Dependence of the rates of dissolution of the Fe4S4 clusters of Chromatium vinosum high-potential iron protein and ferredoxin on cluster oxidation state.

abstract：:Ferredoxin was isolated from individual Leucaena glauca trees, and the distribution of amino acids at three of the four sites of sequence heterogeneity was determined. The results indicated that the most probable causes of the observed microheterogeneity are the presence of either nonallelic nuclear genes or differing...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benson AM,Yasunobu KT

更新日期：1969-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An oligomeric intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of peptidoglycan was isolated from B. megaterium. The oligomer has been identified as [disaccharide(pentapeptide)]12 pyrophosphoryl undecaprenol. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fuchs-Cleveland E,Gilvarg C

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein ubiquitination plays an important role in ATP-dependent protein turnover, and it also may regulate other cellular events. Covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins is catalyzed by three different enzymes, E1, E2, and E3. We have previously shown that protein ubiquitination can be regulated by phosphor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kong SK,Chock PB

更新日期：1994-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A detailed conformational analysis of the known crystal structures of vitamin A, carotenoid, and xanthenoid derivatives has been made. These studies suggest that the visual chromophore 11-cis retinal and its isomers may each occur in several different conformational states, which would be expected to have different li...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sundaralingam M,Beddell C

更新日期：1972-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Postnatal development and adult function of the central nervous system are dependent on the capacity of neurons to effect long-term changes of specific properties in response to neural activity. This neuronal response has been demonstrated to be tightly correlated with the expression of a set of regulatory genes which...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaufmann WE,Worley PF,Pegg J,Bremer M,Isakson P

更新日期：1996-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteoclasts, bone-resorptive multinucleated cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells, are associated with many bone-related diseases, such as osteoporosis. Osteoclast-targeting small-molecule inhibitors are valuable tools for studying osteoclast biology and for developing antiresorptive agents. Here, we have discov...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawatani M,Okumura H,Honda K,Kanoh N,Muroi M,Dohmae N,Takami M,Kitagawa M,Futamura Y,Imoto M,Osada H

更新日期：2008-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Single strands of DNA serve, in rare instances, as promoters for transcription; duplex DNA promoters with individual strands that also have a promoter capacityfunction have not been described. We show that the nontranscribed strand of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae U6 snRNA gene directs transcription initiation factor I...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schroder O,Geiduschek EP,Kassavetis GA

更新日期：2003-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding biological and physical processes involving nucleic acids, such as the binding of proteins to DNA and RNA, DNA condensation, and RNA folding, requires an understanding of the ion atmosphere that surrounds nucleic acids. We have used a simple model DNA system to determine how the ion atmosphere modulates ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bai Y,Das R,Millett IS,Herschlag D,Doniach S

更新日期：2005-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:From 1980 to 1992, a series of influential papers reported on the discovery, genetics, and evolution of a periodic cycling of the interval between Drosophila male courtship song pulses. The molecular mechanisms underlying this periodicity were never described. To reinitiate investigation of this phenomenon, we previou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stern DL,Clemens J,Coen P,Calhoun AJ,Hogenesch JB,Arthur BJ,Murthy M

更新日期：2017-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Actin polymerization provides a powerful propulsion force for numerous types of cell motility. Although tremendous progress has been made in identifying the biochemical components necessary for actin-based motility, the precise biophysical mechanisms of force generation remain unclear. To probe the polymerization forc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Upadhyaya A,Chabot JR,Andreeva A,Samadani A,van Oudenaarden A

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The capacity of a so-called male recombination (MR) chromosome in Drosophila melanogaster to generate mutations at 14 X-chromosome loci specifying visible phenotypes was investigated. Appreciable increases in mutation were found at three loci y, sn, and ras. Tests of represnetative mutants generated at each locus esta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Green MM

更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many groups of insects are specialists in exploiting sensory cues to locate food resources or conspecifics. To achieve orientation, bees and ants analyze the polarization pattern of the sky, male moths orient along the females' odor plume, and cicadas, grasshoppers, and crickets use acoustic signals to locate singing ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poulet JF,Hedwig B

更新日期：2005-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA photolyase is a pyrimidine-dimer repair enzyme that uses visible light. Photolyase generally contains two chromophore cofactors. One is a catalytic cofactor directly contributing to the repair of a pyrimidine-dimer. The other is a light-harvesting cofactor, which absorbs visible light and transfers energy to the c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Komori H,Masui R,Kuramitsu S,Yokoyama S,Shibata T,Inoue Y,Miki K

更新日期：2001-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Underacetylation of histone H4 is thought to be involved in the molecular mechanism of mammalian X chromosome inactivation, which is an important model system for large-scale genetic control in eukaryotes. However, it has not been established whether histone underacetylation plays a critical role in the multistep inac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wakefield MJ,Keohane AM,Turner BM,Graves JA

更新日期：1997-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The highly selective alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist prazosin was used to identify binding sites having alpha-adrenergic specificity in rat hepatic plasma membranes. Solubilization of the membrane-bound receptors was achieved by incubation with the nonionic detergent digitonin, and binding activity was assayed ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Graham RM,Hess HJ,Homcy CJ

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of antibodies to extravasate out of blood vessels is critical for therapeutic activity, because molecular targets for most diseases are located outside of the endothelial lining. By performing detailed biodistribution studies with a novel IL9-armed cancer-specific antibody, we identified a clear correlatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Venetz D,Hess C,Lin CW,Aebi M,Neri D

