Lack of faculty training is often cited as the main obstacle to post-graduate teaching in communication skills. AIMS:To explore clinical supervisors' needs and perceptions regarding their role as communication skills trainers. METHODS:Four focus group discussions were conducted with clinical supervisors fr...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590802650134

    authors: Perron NJ,Sommer J,Hudelson P,Demaurex F,Luthy C,Louis-Simonet M,Nendaz M,De Grave W,Dolmans D,van der Vleuten CP

    更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00

  • Revival of the case method: a way to retain student-centred learning in a post-PBL era.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:In current renewal of medical education, problem-based learning (PBL) is the predominant approach. PBL is afflicted with limitations, which cause uncertainness about its future. A profoundly different approach is the case method, developed a century ago and today attracting much less interest in developmenta...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590601039968

    authors: Tärnvik A

    更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00

  • Lecture handouts of projected slides in a medical course.

    abstract::Part of the teaching of clinical haematology to our third year medical students involves lectures given to the entire class. For the past several years, we have provided, at the beginning of each lecture, handouts on which are reproduced all or most of the 35-mm slides that will be projected during that lecture. The f...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/01421599009006633

    authors: Amato D,Quirt I

    更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00

  • Curriculum Navigator: aspiring towards a comprehensive package for curriculum planning.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Insightful frameworks for curriculum development were described in the literature. There is a need, however, to outline the approach we prefer, sometime unconsciously, in curriculum planning. AIMS:This article describes a novel conceptual framework called Curriculum Navigator, to explore our attitudes towar...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2012.689445

    authors: Al-Eraky MM

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • How to develop a competency-based examination blueprint for longitudinal standardized patient clinical skills assessments.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Objective Structured Clinical Exams (OSCEs) with standardized patients (SPs) are commonly used in medical education to assess learners' clinical skills. However, assessments are often discrete rather than intentionally developmentally sequenced. AIMS:We developed an examination blueprint to optimize assessm...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2013.809408

    authors: Mookherjee S,Chang A,Boscardin CK,Hauer KE

    更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00

  • Eight-year outcomes of a competency-based residency training program in orthopedic surgery.

    abstract::Background: The Division of Orthopaedic Surgery at the University of Toronto implemented a pilot residency training program that used a competency-based framework in July of 2009. The competency-based curriculum (CBC) deployed an innovative, modularized approach that dramatically intensified both the structured learni...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2017.1421751

    authors: Nousiainen MT,Mironova P,Hynes M,Glover Takahashi S,Reznick R,Kraemer W,Alman B,Ferguson P,CBC Planning Committee.

    更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00

  • Computer-based learning versus practical course in pre-clinical education: acceptance and knowledge retention.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Computer-based learning is a tool that, when designed appropriately, can be used to effectively meet worthy educational goals. AIMS:This study aimed to compare acceptance and effectiveness of a tutored computer-based practical course (CPC) with a traditional biochemical laboratory experiment in pre-clinical...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/01421590903394611

    authors: Kröncke KD

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00

  • Twelve tips for developing a global community of scholars in health professions education.

    abstract::Scholarship in Health Professions Education is not just original research, it also includes study of educational processes, and application of new knowledge to practice. The pathways to successful scholarship are not always clear to novice educators. In this article, we describe strategies to establish a Community of ...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2020.1839034

    authors: Ramani S,McKimm J,Findyartini A,Nadarajah VD,Hays R,Chisolm MS,Filipe HP,Fornari A,Kachur EK,Kusurkar RA,Thampy H,Wilson KW

    更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00

  • Evaluating the quality of teaching in medical education: are we using the evidence for both formative and summative purposes?

