miR-34/449 miRNAs are required for motile ciliogenesis by repressing cp110.

abstract：:Tectal polarity for retinal connections remains reversible long after the anatomical pattern of neural structures has been determined. Cells in the diencephalon seem to control this polarity. Following certain embryonic operations, the diencephalon developed behind the tectum. In such cases, the polarity of the retino...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chung SH,Cooke J

更新日期：1975-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:X-chromosome inactivation results in the strictly cis-limited inactivation of many but not all genes on one of the two X chromosomes during early development in somatic cells of mammalian females. One feature of virtually all models of X inactivation is the existence of an X-inactivation centre (XIC) required in cis f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brown CJ,Lafreniere RG,Powers VE,Sebastio G,Ballabio A,Pettigrew AL,Ledbetter DH,Levy E,Craig IW,Willard HF

更新日期：1991-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Chameleons are arboral lizards that spot their prey visually and catch it by highly precise shots with their long sticky tongue. They scan their environment by large-amplitude independent saccadic eye movements; once an insect is detected, the head axis is aligned towards the target ('head tracking', both eyes come fo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ott M,Schaeffel F

更新日期：1995-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of the genes that control the early events of Drosophila embryogenesis is providing details of the molecular processes underlying the positional specification of cells. There are two distinct phases: the first precedes the cellularization of the blastoderm embryo and is associated with a cascade of interactio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ingham PW

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nutrient signalling integrates and coordinates gene expression, metabolism and growth. However, its primary molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood in plants and animals. Here we report unique Ca2+ signalling triggered by nitrate with live imaging of an ultrasensitive biosensor in Arabidopsis leaves and ro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu KH,Niu Y,Konishi M,Wu Y,Du H,Sun Chung H,Li L,Boudsocq M,McCormack M,Maekawa S,Ishida T,Zhang C,Shokat K,Yanagisawa S,Sheen J

更新日期：2017-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Necroptosis has emerged as an important pathway of programmed cell death in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, immunity and inflammation. RIPK1 is implicated in inflammatory and cell death signalling and its kinase activity is believed to drive RIPK3-mediated necroptosis. Here we show that kinase-independent s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dannappel M,Vlantis K,Kumari S,Polykratis A,Kim C,Wachsmuth L,Eftychi C,Lin J,Corona T,Hermance N,Zelic M,Kirsch P,Basic M,Bleich A,Kelliher M,Pasparakis M

更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Red colobus are one of a small number of primate species in which females have been reported to transfer between breeding groups more commonly than males. Several authors have hypothesised that in such species transference may serve to reduce the risk to females of producing offspring of lower fitness through inbreedi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Marsh CW

更新日期：1979-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Truncation of the tumour suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) constitutively activates the Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway. Apc has a role in development: for example, embryos of mice with truncated Apc do not complete gastrulation. To understand this role more fully, we examined the effect of truncated Apc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hurlstone AF,Haramis AP,Wienholds E,Begthel H,Korving J,Van Eeden F,Cuppen E,Zivkovic D,Plasterk RH,Clevers H

更新日期：2003-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A fundamental tenet of cerebellar learning theories asserts that climbing fibre afferents from the inferior olive provide a teaching signal that promotes the gradual adaptation of movements. Data from several forms of motor learning provide support for this tenet. In pavlovian eyelid conditioning, for example, where a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Medina JF,Nores WL,Mauk MD

更新日期：2002-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal tract maintains proper function by replacing aged cells with freshly produced cells that arise from a population of self-renewing intestinal stem cells (ISCs). In the mammalian intestine, ISC self renewal, amplification and differentiation take place along the crypt-villus axis, and are controlled by th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Takashima S,Mkrtchyan M,Younossi-Hartenstein A,Merriam JR,Hartenstein V

更新日期：2008-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:At birth the trans-placental nutrient supply is suddenly interrupted, and neonates face severe starvation until supply can be restored through milk nutrients. Here, we show that neonates adapt to this adverse circumstance by inducing autophagy. Autophagy is the primary means for the degradation of cytoplasmic constitu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kuma A,Hatano M,Matsui M,Yamamoto A,Nakaya H,Yoshimori T,Ohsumi Y,Tokuhisa T,Mizushima N

更新日期：2004-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer control by adaptive immunity involves a number of defined death and clearance mechanisms. However, efficient inhibition of exponential cancer growth by T cells and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) requires additional undefined mechanisms that arrest cancer cell proliferation. Here we show that the combined action of the T-...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Braumüller H,Wieder T,Brenner E,Aßmann S,Hahn M,Alkhaled M,Schilbach K,Essmann F,Kneilling M,Griessinger C,Ranta F,Ullrich S,Mocikat R,Braungart K,Mehra T,Fehrenbacher B,Berdel J,Niessner H,Meier F,van den Broek M,

更新日期：2013-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is a newly identified nucleotide which can release calcium from a variety of cells, suggesting it is a messenger for mobilizing internal Ca2+ stores. Its cyclic structure has now been confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Available results are consistent with it being a modulator of Ca(2+)-indu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lee HC,Aarhus R,Graeff R,Gurnack ME,Walseth TF

更新日期：1994-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The retina in most mammals contains two types of macroglial cells--Müller cells, which span the entire thickness of the retina, and astrocytes, which are mainly confined to the nerve fibre layer. Whereas Müller cells are diffusely distributed in all vertebrate retinae, the presence and distribution of retinal astrocyt...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Watanabe T,Raff MC

更新日期：1988-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are highly polymorphic cell-surface glycoproteins that present antigenic peptides to CD4+ T lymphocytes. The normal assembly of class II molecules with cognate peptides for antigen presentation requires an accessory function provided by a gene mapping to the cl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fling SP,Arp B,Pious D

