Abstract:
:The ten-eleven-translocation 5-methylcytosine dioxygenase (TET) family of enzymes catalyzes the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), a modified cytosine base that facilitates gene expression. Cells respond to hypoxia by inducing a transcriptional program regulated in part by oxygen-dependent dioxygenases that require Fe(II) and α-ketoglutarate. Given that the TET enzymes also require these cofactors, we hypothesized that the TETs regulate the hypoxia-induced transcriptional program. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia increases global 5-hmC levels, with accumulation of 5-hmC density at canonical hypoxia response genes. A subset of 5-hmC gains colocalize with hypoxia response elements facilitating DNA demethylation and HIF binding. Hypoxia results in transcriptional activation of TET1, and full induction of hypoxia-responsive genes and global 5-hmC increases require TET1. Finally, we show that 5-hmC increases and TET1 upregulation in hypoxia are HIF-1 dependent. These findings establish TET1-mediated 5-hmC changes as an important epigenetic component of the hypoxic response.
journal_name
Cell Repjournal_title
Cell reportsauthors
Mariani CJ,Vasanthakumar A,Madzo J,Yesilkanal A,Bhagat T,Yu Y,Bhattacharyya S,Wenger RH,Cohn SL,Nanduri J,Verma A,Prabhakar NR,Godley LAdoi
10.1016/j.celrep.2014.04.040subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-12 00:00:00pages
1343-1352issue
5issn
2211-1247pii
S2211-1247(14)00342-8journal_volume
7pub_type
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