    abstract::Heightened focus on the quality of teaching in medical schools has led to increased use of student surveys as a means of evaluating teaching. In some institutions, however, the summative purpose is emphasized over the developmental or self-improvement objective. The aim of this study was to examine the utility of a st...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590220134169

    authors: Elzubeir M,Rizk D

    更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00

  • Psychometrics of the scale of attitudes toward physician-pharmacist collaboration: a study with medical students.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the emphasis placed on interdisciplinary education and interprofessional collaboration between physicians and pharmacologists, no psychometrically sound instrument is available to measure attitudes toward collaborative relationships. AIM:This study was designed to examine psychometrics of an instrum...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2012.714877

    authors: Hojat M,Spandorfer J,Isenberg GA,Vergare MJ,Fassihi R,Gonnella JS

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • A BEME (Best Evidence in Medical Education) review of the use of workplace-based assessment in identifying and remediating underperformance among postgraduate medical trainees: BEME Guide No. 43.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:The extent to which workplace-based assessment (WBA) can be used as a facilitator of change among trainee doctors has not been established; this is particularly important in the case of underperforming trainees. The aim of this review is to examine the use of WBA in identifying and remediating performance ...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2016.1215413

    authors: Barrett A,Galvin R,Steinert Y,Scherpbier A,O'Shaughnessy A,Horgan M,Horsley T

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Teaching residents through consultation.

    abstract::Some patients present problems which exceed a junior doctor's ability to analyse and synthesize information on which management decisions must be made. As a result, he or she often consults with an attending physician or consultant. In this article four types of consultation are identified and analysed, each of which ...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/01421598109064474

    authors: Williams WC

    更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00

  • Twelve tips for developing, implementing, and sustaining medical education fellowship programs: Building on new trends and solid foundations.

    abstract::Medical education fellowship programs (MEFPs) are a form of faculty development contributing to an organization's educational mission and participants' career development. Building an MEFP requires a systematic design, implementation, and evaluation approach which aligns institutional and individual faculty goals. Imp...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2015.1056518

    authors: 2012 National DMEFP Conference Team.,Dewey CM,Turner TL,Perkowski L,Bailey J,Gruppen LD,Riddle J,Singhal G,Mullan P,Poznanski A,Pillow T,Robins LS,Rougas SC,Horn L,Ghulyan MV,Simpson D

    更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00

  • Multicultural issues in medical curriculum: implications for Canadian physicians.

    abstract::This descriptive study explored multicultural issues in medical education which should be included in the curricula of both the undergraduate and residency programs of the Faculty of Medicine, The University of Calgary. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 21 male and female ethnic patients to determine their e...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/01421599309029015

    authors: Chugh U,Dillmann E,Kurtz SM,Lockyer J,Parboosingh J

    更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00

  • A cardiological web as an adjunct to medical teaching: prospective analysis.

    abstract::The aim of the study was to deliver and evaluate an educational web for medical students. A web of the complete cardiovascular course was prepared as an adjunct educational material for the classes. The use and utility of the web was assessed through a questionnaire (frequency of use, impact on in-class attendance and...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590310001653991

    authors: Gómez-Arbonés X,Ferreira A,Piqué M,Roca J,Tomás J,Frutos JL,Vinyas J,Prat J,Ballester M

    更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00

  • Embedding of the progress test in an assessment program designed according to the principles of programmatic assessment.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Progress tests (PT) are used to assess students on topics from all medical disciplines. Progress testing is usually one of the assessment methods of the cognitive domain. There is limited knowledge on how positioning of the PT in a program of assessment (PoA) influences students' PT scores, use of PT feedbac...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2016.1230183

    authors: Heeneman S,Schut S,Donkers J,van der Vleuten C,Muijtjens A

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Learning surface anatomy: which learning approach is effective in an integrated PBL curriculum?

