当前位置： SCI文献检索 > NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY期刊下所有文献 > Dopamine transporter imaging in the aged rat: a [¹²³I]FP-CIT SPECT study.

Dopamine transporter imaging in the aged rat: a [¹²³I]FP-CIT SPECT study.

Abstract：

INTRODUCTION:Rodent models are extensively used to assess the biochemical and physiological changes associated with aging. They play a major role in the development of therapies for age-related pathologies such as Parkinson's disease. To validate the usefulness of these animal models in aging or age-related disease research, the consistency of cerebral aging processes across species must be evaluated. The dopaminergic system seems particularly susceptible to the aging process. One of the results of this susceptibility is a decline in striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) availability. METHODS:We sought to ascertain whether similar age changes could be detected in-vivo in rats, using molecular imaging techniques such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with [(123)I]FP-CIT. RESULTS:A significant decrease of 17.21% in the striatal specific uptake ratio was observed in the aged rats with respect to the young control group. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest that age-related degeneration in the nigrostriatal track is similar in humans and rats, which supports the use of this animal in models to evaluate the effect of aging on the dopaminergic system. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE:Our findings indicate that age-related degeneration in the nigrostriatal track is similar in humans and rats and that these changes can be monitored in vivo using small animal SPECT with [(123)I]FP-CIT, which could facilitate the translational research in rat models of age related disorders of dopaminergic system.

journal_name

Nucl Med Biol

journal_title

Nuclear medicine and biology

authors

Niñerola-Baizán A,Rojas S,Roé-Vellvé N,Lomeña F,Ros D,Pavía J

doi

10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.12.020

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-04-01 00:00:00

pages

395-8

issue

4

eissn

0969-8051

issn

1872-9614

pii

S0969-8051(15)00013-X

journal_volume

42

pub_type

杂志文章

相关文献

NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY文献大全
  • Kinetics of the metabolism of four PET radioligands in living minipigs.

    abstract：:Most radioligands are substantially metabolised in peripheral organs during the course of positron emission tomography (PET) recordings. Accurate determination of plasma concentrations of unmetabolised radioligands is often important for quantification of data from PET studies. The fractions of untransformed radioliga...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0969-8051(00)00187-6

    authors： Gillings NM,Bender D,Falborg L,Marthi K,Munk OL,Cumming P

    更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Intraarticular and intravenous administration of 99MTc-HMPAO-labeled human mesenchymal stem cells (99MTC-AH-MSCS): In vivo imaging and biodistribution.

    abstract：INTRODUCTION:Therapeutic application of intravenous administered (IV) human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ahMSCs) appears to have as main drawback the massive retention of cells in the lung parenchyma, questioning the suitability of this via of administration. Intraarticular administration (IAR) could be ...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.12.003

    authors： Meseguer-Olmo L,Montellano AJ,Martínez T,Martínez CM,Revilla-Nuin B,Roldán M,Mora CF,López-Lucas MD,Fuente T

    更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of (111)In-labeled macrocyclic chelator-amino acid derivatives for cancer imaging.

    abstract：PURPOSE:We evaluated new (111)In-labeled amino acid derivatives, in which the amino acids are conjugated with1,4,7,10-tetra-azacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,7-diacetic acid (DO2A) or 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (DO3A). METHODS:DOTA-aminoalanine...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2011.09.010

    authors： Lee JJ,Shetty D,Lee YS,Kim SE,Kim YJ,Hong MK,Son JY,Jeong JM

    更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

  • Radiochemical synthesis of [123I]2-iodo-lisuride for dopamine D2-receptor studies.

    abstract：:By variation of reaction parameters iodination of 3-(9,10-didehydro-6-methyl-8 alpha-ergolinyl)-1,1-diethylurea (lisuride) was performed with the radiohalogen [123I]iodine (t1/2 = 13.3 h). For comparative experiments and stability studies the beta(-)-emitting radioisotope [131I]iodine (t1/2 = 8.04 d) was also used. Re...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0969-8051(96)00018-2

    authors： Bier D,Dutschka K,Knust EJ

    更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of (18)F-FET and (18)F-FDG PET in brain tumors.

    abstract：UNLABELLED:The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of positron emission tomography (PET) using [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) and O-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine ((18)F-FET) in patients with brain lesions suspicious of cerebral gliomas. METHODS:Fifty-two patients with suspicion of cer...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2009.05.005

    authors： Pauleit D,Stoffels G,Bachofner A,Floeth FW,Sabel M,Herzog H,Tellmann L,Jansen P,Reifenberger G,Hamacher K,Coenen HH,Langen KJ

    更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

  • Preparation and pharmacokinetics of 11C labeled stavudine (d4T).

