Abstract：
:Research on stem cells has developed as one of the most promising areas of neurobiology. In the beginning of the 1990s, neurogenesis in the adult brain was indisputably accepted, eliciting great research efforts. Neural stem cells in the adult mammalian brain are located in the 'neurogenic' areas of the subventricular and subgranular zones. Nevertheless, many reports indicate that they subsist in other regions of the adult brain. Adult neural stem cells have arisen considerable interest as these studies can be useful to develop new methods to replace damaged neurons and treat severe neurological diseases such as neurodegeneration, stroke or spinal cord lesions. In particular, a promising field is aimed at stimulating or trigger a self-repair system in the diseased brain driven by its own stem cell population. Here, we will revise the latest findings on the characterization of active and quiescent adult neural stem cells in the main regions of neurogenesis and the factors necessary to maintain their active and resting states, stimulate migration and homing in diseased areas, hoping to outline the emerging knowledge for the promotion of regeneration in the brain based on endogenous stem cells.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Bellenchi GC,Volpicelli F,Piscopo V,Perrone-Capano C,di Porzio Udoi
10.1111/jnc.12084subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
159-67issue
2eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
124pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The distribution of basal and of H2O2-stimulated cyclooxygenase activity in the primary fractions of rat brain homogenates and in the subfractions of crude mitochondrial fraction was studied. For comparison, the localization of H2O2-generating monoamine oxidase (MAO) as well as that of the mitochondrial marker succina...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb11297.x
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural injury due to ischemia and related insults is thought to involve the action of excitatory amino acids at N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, which results in the influx of extracellular Ca2+ and the generation of nitric oxide. Because ethanol inhibits physiologic responses to excitatory amino acids, we examined its...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10111.x
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously purified and characterized a nervous system-specific glycoprotein antigen from adult Drosophila heads, designated Nervana [nerve antigen (NRV)] and identified two separate genes coding for three different proteins. All three proteins share homology with the beta subunits of Na+,K+-ATPase from variou...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71010142.x
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The high concentration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) recently demonstrated in rat ovary prompted us to examine the capacity of ovarian slices to take up [3H]GABA. Active uptake, dependent on temperature and sodium concentration, was observed and a kinetic constant (Km) of 1.0 microM found for the uptake process. O...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb11322.x
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We reported earlier that adenine nucleotides and adenosine inhibit acetylcholine-induced catecholamine secretion from bovine adrenal medulla chromaffin cells. In this article, we used an adenosine analogue, N6-L-phenylisopropyladenosine (PIA), to study the mechanism underlying inhibition of catecholamine secretion by ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08453.x
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Ret receptor tyrosine kinase is the common signaling receptor for the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands. The Met918Thr mutation leads to constitutive activation of Ret and is responsible for dominantly inherited cancer syndrome MEN2B. Previously, we found that the mice carrying the ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05265.x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are present in high density in insect nervous tissue and are targeted by neonicotinoid insecticides. Improved understanding of the actions of these insecticides will assist in the development of new compounds. Here, we have used whole-cell patch-clamp recording of cholinergic...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04084.x
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium signaling in fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester-loaded enteric glia was investigated in response to neuroligands; responses to ATP were studied in detail. Carbachol (1 mM), glutamate (100 microM), norepinephrine (10 microM), and substance P (1 microM) did not increase the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66020604.x
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GM1 ganglioside binding to the crude mitochondrial fraction of rat brain and its effect on (Na+, K+)-ATPase were studied, the following results being obtained: (a) the binding process followed a biphasic kinetics with a break at 50 nM-GM1; GM1 at concentrations below the break was stably associated, while over the bre...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb00462.x
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pretreatment of striatal membranes with N-ethylmaleimide in the presence of a D1-specific agonist inactivated endogenous guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins), but not D1 dopamine receptors, resulting in a loss of high-affinity agonist binding sites. Such D1 receptors were solubilized, mixed with exogenous ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08312.x
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLC-gamma 1) is involved at an early step in signal transduction of many hormones and growth factors and catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 4,5-bisphosphate to diacylglycerol and inositol trisphosphate, two potent intracellular second messenger molecules. The transformation ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03496.x
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), a gasotransmitter, induces neuronal differentiation characterized by neuritogenesis and functional up-regulation of high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels, via activation of T-type Ca(2+) channels in NG108-15 cells. We thus analyzed signaling mechanisms for the H(2)S-evoked neuronal different...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06774.x
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The adenylate cyclase activity of rat hippocampal plasma membranes can be stimulated by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). Low concentrations (10(-9) to 19(-7) M) of 5'-guanylyl-imido diphosphate (GppNHp) evoke a transient inhibition of the enzyme, which is followed by stimulation with increasing GppNHp concentr...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb04818.x