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Understanding surface anatomy and surface markings are integral for introducing clinical sciences. AIM:This study aimed to assess which learning approach is effective in learning surface anatomy. METHOD:First-year medical students were randomly assigned into two groups and asked to complete an MCQs quiz co...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2011.530704

    authors: Azer SA

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • How we established a new undergraduate firm on a Medical Admissions Unit.

    abstract::Medical Admission Units (MAUs) were introduced in the UK in the 1980s primarily driven by a governance and service improvement agenda. In the UK this has led to the development of Acute Medicine as a specialty in its own right, together with a strong role of this specialty in postgraduate teaching. In contrast, the ro...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.886769

    authors: Nazir T,Wallis S,Higham J,Newton K,Pugh M,Woywodt A

    更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00

  • Diffusion of innovation and longitudinal integrated clerkships: Results of the clerkship directors in internal medicine annual survey.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Longitudinal integrated clerkships (LICs) are innovative educational models that emphasize medical student continuity with patients, preceptors, peers, and health systems. We characterize LIC growth in the US and interpret the growth using Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation Theory. METHODS:In 2015, we surveyed 12...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2018.1472369

    authors: Mazotti L,Adams J,Peyser B,Chretien K,Duffy B,Hirsh DA

    更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00

  • Psychological responses to the SARS outbreak in healthcare students in Hong Kong.

    abstract::This paper reports a cross-sectional questionnaire study that investigated perceived stress and psychological responses to the SARS outbreak in healthcare students at the height of the outbreak in Hong Kong in 2003. Non-healthcare university students served as controls. All the groups reported high levels of perceived...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590400006572

    authors: Wong JG,Cheung EP,Cheung V,Cheung C,Chan MT,Chua SE,McAlonan GM,Tsang KW,Ip MS

    更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00

  • Twelve tips for early career medical educators.

    abstract::The first 10 years of career development pose unique challenges for MD- and PhD-trained faculty members working in medical education. These may include publishing peer-reviewed articles, winning grant funding, teaching, maintaining a clinical practice, and supporting professional communities both within and external t...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2015.1062084

    authors: Cristancho S,Varpio L

    更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00

  • Assessing professional behaviour and medical error.

    abstract::The mission of medical schools underwent significant change in the post-Second World War period, which resulted in a de-evaluation of teaching, which in turn impacted on the type of assessment methods that emerged in the latter part of the twentieth century. Assessment based on direct observation did not receive the s...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590120036556

    authors: Cohen R

    更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00

  • Descriptive analysis of junior doctor assessment in the first postgraduate year.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Preparing graduates for the role of the junior doctor is the aim of all medical schools. There has been limited published description of junior doctor performance in the workplace within Australia. METHODS:This cohort study describes junior doctors' performance in the first postgraduate year, the influenc...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.918255

    authors: Carr SE,Celenza T,Lake FR

    更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00

  • A case study of methods used to tackle a common pedagogic problem in medical and dental education: time pressure.

    abstract::This case study describes how the common problems of time shortage, factual overload and curriculum overcrowding were tackled in one context, using good practice guidelines. It examines the impact of two hours of intensive, interactive teaching on the knowledge and attitudes of senior medical undergraduates at one Uni...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159031000100355

    authors: Zakrzewska JM,Fry H,Larkin KE

    更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00

  • Using cost-analyses to inform health professions education - The economic cost of pre-clinical failure.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Student failure creates additional economic costs. Knowing the cost of failure helps to frame its economic burden relative to other educational issues, providing an evidence-base to guide priority setting and allocation of resources. The Ingredients Method is a cost-analysis approach which has been previousl...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/0142159X.2017.1410123

    authors: Foo J,Ilic D,Rivers G,Evans DJR,Walsh K,Haines TP,Paynter S,Morgan P,Maloney S

    更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00

  • The content of undergraduate health professional courses: a topic largely ignored?

    abstract::Considerable debate has occurred about educational processes within undergraduate courses for healthcare professionals. Less attention appears to have been directed to issues of curriculum content.This paper examines the potential influence of curriculum content on a number of outcomes, and examines the methods that c...

    journal_title:Medical teacher

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/01421590050175532

    authors: Rolfe RS

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00