Abstract:
:The small and large intestine of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) have evolved to have discrete functions with distinct anatomies and immune cell composition. The importance of these differences is underlined when considering that different pathogens have uniquely adapted to live in each region of the gut. Furthermore, different regions of the GIT are also associated with differences in susceptibility to diseases such as cancer and chronic inflammation. The large and small intestine, given their anatomical and functional differences, should be seen as two separate immunological sites. However, this distinction is often ignored with findings from one area of the GIT being inappropriately extrapolated to the other. Focussing largely on the murine small and large intestine, this review addresses the literature relating to the immunology and biology of the two sites, drawing comparisons between them and clarifying similarities and differences. We also highlight the gaps in our understanding and where further research is needed.
journal_name
World J Gastroenteroljournal_title
World journal of gastroenterologyauthors
Bowcutt R,Forman R,Glymenaki M,Carding SR,Else KJ,Cruickshank SMdoi
10.3748/wjg.v20.i41.15216subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-11-07 00:00:00pages
15216-32issue
41eissn
1007-9327issn
2219-2840journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic value and safety mainly regarding incidents of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs). METHODS:A total of 150 consecutive patients with suspected PCLs were prospectively enrolled from April 2015 to November 2016. We finally enro...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i30.5610
更新日期:2017-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the clinical efficacy and toxic effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using docetaxel combined with oxaliplatin and fluorouracil for treating stage III/IV gastric cancer. METHODS:A total of 53 stage III/IV gastric cancer patients were enrolled into the study and treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i48.18413
更新日期:2014-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and highly fatal malignancies worldwide. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of HCC. High HBV replication rate and related non-resolving inflammation are the major risk factors of HCC occurrence and postoperative recurrence. Early pro...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i29.6565
更新日期:2016-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::In 2018, the pan-Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor tofacitinib was launched for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Although tofacitinib has proven efficacious in patients with active UC, it failed in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). This finding strongly hints at a different contribution of JAK signaling in both ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i28.4055
更新日期:2020-07-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To clarify the biological feature contributing to gastric cancer with diffuse bone metastases at diagnosis. METHODS:The participants visited the Department of Clinical Oncology, Akita University Hospital, from January 2014 to August 2015. The selection criterion for gastric cancer with diffuse bone metastases at d...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i26.6083
更新日期:2016-07-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To identify the clinicopathological predictors of lymph node (LN) metastasis and evaluate the outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in papillary adenocarcinoma-type early gastric cancers (EGCs). METHODS:From January 2005 to May 2013, 49 patients who underwent surgical operation and 24 patients who und...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i13.3944
更新日期:2015-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To identify a small, clinically applicable immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel that could be combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) for assessment of prognosis concerning the non-advanced rectal cancer patients prior to operation. METHODS:About 329 patients with pa...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i38.8576
更新日期:2016-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Since the development of uncovered self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) in the 1990s, endoscopic stents have evolved dramatically. Application of new materials and new designs has expanded the indications for enteral SEMS. At present, enteral stents are considered the first-line modality for palliative care, and numerou...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i2.842
更新日期:2016-01-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the application of bipolar coagulation (BIP) in hepatectomy by comparing the efficacy of BIP alone, cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) + BIP and conventional clamp crushing (CLAMP). METHODS:Based on our database of patient records, a total of 380 consecutive patients who underwent hepatectom...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i26.8638
更新日期:2014-07-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate whether the degree of rectal distension could define the rectum functions as a conduit or reservoir. METHODS:Response of the rectal and anal pressure to 2 types of rectal balloon distension, rapid voluminous and slow gradual distention, was recorded in 21 healthy volunteers (12 men, 9 women, age 41....