更新日期：2015-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cell (DC) lectins mediate the recognition, uptake, and processing of antigens, but they can also be coopted by pathogens for infection. These distinct activities depend upon the routing of antigens within the cell. Antigens directed to endosomal compartments are degraded, and the peptides are presented on ma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jarvis CM,Zwick DB,Grim JC,Alam MM,Prost LR,Gardiner JC,Park S,Zimdars LL,Sherer NM,Kiessling LL

更新日期：2019-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:HLA-G is the putative natural killer (NK) cell inhibitory ligand expressed on the extravillous cytotrophoblast of the human placenta. Killing of the class I negative human B cell line 721.221 by NK cells is inhibited by the expression of HLA-G. This inhibition is dependent on a high level of HLA-G expression. In the p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mandelboim O,Pazmany L,Davis DM,Valés-Gómez M,Reyburn HT,Rybalov B,Strominger JL

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC 533 is a member of the acidophilus group of intestinal lactobacilli that has been extensively studied for their "probiotic" activities that include, pathogen inhibition, epithelial cell attachment, and immunomodulation. To gain insight into its physiology and identify genes potentially invo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pridmore RD,Berger B,Desiere F,Vilanova D,Barretto C,Pittet AC,Zwahlen MC,Rouvet M,Altermann E,Barrangou R,Mollet B,Mercenier A,Klaenhammer T,Arigoni F,Schell MA

更新日期：2004-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The highly productive coastal Mediterranean fishery off the Nile River delta collapsed after the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1965. But the fishery has been recovering dramatically since the mid-1980s, coincident with large increases in fertilizer application and sewage discharge in Egypt. We use stable isotope...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oczkowski AJ,Nixon SW,Granger SL,El-Sayed AF,McKinney RA

更新日期：2009-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants produce a wide range of allelochemicals to defend against herbivore attack, and generalist herbivores have evolved mechanisms to avoid, sequester, or detoxify a broad spectrum of natural defense compounds. Successful arthropod pests have also developed resistance to diverse classes of pesticides and this adapta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dermauw W,Wybouw N,Rombauts S,Menten B,Vontas J,Grbic M,Clark RM,Feyereisen R,Van Leeuwen T

更新日期：2013-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We measured the M-N transition of wild-type bacteriorhodopsin (pH 9, 10 degrees C) by time-resolved x-ray diffraction study at SPring8 BL45XU-A. We confirmed the accumulation of M and N intermediates by absorbance measurements, and we found that the time resolution of x-ray diffraction experiments (244 ms) was suffici...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oka T,Yagi N,Fujisawa T,Kamikubo H,Tokunaga F,Kataoka M

更新日期：2000-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcripts from mitochondrial (maxicircle) genes of kinetoplastid organisms undergo RNA editing characterized by a series of reactions that insert and delete uridine nucleotides within the sequence of the pre-mRNAs. Guide RNAs, which complement fully edited mRNAs, provide the information for the edited sequence by an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Göringer HU,Koslowsky DJ,Morales TH,Stuart K

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thousands of large intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) have been identified in the mammalian genome, many of which have important roles in regulating a variety of biological processes. Here, we used a custom microarray to identify lincRNAs associated with activation of the innate immune response. A panel of 159 lincR...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Z,Chao TC,Chang KY,Lin N,Patil VS,Shimizu C,Head SR,Burns JC,Rana TM

更新日期：2014-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the evolution of a Theory of Mind, we need to understand the selective factors that might have jumpstarted its initial evolution. We argue that a subconscious, reflexive appreciation of others' intentions, emotions, and perspectives is at the roots of even the most complex forms of Theory of Mind and tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seyfarth RM,Cheney DL

更新日期：2013-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Emotional responses, such as fear and anxiety, are fundamentally important behavioral phenomena with strong fitness components in most animal species. Anxiety-related disorders continue to represent a major unmet medical need in our society, mostly because we still do not fully understand the mechanisms of these disea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Choi JH,Jeong YM,Kim S,Lee B,Ariyasiri K,Kim HT,Jung SH,Hwang KS,Choi TI,Park CO,Huh WK,Carl M,Rosenfeld JA,Raskin S,Ma A,Gecz J,Kim HG,Kim JS,Shin HC,Park DS,Gerlai R,Jamieson BB,Kim JS,Iremonger KJ,Lee S

更新日期：2018-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been reported that expression of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS)-associated mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD) induces apoptosis of neuronal cells in culture associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species. SOD recently has been shown to prevent calcineurin inactivation, initiating t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee JP,Palfrey HC,Bindokas VP,Ghadge GD,Ma L,Miller RJ,Roos RP

更新日期：1999-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Transient expression of either alpha or alpha + beta subunits of the high-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (maxi-K) channel has been achieved in COS-1 cells. Expression has been studied using charybdotoxin (ChTX), a peptidyl inhibitor that binds in the pore on the alpha subunit. Although some properties of monoiodotyrosi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hanner M,Schmalhofer WA,Munujos P,Knaus HG,Kaczorowski GJ,Garcia ML

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene therapy of the brain is hindered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents the brain uptake of bloodborne gene formulations. Exogenous genes have been expressed in the brain after invasive routes of administration, such as craniotomy or intracarotid arterial infusion of noxious agents causi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shi N,Pardridge WM

更新日期：2000-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Partial, unilateral nigrostriatal lesions of varying severity were produced in rats by injecting graded doses of 6-hydroxydopamine into the substantia nigra. Formation of the dopamine metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid in each surviving nigrostriatal neuron (estimated by the ratios of dihydro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Melamed E,Hefti F,Wurtman RJ

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00