    abstract：:Stavudine, a potent antiviral agent for treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, was radiolabeled with (11)C by methylation of a specifically designed precursor, 5'-O-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-5-bromo-2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine, with (11)C H(3)I. The radiolabeled drug was isolated by reverse phase HP...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2003.11.006

    authors： Livni E,Berker M,Hillier S,Waller SC,Ogan MD,Discordia RP,Rienhart JK,Rubin RH,Fischman AJ

    更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

  • Novel chelating agents for potential clinical applications of copper.

    abstract：:Copper offers a unique selection of radioisotopes ((60)Cu, (61)Cu, (62)Cu, (64)Cu, and (67)Cu) with half-lives ranging from 9.8 min to 61.9 h suitable for imaging and/or radiotherapy. In peptide/antibody targeted radiotherapy one of the most studied chelating agents for copper, 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,4,8,...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章,评审

    doi：10.1016/s0969-8051(01)00287-6

    authors： Ma D,Lu F,Overstreet T,Milenic DE,Brechbiel MW

    更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • Investigation of a potential scintigraphic marker of apoptosis: radioiodinated Z-Val-Ala-DL-Asp(O-methyl)-fluoromethyl ketone.

    abstract：:The imaging of apoptosis represents an attractive diagnostic goal in the area of tumor therapy, degenerative diseases and organ transplantation. Since caspases play a key role during the early period of the intracellular signal cascade of cells undergoing apoptosis we considered benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-DL-Asp(O-meth...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0969-8051(01)00247-5

    authors： Haberkorn U,Kinscherf R,Krammer PH,Mier W,Eisenhut M

    更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

  • Fluorine-18-labeled fluorine gas for synthesis of tracer molecules.

    abstract：:The aim of this work was to develop a method to produce 18F-labeled fluorine gas ([18F]F2) with high specific radioactivity (SA, radioactivity/mass-ratio). 18F-Labeled methyl fluoride ([18F]CH3F) was synthesized from [18F]F-aq and mixed with carrier F2 in an inert neon matrix. The constituents were atomized in an elec...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0969-8051(97)00078-4

    authors： Bergman J,Solin O

    更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

  • Positron emission tomography (PET) with 11C-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostatic adenocarcinoma.

    abstract：:The discovery of neuroendocrine differentiation in hormone-refractory prostatic adenocarcinoma has opened a potentially new therapeutic approach in this group of patients with a poor prognosis and few effective therapy modalities. Based on previous findings of increased uptake of 11C-5-hydroxytryptophan (11C-5-HTP) in...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0969-8051(97)00064-4

    authors： Kälkner KM,Ginman C,Nilsson S,Bergström M,Antoni G,Ahlström H,Långström B,Westlin JE

    更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

  • Preclinical radioimmunotargeting of folate receptor alpha using the monoclonal antibody conjugate DOTA-MORAb-003.

    abstract：INTRODUCTION:The in vitro and in vivo behavior of the radiolabeled monoclonal antibody MORAb-003 was investigated as a prelude to a clinical trial. METHODS:The cellular retention of 111In- and 131I-labeled MORAb-003 was investigated using IGROV1 and SW620 cells. Biodistribution studies in tumor-bearing mice were perfo...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.12.008

    authors： Smith-Jones PM,Pandit-Taskar N,Cao W,O'Donoghue J,Philips MD,Carrasquillo J,Konner JA,Old LJ,Larson SM

    更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

  • PET imaging of TSPO in a rat model of local neuroinflammation induced by intracerebral injection of lipopolysaccharide.

    abstract：OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to measure functional and structural aspects of local neuroinflammation induced by intracerebral injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats using TSPO microPET imaging with [(18)F]DPA-714, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in vitro autoradiography and immunohistochemistry (IHC) i...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.06.010

    authors： Ory D,Planas A,Dresselaers T,Gsell W,Postnov A,Celen S,Casteels C,Himmelreich U,Debyser Z,Van Laere K,Verbruggen A,Bormans G

    更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

  • A novel 177Lu-labeled porphyrin for possible use in targeted tumor therapy.

    abstract：INTRODUCTION:Porphyrin and its derivatives exhibit inherent affinity for localization in tumors. Hence, porphyrin derivatives radiolabeled with suitable therapeutic radionuclides could be envisaged as potential agents for targeted tumor therapy. In this direction, a water-soluble porphyrin derivative, viz., 5,10,15,20-...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2010.02.007

    authors： Das T,Chakraborty S,Sarma HD,Banerjee S,Venakatesh M

    更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

  • Propionyl-L-carnitine: labelling in the N-methyl position with carbon-11 and pharmacokinetic studies in rats.

