Abstract：
PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to compare morning and evening time-trial performance, RPE and mood state of trained swimmers, taking into account chronotype, habitual training time-of-day and PERIOD3 (PER3) variable number tandem repeat genotype. METHODS:Twenty-six swimmers (18 males, age: 32.6 ± 5.7 years) swam 200 m time trials (TT) at 06h30 and 18h30 in a randomised order. RESULTS:There was no difference between morning and evening performance when the swimmers were considered as a single group (06h30: 158.8 ± 22.7 s, 18h30: 158.5 ± 22.0 s, p = 0.611). However, grouping swimmers by chronotype and habitual training time-of-day allowed us to detect significant diurnal variation in performance, such that morning-type swimmers and those who habitually train in the morning were faster in the 06h30 TT (p = 0.036 and p = 0.011, respectively). This was accompanied by lower ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) scores post-warm-up, higher vigour and lower fatigues scores prior to the 06h30 TT in morning-type swimmers or those who trained in the morning. Similarly, neither types and those who trained in the evenings had lower fatigue and higher vigour prior to the 18h30 TT. CONCLUSIONS:It appears that both chronotype and habitual training time-of-day need to be considered when assessing diurnal variation in performance. From a practical point of view, athletes and coaches should be aware of the potentially powerful effect of training time on shifting time-of-day variation in performance.
journal_name
Eur J Appl Physioljournal_title
European journal of applied physiologyauthors
Rae DE,Stephenson KJ,Roden LCdoi
10.1007/s00421-015-3109-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-01 00:00:00pages
1339-49issue
6eissn
1439-6319issn
1439-6327journal_volume
115pub_type
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journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
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journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
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journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
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journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
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journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
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