Abstract：
:Small noncoding RNAs that are 19-23 nucleotides long, known as microRNAs (miRNAs), are involved in almost all biological mechanisms during carcinogenesis. Recent studies show that miRNAs released from live cells are detectable in body fluids and may be taken up by other cells to confer cell-cell communication. These released miRNAs (here referred to as extracellular miRNAs) are often protected by RNA-binding proteins or embedded inside circulating microvesicles. Due to their relative stability, extracellular miRNAs are believed to be promising candidates as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of disease, or even as therapeutic agents for targeted treatment. In this review, we first describe biogenesis and characteristics of these miRNAs. We then summarize recent publications involving extracellular miRNA profiling studies in three representative urologic cancers, including: prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. We focus on the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential of these miRNAs in biological fluids, such as serum, plasma, and urine. Finally, we discuss advantages and challenges of these miRNAs in clinical applications.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Huang X,Liang M,Dittmar R,Wang Ldoi
10.3390/ijms140714785subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-07-16 00:00:00pages
14785-99issue
7issn
1422-0067pii
ijms140714785journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease resulting in the destruction of insulin producing β-cells of the pancreas, with consequent insulin deficiency and excessive glucose production. Hyperglycemia results in increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) with conse...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20102441
更新日期：2019-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:δ-Tocotrienol, an important component of vitamin E, has been reported to possess some physiological functions, such as anticancer and anti-inflammation, however their molecular mechanisms are not clear. In this study, δ-tocotrienol was isolated and purified from rice bran. The anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19103022
更新日期：2018-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:As the first crucial barrier in the midgut of insects, the peritrophic membrane (PM) plays an important role in preventing external invasion. PM proteins, as the major components of the PM, determine the structure and function of this membrane. A new PM protein, named LstiCBP, from the PM of Loxostege sticticalis larv...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms151019147
更新日期：2014-10-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) originates from the progression of either a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or differentiated-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN), often in a background of lichen sclerosus (LS). The mechanisms leading to the progression of these premalignant lesions to ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21144880
更新日期：2020-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Kidney transplant recipients frequently suffer from skin infections and malignancies, possibly due to the effects of long-term immunosuppressive therapy. While the relationships between immunosuppression and these pathological conditions have been widely investigated, little is known about the relative incidence and c...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17081362
更新日期：2016-08-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymer supported dichlorophosphate (PEG-OPOCl(2)) is an efficient green catalyst for the electrophilic substitution reaction of indole with aromatic aldehydes, in neat condition, to afford an excellent yield of bis(indolyl) methanes with short reaction time, at room temperature. The synthesized compounds and their an...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms14011843
更新日期：2013-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Innate and adaptive immunity are both involved in acute and chronic inflammatory processes. The main cellular players in the innate immune system are macrophages, mast cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and natural killer (NK), which offer antigen-independent defense against infection. Helicobacter pylo...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17010109
更新日期：2016-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemerin (CHEM) may act as an important link integrating energy homeostasis and reproductive functions of females, and its actions are mediated by three receptors: chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), G protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPR1), and C-C motif chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2). The aim of the current study was ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20163887
更新日期：2019-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The G protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1R) and type 2 (CB2R), and their endocannabinoid (eCBs) ligands, have been implicated in several aspects of brain wiring during development. Here we aim to assess whether interfering with CB1R affects development, neuritogenesis and pathfinding of GnRH and AgRP neu...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21010168
更新日期：2019-12-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Broiler breeder hens with efficient feed conversion rate under restricted feed intake (R-hens) or allowed unlimited access to feed (Ad-hens) progressed with cardiac functional failure and suffered early sudden death. A supplement of 69 μg 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3)/kg feed improved heart health and rescued l...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21218379
更新日期：2020-11-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial cells (ECs) that line the lumen of blood vessels are important players in blood vessel formation, and EC migration is a key component of the angiogenic process. Thus, identification of genes that are specifically or preferentially expressed in vascular ECs and in-depth understanding of their biological fun...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms13044920
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogen nuclear receptors, represented by the canonical forms ERα66 and ERβ1, are the main mediators of the estrogen-dependent pathophysiology in mammals. However, numerous isoforms have been identified, stimulating unconventional estrogen response pathways leading to complex cellular and tissue responses. The estrog...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21114116
更新日期：2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The conformation spaces generated by short hydrophobic-hydrophilic (HP) lattice chains are mapped to conformation space networks (CSNs). The vertices (nodes) of the network are the conformations and the links are the transitions between them. It has been found that these networks have "small-world" properties without ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms10041808
