Mathematical model of renal interstitial fibrosis.

abstract：:We determined the nucleotide sequence of about 1 kilobase of DNA 3' to the 5' long terminal repeat of three noninfectious ad one infectious proviral DNA clones of spleen necrosis virus, an avian retrovirus, to determine if the types of nucleic acid changes involved in retrovirus mutation shed light on special features...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Rear JJ,Temin HM

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic coupling hypothesis of signal-preference evolution, whereby the same genes control male signal and female preference for that signal, was first inspired by the evolution of cricket acoustic communication nearly 50 years ago. To examine this hypothesis, we compared the genomic location of quantitative trait...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shaw KL,Lesnick SC

更新日期：2009-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Noncanonical DNA structures that stall DNA replication can cause errors in genomic DNA. Here, we investigated how the noncanonical structures formed by sequences in genes associated with a number of diseases impacted DNA polymerization by the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase. Replication of a DNA sequence forming an ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takahashi S,Brazier JA,Sugimoto N

更新日期：2017-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We provide evidence that citrate anions bridge between mineral platelets in bone and hypothesize that their presence acts to maintain separate platelets with disordered regions between them rather than gradual transformations into larger, more ordered blocks of mineral. To assess this hypothesis, we take as a model fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davies E,Müller KH,Wong WC,Pickard CJ,Reid DG,Skepper JN,Duer MJ

更新日期：2014-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytoskeletal filaments assemble into dense parallel, antiparallel, or disordered networks, providing a complex environment for active cargo transport and positioning by molecular motors. The interplay between the network architecture and intrinsic motor properties clearly affects transport properties but remains poorl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Richard M,Blanch-Mercader C,Ennomani H,Cao W,De La Cruz EM,Joanny JF,Jülicher F,Blanchoin L,Martin P

更新日期：2019-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The tat protein encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is a potent trans-activator of gene expression from the viral long terminal repeat. The domains that are essential for trans-activation, a Pro-Xaa3-Pro triad, a cysteine-rich metal-binding sequence motif, and a cluster of basic residues, are present wi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jeyapaul J,Reddy MR,Khan SA

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soil systems are being increasingly exposed to the interactive effects of biological invasions and climate change, with rising temperatures expected to benefit alien over indigenous species. We assessed this expectation for an important soil-dwelling group, the springtails, by determining whether alien species show br...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Janion-Scheepers C,Phillips L,Sgrò CM,Duffy GA,Hallas R,Chown SL

更新日期：2018-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Progressive myoclonus epilepsy of Univerricht-Lundborg type is a clinically defined entity among the progressive myoclonus epilepsies. It is an autosomal recessive disorder. The underlying biochemical defect is unknown. We used linkage analysis to localize the gene in 12 families with the aid of polymorphic DNA marker...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lehesjoki AE,Koskiniemi M,Sistonen P,Miao J,Hästbacka J,Norio R,de la Chapelle A

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sea urchins are a major component of recent marine communities where they exert a key role as grazers and benthic predators. However, their impact on past marine organisms, such as crinoids, is hard to infer in the fossil record. Analysis of bite mark frequencies on crinoid columnals and comprehensive genus-level dive...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gorzelak P,Salamon MA,Baumiller TK

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using an antibody highly specific for D-serine conjugated to glutaraldehyde, we have localized endogenous D-serine in rat brain. Highest levels of D-serine immunoreactivity occur in the gray matter of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, anterior olfactory nucleus, olfactory tubercle, and amygdala. Localizations of D-ser...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schell MJ,Molliver ME,Snyder SH

更新日期：1995-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Because the insolubility of the scrapie prion protein (PrP(Sc)) has frustrated structural studies by x-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy, we used electron crystallography to characterize the structure of two infectious variants of the prion protein. Isomorphous two-dimensional crystals of the N-terminally trunca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wille H,Michelitsch MD,Guenebaut V,Supattapone S,Serban A,Cohen FE,Agard DA,Prusiner SB

更新日期：2002-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The structural and functional organization of the cell nucleus has been investigated using three-dimensional reconstruction, immunoelectron microscopy, and high-resolution in situ autoradiography. Nuclear regions enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) form a reticular network within the nucleop...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spector DL

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helper T (Th) cells are classified as Th1 or Th2 cells by virtue of cytokine secretion and function as mediators of cellular or humoral immunity, respectively. Cytokines also regulate the differentiation of Th cells. For example, interleukin (IL)-12 promotes Th1 and suppresses Th2 cell development, suggesting that IL-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Milich DR,Wolf SF,Hughes JL,Jones JE

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Although pain is a prevalent nonmotor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD), it is undertreated, in part because of our limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Considering that the basal ganglia are implicated in pain sensation, and that their synaptic outputs are controlled by the subthalamic nucleus (STN),...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luan Y,Tang D,Wu H,Gu W,Wu Y,Cao JL,Xiao C,Zhou C

更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:T follicular helper (Tfh) and regulatory (Tfr) cells are terminally differentiated cells found in germinal centers (GCs), specialized secondary lymphoid organ structures dedicated to antibody production. As such, follicular T (Tfol) cells are supposed to be specific for immunizing antigens, which has been reported for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ritvo PG,Saadawi A,Barennes P,Quiniou V,Chaara W,El Soufi K,Bonnet B,Six A,Shugay M,Mariotti-Ferrandiz E,Klatzmann D

更新日期：2018-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:A 1-hr exposure of bovine lenses in organ culture to H2O2 concentrations in the range found in the aqueous fluid of patients with cataracts inhibits 86Rb+ influx. At 1 mM H2O2, complete inhibition was observed and further investigated. Membrane permeability is slightly decreased. Although lactate concentrations increa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Garner WH,Garner MH,Spector A