更新日期：1994-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Early-life dietary transitions reflect fundamental aspects of primate evolution and are important determinants of health in contemporary human populations. Weaning is critical to developmental and reproductive rates; early weaning can have detrimental health effects but enables shorter inter-birth intervals, which inf...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Austin C,Smith TM,Bradman A,Hinde K,Joannes-Boyau R,Bishop D,Hare DJ,Doble P,Eskenazi B,Arora M

更新日期：2013-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Although it has been proposed that the activation of T lymphocytes is mediated by an early rise in cytosolic calcium concentration, it has not been possible to mimic antigen- or mitogen-induced mouse lymphocyte activation by calcium ionophores that bypass receptor-mediated processes. There is now evidence from other s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Truneh A,Albert F,Golstein P,Schmitt-Verhulst AM

更新日期：1985-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-volcanic tremor is a weak, extended duration seismic signal observed episodically on some major faults, often in conjunction with slow slip events. Such tremor may hold the key to understanding fundamental processes at the deep roots of faults, and could signal times of accelerated slip and hence increased seismic...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shelly DR,Beroza GC,Ide S

更新日期：2007-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Seasonal influenza epidemics are a major public health concern, causing tens of millions of respiratory illnesses and 250,000 to 500,000 deaths worldwide each year. In addition to seasonal influenza, a new strain of influenza virus against which no previous immunity exists and that demonstrates human-to-human transmis...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ginsberg J,Mohebbi MH,Patel RS,Brammer L,Smolinski MS,Brilliant L

更新日期：2009-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans and cats can localize a sound source accurately if its spectrum is fairly broad and flat, as is typical of most natural sounds. However, if sounds are filtered to reduce the width of the spectrum, they result in illusions of sources that are very different from the actual locations, particularly in the up/down ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu L,Furukawa S,Middlebrooks JC

更新日期：1999-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Surgical, pharmacological and genetic lesion studies have revealed distinct anatomical sites involved with different forms of learning. Studies of patients with localized brain damage and work in rodent model systems, for example, have shown that the hippocampal formation participates in acquisition of declarative tas...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dubnau J,Grady L,Kitamoto T,Tully T

更新日期：2001-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The 2.2 A crystal structure of activated rod transducin, Gt alpha.GTP gamma S, shows the bound GTP gamma S molecule occluded deep in a cleft between a domain structurally homologous to small GTPases and a helical domain unique to heterotrimeric G proteins. The structure, when combined with biochemical and genetic stud...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Noel JP,Hamm HE,Sigler PB

更新日期：1993-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:How long does it take a random walker to reach a given target point? This quantity, known as a first-passage time (FPT), has led to a growing number of theoretical investigations over the past decade. The importance of FPTs originates from the crucial role played by first encounter properties in various real situation...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Condamin S,Bénichou O,Tejedor V,Voituriez R,Klafter J

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insect eyes have an anti-reflective coating, owing to nanostructures on the corneal surface creating a gradient of refractive index between that of air and that of the lens material1,2. These nanocoatings have also been shown to provide anti-adhesive functionality3. The morphology of corneal nanocoatings are very dive...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kryuchkov M,Bilousov O,Lehmann J,Fiebig M,Katanaev VL

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The CD4 subset of cells displays helper/inducer activity and recognizes class II antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), while the CD8 subset recognizes class I MHC antigens and exhibits cytotoxic or suppressor function. Considerable functional as well as corresponding phenotypic heterogeneity exists w...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Morimoto C,Rudd CE,Letvin NL,Schlossman SF

更新日期：1987-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:A kinase distinct from the MEK activator Raf, termed MEK kinase-1 (MEKK), was originally identified by virtue of its homology to kinases involved in yeast mating signal cascades. Like Raf, MEKK is capable of activating MEK in vitro. High-level expression of MEKK in COS-7 cells or using vaccinia virus vectors also acti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yan M,Dai T,Deak JC,Kyriakis JM,Zon LI,Woodgett JR,Templeton DJ

更新日期：1994-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Flash spectra of the total solar eclipse throughout all its phases have been obtained in the extreme ultraviolet for the first time. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Speer RJ,Garton WR,Morgan JF,Nicholls RW,Goldberg L,Parkinson WH,Reeves EM,Jones TJ,Paxton HJ,Shenton DB,Wilson R

更新日期：1970-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a method for calculating the stability in water of protein structures, starting from their atomic coordinates. The contribution of each protein atom to the solvation free energy is estimated as the product of the accessibility of the atom to solvent and its atomic solvation parameter. Applications of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Eisenberg D,McLachlan AD

更新日期：1986-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In the fasted state, increases in circulating glucagon promote hepatic glucose production through induction of the gluconeogenic program. Triggering of the cyclic AMP pathway increases gluconeogenic gene expression via the de-phosphorylation of the CREB co-activator CRTC2 (ref. 1). Glucagon promotes CRTC2 dephosphoryl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wang Y,Li G,Goode J,Paz JC,Ouyang K,Screaton R,Fischer WH,Chen J,Tabas I,Montminy M

更新日期：2012-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutational activation of BRAF is the most prevalent genetic alteration in human melanoma, with ≥50% of tumours expressing the BRAF(V600E) oncoprotein. Moreover, the marked tumour regression and improved survival of late-stage BRAF-mutated melanoma patients in response to treatment with vemurafenib demonstrates the ess...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Das Thakur M,Salangsang F,Landman AS,Sellers WR,Pryer NK,Levesque MP,Dummer R,McMahon M,Stuart DD

更新日期：2013-02-14 00:00:00