更新日期：2009-04-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Proliferation and apoptosis are important physiological processes of preadipocytes. Rev-erbα is a circadian clock gene, and its activity contributes to several physiological processes in various cells. Previous studies demonstrated that Rev-erbα promotes preadipocyte differentiation, but a role of Rev-erbα on preadipo...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20184524
更新日期：2019-09-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormal filamentous aggregates that are formed by tangled tau protein turn out to be classic amyloid fibrils, meeting all the criteria defined under the fuzzy oil drop model in the context of amyloid characterization. The model recognizes amyloids as linear structures where local hydrophobicity minima and maxima prop...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19102910
更新日期：2018-09-25 00:00:00
abstract：:A large percentage of primary sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) contain neuropeptides such as tachykinins or calcitonin gene-related peptide. Neuropeptides released from the central terminals of primary afferents sensitize the secondary nociceptive neurons in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), but als...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21082938
更新日期：2020-04-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but underlying mechanisms are not clear. We analyzed peripheral clearance of amyloid β (Aβ) in overweight mice because its systemic elimination may impact brain Aβ load, a major landmark of AD pathology. We also analyzed whether circulating insulin-like growth fac...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21249675
更新日期：2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) from liquid biopsies are under current investigation in several cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) but face significant drawbacks in terms of non-standardised methodology, low viable cell numbers and accuracy of CTC identification. In this pilot study, we report that che...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21134813
更新日期：2020-07-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Ammonium trichloro[1,2-ethanediolato-O,O']-tellurate (AS101) is the most important synthetic Te compound from the standpoint of its biological activity. It is a potent immunomodulator with a variety of potential therapeutic applications and antitumoral action in several preclinical and clinical studies. An experimenta...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms15023287
更新日期：2014-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Pre-mRNA splicing is an essential mechanism for ensuring integrity of the transcriptome in eukaryotes. Therefore, splicing deficiency might cause a decrease in functional proteins and the production of nonfunctional, aberrant proteins. To prevent the production of such aberrant proteins, eukaryotic cells have several ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21228799
更新日期：2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) is limited by its penetration depth due to the photosensitizer and light source. In this study, we developed X-ray induced photodynamic therapy that applied X-ray as the light source to activate Ce-doped CaCO₃ (CaCO₃:Ce) to generate an intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20051148
更新日期：2019-03-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken to develop a rat model for monitoring the early development of breast cancer. Twelve female rats were divided into two groups of six rats that were either treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea to induce breast cancer or with bacterial lipopolysaccharide to induce inflammation. Serum samp...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms12021030
更新日期：2011-02-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial adhesion to the calcium phosphate surface is a serious problem in surgery. To prevent bacterial infection, the development of calcium-phosphate cements (CPCs) with bactericidal properties is indispensable. The aim of this study was to fabricate antibacterial CPCs and evaluate their biological properties. Sil...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21113745
更新日期：2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic, inflammatory processes that affect the gastrointestinal tract and are mainly represented by ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Omega 3 (ω3) fatty acids (eicosapentanoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) show an indispensable role in the inflammatory processes ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20194851
更新日期：2019-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Double-spikes Phalaenopsis orchids have greater market value than those with single-spike. In this study, a gene designated as Spike Activator 1 (SPK1), which encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, was isolated and characterized from Phalaenopsis aphrodite (moth orchid). SPK1 was highly expresse...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20215406
更新日期：2019-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Ceramide and diacylglycerol are linked to insulin resistance in rodents, but in humans the data are inconsistent. Insulin resistance is frequently observed with aging, but the role of ceramide and diacylglycerol is not clarified. Training improves metabolic health and, therefore, we aimed to elucidate the influence of...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20051240
更新日期：2019-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Liquid biopsy-based methods to test biomarkers (e.g., serum proteins and extracellular vesicles) may help to monitor brain tumors. In this proteomics-based study, we aimed to identify a characteristic protein fingerprint associated with central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Overall, 96 human serum samples were obtained...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21155359
更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, ongoing interest in ischemic brain injury research has provided data showing that ischemic episodes are involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology. Brain ischemia is the second naturally occurring neuropathology, such as Alzheimer's disease, which causes the death of neuron...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19124002
更新日期：2018-12-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Various strategies have been employed to speed tissue regeneration using bioactive molecules. Interestingly, platelet concentrates derived from a patient's own blood have been utilized as a regenerative strategy in recent years. In the present study, a novel liquid platelet formulation prepared without the use of anti...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18020331
更新日期：2017-02-04 00:00:00
abstract：:In this work, we studied the antimicrobial properties of a nanocomposite system based on a lactose-substituted chitosan and silver nanoparticles: Chitlac-nAg. Twofold serial dilutions of the colloidal Chitlac-nAg solution were both tested on Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus oralis planktoni...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms140713615
更新日期：2013-06-28 00:00:00