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mononegaviruses are promising tools as oncolytic vectors and transgene delivery vectors for gene therapy and regenerative medicine. By using the Magnet proteins, which reversibly heterodimerize upon blue light illumination, photocontrollable mononegaviruses (measles and rabies viruses) were generated. The Magnet prote...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tahara M,Takishima Y,Miyamoto S,Nakatsu Y,Someya K,Sato M,Tani K,Takeda M

更新日期：2019-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian pacemaking requires the orderly synthesis, posttranslational modification, and degradation of clock proteins. In mammals, mutations in casein kinase 1 (CK1) epsilon or delta can alter the circadian period, but the particular functions of the WT isoforms within the pacemaker remain unclear. We selectively tar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meng QJ,Maywood ES,Bechtold DA,Lu WQ,Li J,Gibbs JE,Dupré SM,Chesham JE,Rajamohan F,Knafels J,Sneed B,Zawadzke LE,Ohren JF,Walton KM,Wager TT,Hastings MH,Loudon AS

更新日期：2010-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The derivation of germ-line competent avian primordial germ cells establishes a cell-based model system for the investigation of germ cell differentiation and the production of genetically modified animals. Current methods to modify primordial germ cells using DNA or retroviral vectors are inefficient and prone to epi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Macdonald J,Taylor L,Sherman A,Kawakami K,Takahashi Y,Sang HM,McGrew MJ

更新日期：2012-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic mutations can now be quantified in almost any cell type in mice carrying bacterial genes in a lambda phage shuttle vector. Mutations induced in vivo are detectable ex vivo, after packaging host-cell DNA into phage that are grown on suitable bacteria. However, the transgenic DNA differs from many host loci in s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tao KS,Urlando C,Heddle JA

更新日期：1993-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans routinely formulate plans in domains so complex that even the most powerful computers are taxed. To do so, they seem to avail themselves of many strategies and heuristics that efficiently simplify, approximate, and hierarchically decompose hard tasks into simpler subtasks. Theoretical and cognitive research has...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huys QJ,Lally N,Faulkner P,Eshel N,Seifritz E,Gershman SJ,Dayan P,Roiser JP

更新日期：2015-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) acts as a processivity factor for replicative DNA polymerases and is essential for DNA replication. In vitro studies have suggested a role for PCNA-in the repair synthesis step of nucleotide excision repair, and PCNA interacts with the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Torres-Ramos CA,Yoder BL,Burgers PM,Prakash S,Prakash L

更新日期：1996-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:We have identified a cDNA from a human phytohemagglutinin-activated lymphoblast library encoding a protein that binds 125I-labeled human interleukin 12 (125I-huIL-12) with a Kd of about 5 nM when expressed in COS-7 cells. When coexpressed in COS-7 cells with the previously identified IL-12 beta receptor (IL-12R beta) ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Presky DH,Yang H,Minetti LJ,Chua AO,Nabavi N,Wu CY,Gately MK,Gubler U

更新日期：1996-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Agrobacterium is a unique model system as well as a major biotechnological tool for genetic manipulation of plant cells. It is still unknown, however, whether host cellular factors exist that are limiting for infection, and whether their overexpression in plant cells can increase the efficiency of the infection. Here,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tzfira T,Vaidya M,Citovsky V

更新日期：2002-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with MLL gene rearrangements is characterized by early pre-B phenotype (CD10(-)/CD19(+)) and poor treatment outcome. The t(4;11), creating MLL-AF4 chimeric transcripts, is the predominant 11q23 chromosome translocation in infant ALL and is associated with extremely poor progno...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taki T,Kano H,Taniwaki M,Sako M,Yanagisawa M,Hayashi Y

更新日期：1999-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Defining the links between cell division and DNA replication is essential for understanding normal cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis. In this report we explore the effect of phosphorylation of cell division cycle 6 (Cdc6), a DNA replication initiation factor, by polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) on the regulation of ch...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yim H,Erikson RL

更新日期：2010-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The isolated beta subunit of hemoglobin Kansas has an oxygen affinity that is as low relative to the oxygen affinity of the beta(A) subunit as the affinity of hemoglobin Kansas is low relative to hemoglobin A. Thus the low affinity properties of hemoglobin Kansas are almost completely reflected in the properties of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Riggs A,Gibson QH

更新日期：1973-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The technique of single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) was used to screen a series of 37 established colorectal cell lines, 22 fresh tumor samples, and 22 normal DNA samples for mutations in the beta 2-microglobulin gene. Exon 1 (including the leader peptide sequence) and exon 2 were screened separately. Six ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bicknell DC,Rowan A,Bodmer WF

更新日期：1994-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Homologs of the chromatin-bound yeast silent information regulator 2 (SIR2) protein are found in organisms from all biological kingdoms. SIR2 itself was originally discovered to influence mating-type control in haploid cells by locus-specific transcriptional silencing. Since then, SIR2 and its homologs have been sugge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Landry J,Sutton A,Tafrov ST,Heller RC,Stebbins J,Pillus L,Sternglanz R

更新日期：2000-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorpromazine (3 x 10(-4)M) prevents the stimulation of adenyl cyclase activity in thyroid membranes produced by thyrotropin and prostaglandin, ACTH stimulation of adenyl cyclase in adrenal tissue, and glucagon- and epinephrine-stimulation of adenyl cyclase activity in liver. Baseline activity is unaffected. Parathyr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolff J,Jones AB

更新日期：1970-02-01 00:00:00