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclic-AMP-binding proteins in membrane and soluble fractions from rat forebrain were compared; membrane fractions included smooth and rough microsomes and a plasma membrane fraction enriched in synaptic membranes. Protein fractions were treated with 8-azido-[32P]cyclic AMP and ultraviolet irradiation to covalently ta...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb00922.x
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) was first identified in a spontaneous mouse mutant showing cerebellar ataxia. In addition to cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs), retinal photoreceptors, mitral cells in the olfactory bulb, and a discrete subpopulation of thalamic neurons also degenerate in the mutant brains. The gene resp...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14591
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelinogenesis in developing rats was studied following chronic dosing with triethyl tin (TET), at a level of 1.0 mg TET/kg body wt/day. Experiments included starved controls with body weights depressed by 17 to 40% to equal those of the TET-treated groups. Rats at ages of 16, 21, and 30 days showed decreases relative...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb02375.x
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein kinase v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT) gene family comprises three human homologs that phosphorylate and inactivate glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta). Studies have reported the genetic association of AKT1 with schizophrenia. Additionally, decreased AKT1 protein expression and the ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04033.x
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When synaptosomes from rat brain were incubated with S-adenosylmethionine (10(-3) M), noradrenaline uptake and KCl-stimulated release were decreased. These effects were dependent on MgCl2, temperature, and incubation time. We have investigated the enzymatic methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine to give phosphatidylc...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb06641.x
更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:K-252b is a kinase inhibitor structurally related to K-252a, which is known to abolish selectively the effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) on PC12 cells and PNS neurons. We tested whether K-252b, K-252a, and staurosporine, another related compound, are effective and selective inhibitors of NGF actions on CNS neurons....
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08243.x
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used both the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization to search for the presence of proteolipid protein (PLP) gene transcripts in the developing mouse. Total brain RNA extracted from 13-19-day embryos, analyzed by PCR, demonstrated the presence of a single transcript that was unambiguously identif...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09378.x
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expression of the carboxyl-terminal fragment (CT) of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) in transgenic animals has been linked with neurotoxicity. However, it remains to be clarified whether the neurotoxicity is caused by beta-amyloid proteins (A betas) derived from CT or by CT itself. To study the in vivo neurot...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71020875.x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Specific D2 binding in rat striatum was characterized and then the effects of chronic disruption of dopaminergic activity on antagonist and agonist binding to these sites were studied. D2 receptors were defined as those sites capable of binding [3H]spiperone in the presence of cinanserin, a 5-HT2 antagonist, but not i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb05388.x
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an n-3 fatty acid, is rapidly deposited during the period of rapid brain development. The influence of n-3 fatty acid deficiency on learning performance in adult rats over two generations was investigated. Rats were fed either an n-3 fatty acid-adequate (n-3 Adq) or -deficient (n-3 Def) die...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0752563.x
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ascorbate is an essential antioxidant in the CNS, localized predominantly in neuronal cytosol. Slices of mammalian brain rapidly lose ascorbate, however, when incubated in ascorbate-free media; brain slices also take up water and swell. Here we investigated water gain in coronal slices of rat forebrain incubated with ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.741263.x
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several epidemiological and preclinical studies suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX), reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and can lower β-amyloid (Aβ) production and inhibit neuroinflammation. However, follow-up clinical trials, mostly using selective ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12059
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) deposition in the brain. Abeta is produced by sequential cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by beta-secretase (BACE1: beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1) and gamma-secretase. Previously, we demonstrated that BACE1 also cleaves beta-galacto...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03595.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environment-induced relapse is a major concern in drug addiction because of the strong associations formed between drug reward and environment. Cocaine-conditioned place preference is an ideal experimental tool to examine adaptations in the molecular pathways that are activated upon re-exposure to an environment previ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05518.x
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We show that the expression of the gene encoding glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) gene is affected by at least three cis-acting elements. A positive regulatory element that is located between nucleotides -1,631 and -1,479 can confer cell type-specific expression on a heterologous gene. A second regulatory elemen...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb03799.x
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbamylcholine stimulated phospholipase C activity in astrocytes in primary culture from the mesencephalon but not from the striatum or cerebral cortex of the mouse embryo. An alpha 1-adrenergic-mediated response was observed in all astrocyte populations. 2-Chloroadenosine potentiated the alpha 1-adrenergic response ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb02551.x
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epinephrine (Epi) mediates various physiological effects via alpha2A-adrenergic receptors (alpha2A-ARs). Studies in mice with a point mutation in the gene for alpha2A-AR have shown that these receptors are responsible for the centrally mediated depressor effects of alpha2-AR agonists. These studies underscore the impo...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70010086.x
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
