Abstract：
:Double-spikes Phalaenopsis orchids have greater market value than those with single-spike. In this study, a gene designated as Spike Activator 1 (SPK1), which encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, was isolated and characterized from Phalaenopsis aphrodite (moth orchid). SPK1 was highly expressed in the meristematic tissues. In the axillary bud, SPK1 was highly upregulated by a moderately low temperature of 20 °C but downregulated by a spike inhibition temperature of 30 °C. SPK1 protein is localized in the nucleus. Another bHLH, bHLH35, which is also highly expressed in young tissues in the same way as SPK1 was also identified. In contrast to SPK1, bHLH35 transcripts are downregulated at 20 °C but upregulated at 30 °C. Bimolecular florescence complementation assay and yeast two-hybrid assays indicated that SPK1 interacts with bHLH35 and forms a heterodimer. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed that 7 out of 15 vector control plants produced double spikes but that only 1 out of 15 VIGS-spk1 plants produced double spikes. RT-qPCR results indicated that VIGS-spk1 downregulated gene expression levels of SPK1, FT, CYCB, and EXPA8. Overall, we propose that SPK1 plays an essential role in early axillary bud development and spike initiation of P. aphrodite.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Lin YJ,Li MJ,Hsing HC,Chen TK,Yang TT,Ko SSdoi
10.3390/ijms20215406subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-30 00:00:00issue
21issn
1422-0067pii
ijms20215406journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is one of the mechanisms of apoptotic cell death. Inhibiting the apoptosis induced by ERS may be a novel therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases. Icariin, a flavonoid isolated from Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, has been demonstrated to have cardiovascular protective effects, but...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：:donor⁻acceptorDonor⁻acceptor⁻π⁻acceptor⁻donor (D1-A1-π-A2/A3-D2)-type small molecules, such TPA-MC-2 and TPA-MC-3, were designed and synthesized starting from donor-substituted alkynes (TPA-MC-1) via [2 + 2] cycloaddition-retroelectrocyclization reaction with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimeth...
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms14010411
更新日期：2012-12-24 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms161126004
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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