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i28.4549
更新日期:2006-07-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To study the interactive relationship of gallbladder motor function, plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) and cholecystokinin A receptor (CCK-R) of gallbladder in patients with cholesterol stone disease. METHODS:Gallbladder motility was studied by ultrasonography in 33 patients with gallbladder stone and 10 health subject...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i11.1685
更新日期:2005-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::High-risk human papillomavirus has been suggested as a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Tumor human papillomavirus status has been reported to confer a favorable prognosis in esophageal adenocarcinoma. The size of the primary tumor and degree of lymphatic spread determines the prognosis of esophageal carcino...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i21.2729
更新日期:2020-06-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To identify key variables associated with colon cancer testing using the 2009 California Health Inventory Survey (CHIS). METHODS:The CHIS has been conducted biennially since 2001 using a two-stage, geographically stratified random-digit-dial sample design to produce a representative sample of the entire State. For...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i8.1247
更新日期:2013-02-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effect and possible mechanism of action of schisandrin B in SC-B on gastric cancer cells in vitro. METHODS:SC-B consisted of schisandrin B, aloe-emodin, and Astragalus polysaccharides. Exponentially growing human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were divided into six treatment groups: (1...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i48.6506
更新日期:2007-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::Viable and non-viable pathological bacterial translocation promote a self-perpetuating circle of dysfunctional immune activation and systemic inflammation facilitating infections and organ failure in advanced cirrhosis. Bacterial infections and sepsis are now recognized as a distinct stage in the natural progression o...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i10.2542
更新日期:2014-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest chronic liver disease in high-income countries and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Macrophages appear to play an important role in the development and progression of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Accordingly, modulation of macro...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.3748/wjg.v24.i48.5415
更新日期:2018-12-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Previous reports have shown that decrease in plasma glutamine (Gln) level following major surgery may contribute to the state of immunosuppression. Gln supplementation improves the depletion of body Gln pool, and may have indirect effect on reducing proinflammatory mediator release. This study evaluated whether the...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i39.6197
更新日期:2005-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To assess the association between smoking and alcohol consumption and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) through a meta-analysis of clinical observational studies. METHODS:A literature search was conducted using Embase and MEDLINE databases from inception to 31 May 2013 without language limitations, and by manu...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i46.8780
更新日期:2013-12-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effects of sinomenine (SIN) combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on esophageal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. METHODS:Esophageal carcinoma (Eca-109) cells were cultured in DMEM. The single or combined growth inhibition effects of SIN and 5-FU on the Eca-109 cells were examined by meas...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i45.8292
更新日期:2013-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To perform a meta-analysis on laparoscopic hepatectomy VS conventional liver resection for treating hepatolithiasis. METHODS:We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library, and undertook a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic hepatecto...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i43.7791
更新日期:2017-11-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the anti-diabetogenic mechanism of Nardostachys jatamansi extract (NJE). METHODS:Mice were injected with streptozotocin via a tail vein to induce diabetes. Rat insulinoma RINm5F cells and isolated rat islets were treated with interleukin-1beta and interferon-gamma to induce cytotoxicity. RESULTS:Tr...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v16.i26.3249
更新日期:2010-07-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the pattern of mucin expression and concentration in bile obtained during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) in relation to gallstone disease. METHODS:Bile samples obtained at ERC from 29 consecutive patients, 17 with and 12 without gallstone disease were evaluated for mucin content by gel ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.15.2367
更新日期:2009-05-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the optimal intervention point of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, celecoxib, for inhibiting Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastric carcinogenesis in Mongolian gerbils (MGs). METHODS:One hundred and twelve MGs were divided into six groups (A-F). One hundred gerbils were inocu...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.15.4907
更新日期:2009-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a range of liver histology severity and outcomes in the absence of chronic alcohol use. The mildest form is simple steatosis in which triglycerides accumulate within hepatocytes. A more advanced form of NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, includes inflammation and...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i26.3082
更新日期:2011-07-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the effects of Terminalia arjuna (T. arjuna) extract on human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) and its possible role in induction of apoptosis. METHODS:Human hepatoma cells were treated with different concentrations of ethanolic extract of T. arjuna and its cytotoxicity effect was measured by trypan blue ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i7.1018
更新日期:2006-02-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To determine, by counting micronucleus (MN) frequencies, whether chromosomal or DNA damage have an effect on the pathogenesis of early colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC). METHODS:We analyzed MN frequencies in 21 patients with CRC, 24 patients with colon polyps [10 neoplastic polyps (NP) and 14 non-neoplastic polyps (...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.14.6835
更新日期:2008-11-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the antioxidative status of patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in southeastern Taiwan. METHODS:Our study comprised 27 patients with ALD recruited from Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital, located in southeastern Taiwan. Patients with ALD included 12 non-aborigines (12 men) and 15 aborigines (1...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i8.1063
更新日期:2011-02-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the role of pre-core and basal core promoter (BCP) mutations before and after hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion. METHODS:The proportion of pre-core (G1896A) and basal core promoter (A1762T and G1764A) mutant viruses and serum levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, hepatitis B surface anti...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i2.541
更新日期:2015-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::We have read with interest the paper by Roman C. and colleagues discussing the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and atrial fibrillation. The review is presenting the available evidence for the common pathogenic mechanisms. However, from a cardiologist perspective, some available data were not highl...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i10.3154
更新日期:2015-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::An insufficient future liver remnant (FLR) is associated with post-hepatectomy liver failure. Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for stage hepatectomy (ALPPS) has been shown to be effective for the induction of rapid FLR hypertrophy so as to improve the resectability in patients with insufficient FLR...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.10208
更新日期:2014-08-07 00:00:00