    abstract：:The prospective therapeutic, propionyl-L-carnitine, was labelled in the N-methyl position with the positron-emitter, carbon-11 (t1/2 = 20.4 min), with a view to studying its pharmacokinetics in humans using PET. Labelling was achieved by methylating nor-propionyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride with no-carrier-added [11C]io...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0969-8051(95)00010-u

    authors： Davenport RJ,Law MP,Pike VW,Osman S,Poole KG

    更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

  • Assessing activation of hepatic stellate cells by (99m)Tc-3PRGD2 scintigraphy targeting integrin αvβ3: a feasibility study.

    abstract：OBJECTIVE:Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, which is accompanied by increased expression of integrin αvβ3, is an important factor in liver fibrogenesis. Molecular imaging targeting the integrin αvβ3 could provide a non-invasive method for evaluating the expression and the function of the integrin αvβ3 on the acti...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.11.007

    authors： Zhang X,Xin J,Shi Y,Xu W,Yu S,Yang Z,Liu C,Cao L,Guo Q

    更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • (E)-[125I]-5-AOIBV: a SPECT radioligand for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter.

    abstract：:The premise that, over the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD), changes in the levels of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) occur in parallel with changes to other cholinergic marker proteins provides the basis for the applicability of benzovesamicol derivatives as radioligands for AD studies by single pho...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.07.011

    authors： Emond P,Mavel S,Zea-Ponce Y,Kassiou M,Garreau L,Bodard S,Drossard ML,Chalon S,Guilloteau D

    更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

  • Selective alkylation of pyrimidyl dianions III: no-carrier-added synthesis of [11C-methyl]-thymidine.

    abstract：:A no-carrier-added, high specific activity synthesis of [11C-methyl]-thymidine is reported. Reaction of 3'. 5'-O-bis-(tetrahydropyramyl)-5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine with n-butylithium produced a diamion which was alkylated with [11C]-methyl iodide, and on subsequent hydrolysis, yielded [IIC-methyl]-thymidine. The labeled ...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/0969-8051(95)00027-u

    authors： Alauddin MM,Ravert HT,Musachio JL,Mathews WB,Dannals RF,Conti PS

    更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

  • Radiosynthesis and biological evaluation of N-(2-[18F]fluoropropionyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine as a PET tracer for oncologic imaging.

    abstract：INTRODUCTION:Several 11C and 18F labeled 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (l-DOPA) analogues have been used for neurologic and oncologic diseases, especially for brain tumors and neuroendocrine tumors PET imaging. However, 18F-labeled N-substituted l-DOPA analogues have not been reported so far. In the current study, radi...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.04.002

    authors： Tang C,Nie D,Tang G,Gao S,Liu S,Wen F,Tang X

    更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of in vivo dopamine D2 receptor binding of [(123)I]AIBZM and [(123)I]IBZM in rat brain.

    abstract：:[(123)I]AIBZM, (S)-5-[(123)I]-Iodo-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)]methyl-4-amine-2-methoxybenzamide is a derivative with high affinity for the D2 receptor. Labeling was achieved by the Iodogen method. The in vivo affinity for the D2 receptor and the biological characteristics were performed in rats. The brain uptake of [...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：

    authors： Li H,Gildehaus FJ,Dresel S,Patt JT,Shen M,Zhu T,Liu B,Tang Z,Tatsch K,Hahn K

    更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

  • 99mTc-2GAM: a tracer for renal imaging.

    abstract：:We propose a renal imaging agent, the 99mTc complex of the bidentate-N,S chelate N-(mercaptoacetyl)glycine (99mTc-2GAM), with the imaging characteristics of 99mTc-DMSA but a faster kidney uptake; chemical evidence supports the formulation of 99mTc-2GAM as [Tc(v)(O)(GAM)2]-. After biodistribution and toxicity studies i...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0969-8051(96)00135-7

    authors： Gianolli L,Dosio F,Matarrese M,Colombo F,Cutler C,Stepniak-Biniakiewicz D,Deutsch E,Savi A,Lucignani G,Fazio F

    更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

  • Biodistribution studies of two 18F-labeled pyridinylphenyl amides as subtype selective radioligands for the dopamine D3 receptor.

    abstract：INTRODUCTION:Dopamine D3 receptors are implicated in various neuropsychiatric diseases, drug abuse and alcoholism, but specific agents for D3 molecular imaging are lacking. We evaluated two in vitro selective fluorine-18-labeled radioligand candidates ([(18)F]5 and [(18)F]6) for positron emission tomography (PET) imagi...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.12.014

    authors： Hocke C,Cumming P,Maschauer S,Kuwert T,Gmeiner P,Prante O

    更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

  • Efficacy of lentiviral-mediated transfection of hTSHR in poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma cell line.

    abstract：INTRODUCTION:Dedifferentiated thyroid cancer is often incurable because it does not respond to radioiodine. This study aimed to investigate iodide uptake and the expressions of thyroid-specific molecules after the transfection of human thyrotropin receptor (hTSHR) gene in poorly differentiated follicular thyroid cancer...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.12.004

    authors： Cheng W,Fu H,Feng F,Ma C,Li J,Chen S,Wang H

    更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

  • 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in management of pancreatic cystic tumors.

    abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effectiveness of PET in differentiating malignant from benign pancreatic cystic tumors. METHODS:Between 2009 and 2010, all patients with pancreatic cystic tumors who had PET, triple phase contrast computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) were reviewed. Clinicopathological cha...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.03.005

    authors： Zhang Y,Frampton AE,Martin JL,Kyriakides C,Bong JJ,Habib NA,Vlavianos P,Jiao LR

    更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

  • Development of a 111In-labeled peptide derivative targeting a chemokine receptor, CXCR4, for imaging tumors.

    abstract：:The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is highly expressed in tumor cells and plays an important role in tumor metastasis. The aim of this study was to develop a radiopharmaceutical for the imaging of CXCR4-expressing tumors in vivo. Based on structure-activity relationships, we designed a 14-residue peptidic CXCR4 inhibitor, A...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2006.01.006

    authors： Hanaoka H,Mukai T,Tamamura H,Mori T,Ishino S,Ogawa K,Iida Y,Doi R,Fujii N,Saji H

    更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

  • Quantitative ex vivo and in vitro receptor autoradiography using 11C-labeled ligands and an imaging plate: a study with a dopamine D2-like receptor ligand [11C]nemonapride.

    abstract：:Ex vivo and in vitro autoradiography (ARG) with radioluminography is a useful technique to characterize newly developed 11C-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) tracers and to apply them to biological and pharmacological studies. In this report, we have described a method of evaluating the radioactivity distribu...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0969-8051(98)00115-2

    authors： Ishiwata K,Ogi N,Tanaka A,Senda M

    更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

  • Glucose and methionine uptake by rat brain tumor treated with prodrug-activated gene therapy.

    abstract：:The effect of acyclovir (ACV) on the metabolism of rat 9L-gliosarcoma cells expressing the herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase gene was studied using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) and L-[methyl-11C]methionine. Though the average weight of the tumors treated with ACV was significantly lower than that of the s...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s0969-8051(97)00171-6

    authors： Namba H,Iwadate Y,Iyo M,Fukushi K,Irie T,Sueyoshi K,Tagawa M,Sakiyama S

    更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

  • In vivo evaluation of a new ¹⁸F-labeled PET ligand, [¹⁸F]FEBU, for the imaging of I₂-imidazoline receptors.

    abstract：INTRODUCTION:The functions of I₂-imidazoline receptors (I₂Rs) are unknown, but evidence exists for their involvement in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Although a few positron emission tomography (PET) I₂R ligands have been developed, of which [(11)C]FTIMD and [(11)C]BU99008 were evaluated as PET I₂R imaging ligand...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.12.014

    authors： Kawamura K,Shimoda Y,Kumata K,Fujinaga M,Yui J,Yamasaki T,Xie L,Hatori A,Wakizaka H,Kurihara Y,Ogawa M,Nengaki N,Zhang MR

    更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

  • Preclinical and clinical evaluation of O-[11C]methyl-L-tyrosine for tumor imaging by positron emission tomography.

    abstract：:We performed preclinical and clinical studies of O-[11C]methyl-L-tyrosine, a potential tracer for imaging amino acid transport of tumors by positron emission tomography (PET). Examinations of the radiation-absorbed dose by O-[11C]methyl-L-tyrosine and the acute toxicity and mutagenicity of O-methyl-L-tyrosine showed s...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2004.11.005

    authors： Ishiwata K,Tsukada H,Kubota K,Nariai T,Harada N,Kawamura K,Kimura Y,Oda K,Iwata R,Ishii K

    更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

  • 18F-Labeled perfluorocarbon droplets for positron emission tomography imaging.

    abstract：INTRODUCTION:Nanoscale perfluorocarbon (PFC) droplets have been used to create imaging agents and drug delivery vehicles. However, development and characterization of new formulations of PFC droplets are hindered because of the lack of simple methods for quantitative and sensitive assessment of whole body tissue distri...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.07.001

    authors： Amir N,Green D,Kent J,Xiang Y,Gorelikov I,Seo M,Blacker M,Janzen N,Czorny S,Valliant JF,Matsuura N

    更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

  • A fast chemoenzymatic synthesis of [11C]-N5,N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate as a potential PET tracer for proliferating cells.

    abstract：INTRODUCTION:Thymidylate synthase and folate receptors are well-developed targets of cancer therapy. Discovery of a simple and fast method for the conversion of 11CH3Ito[11C]-formaldehyde (11CH2O) encouraged us to label the co-factor of this enzyme. Preliminary studies conducted on cell lines have demonstrated a prefer...

    journal_title：Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2011.12.003

    authors： Saeed M,Tewson TJ,Erdahl CE,Kohen A

    更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00