Abstract:
:The guidelines for screening of urinary cannabinoids require that all specimens testing positive should be confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at a confirmatory test cutoff value of 15 ng/mL of 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH). To assess the impact of lowering the confirmatory test cutoff value on the diagnostic sensitivity and efficiency of a cannabinoid testing program, the results of 986 confirmation analyses of positive screening tests, conducted in the framework of medical fitness examinations prior to enlistment in the French Gendarmerie between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2009, were retrospectively studied. If the confirmatory test cutoff value of THCCOOH is set at 5 ng/mL instead of 15 ng/mL as recommended by guidelines, the number of confirmed results increases by 25.2%. The positive predictive value of the initial screening test rises from 63.9 to 80.0%. Only one true-positive applicant has appealed. His THCCOOH urinary concentration, which was incompatible with passive cannabis smoke exposure, was confirmed by another laboratory. The use of a confirmatory test cutoff value lower than that recommended significantly increases the diagnostic sensitivity of the screening program for urinary cannabinoids without altering its specificity.
journal_name
J Anal Toxicoljournal_title
Journal of analytical toxicologyauthors
Lecompte Y,Perrin M,Salle S,Roussel Odoi
10.1093/jat/bks067subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-10-01 00:00:00pages
569-74issue
8eissn
0146-4760issn
1945-2403pii
bks067journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A rapid and sensitive solid-phase extraction method for the lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) metabolite 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD (O-H-LSD) was developed for use in a forensic laboratory. The method uses a positive-pressure manifold anion-exchange polymer-based solid-phase extraction with subsequent analysis by liquid chrom...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/27.7.459
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The popularity of designer drugs has increased over the past few years as users seek new, cheap and sometimes "legal" ways to get high. This case report focuses on a case that happened in the City of Henderson, Nevada, which involved the designer drug methoxetamine. Methoxetamine is a psychoactive compound that is str...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkw054
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid, simple, highly sensitive procedure for the simultaneous analysis of bromazepam, alprazolam, clonazepam, lorazepam, oxazepam, diazepam, midazolam, flurazepam, flunitrazepam, nordiazepam, triazolam, temazepam, nitrazepam, and chlordiazepoxide in oral fluid is described, using liquid chromatography coupled to a ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/31.9.596
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report one fatal case of asphyxia caused by leaves of common ivy. Macroscopic examination of the corpse during the autopsy disclosed an incredible quantity of leaves of Hedera helix in the mouth and throat of the decedent. In order to rule out the possibility of poisoning by the toxic saponins contained in the plan...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/27.4.257
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quetiapine fumarate (Seroquel) is a dibenzothiazepine psychotropic agent that was introduced in 1997 for treating psychoses. Quetiapine is being found with increasing frequency in postmortem cases in Virginia. We report the postmortem results and histories of 20 quetiapine cases from the Office of the Chief Medical Ex...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/30.4.287
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method for the simultaneous measurement of buprenorphine and its N-dealkylated metabolite, norbuprenorphine, in human plasma was developed with negative chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine were extracted from biological fluids by solid-phase extraction. The samples were d...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/20.4.229
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In previous experimental studies on heroin metabolites excretion in urine, the first sample was often collected a few hours after intake. In forensic cases, it is sometimes questioned if a positive urine result is expected e.g., 30 min after intake. The aim of this study was to investigate urinary excretion of heroin ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkx017
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of 16 volatile substances (ethyl acetate, 2-propanol, 1-propanol, methanol, acetone, ethanol, acetaldehyde, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, t-butanol, isobutanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-pentanol) were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed through a method develo...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkaa154
更新日期:2020-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Suvorexant (Belsomra®) is a novel dual orexin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of insomnia. The prevalence of suvorexant in forensic samples is relatively unknown, which demonstrates the need for robust analytical assays for the detection of this sedative hypnotic in forensic toxicology laboratories. In this...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkz083
更新日期:2020-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Caffeine is the most widely consumed drug in the world with coffee representing a major source of intake. Despite widespread availability, various medical conditions necessitate caffeine-restricted diets. Patients on certain prescription medications are advised to discontinue caffeine intake. Such admonition has impli...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/30.8.611
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a method that permits the simultaneous analysis of carbamazepine (CBZ) and its major biotransformation products, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZ-E) and carbamazepine-10,11-dihydroxide (CBZ-diOH), in plasma samples. The method consists of plasma extraction in alkaline medium with NaCl added using chloroform...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/16.2.88
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postmortem findings are presented for fourteen cases of Verapamil induced or related deaths. Liver, blood, and stomach concentrations of Verapamil alone or in combination with alcohol or other drugs are given with the age and sex of each victim and with the coroner's findings. The significance of these levels is discu...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/11.4.171
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrocodone in combination with acetaminophen is commonly used to control moderate pain and is metabolized by cytochrome P4502D6 to form the active metabolite, hydromorphone. The purpose of this study was to determine the metabolic relationship and variability between hydrocodone and its conversion to hydromorphone us...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bks019
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 183 random, whole-blood specimens was collected from healthy individuals within the State of Queensland (Australia), and the bromide concentration was determined by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WDXRF). The intensity of the tube Compton scatter line was used to account for differenc...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/22.3.225
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacogenomics is the study of the linkage between an individual's genotype and the disposition of drugs in the body. The first association between adverse drug reactions and inherited variations was recognized in the 1950s, and since then, pharmacogenomics has come a long way. The importance of pharmacogenomics is ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jat/30.2.65
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylhexan-1-one (4'-methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinohexanophenone, MPHP) is a new designer drug that appeared on the illicit drug market. It is mainly metabolized to 4'-hydroxymethyl-alpha-pyrrolidinohexanophenone (HO-MPHP) followed by oxidation to the respective carboxylic acid. For studies on...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/33.4.190
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which combines the separation power of GC with the power of MS for the identification of unknown compounds, possesses high potential in systematic toxicological analysis (STA). Different factors, however, do not allow this potential to be fully exploited. Between them, the...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/20.7.579
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is presented for the positive identification of quinine and quinidine. The method requires extraction of the compounds from an alkaline solution into an organic solvent and concentration of the sample by evaporation of the solvent. The sample is chromatographed without derivatization and may be detected by th...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/5.6.275
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The quantification of drugs of abuse in keratinized matrices is becoming of special relevance for monitoring consumption and for post-mortem investigations. We aimed to implement an analytical method for the simultaneous detection of morphine (MORF), 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), methadone (MET), 2-ethylidene-1,5-dime...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkx099
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exemplars of current commercial breath-alcohol simulators were studied to ascertain their suitability for control tests and as calibrators in breath-alcohol analysis. Temperature, effluent volumes and pressures, effluent-alcohol concentration, and alcohol depletion were measured for simulators coupled with various cur...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/15.5.272
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of methiopropamine (MPA), a synthetic metamfetamine analog, has been detected since 2011 in Europe, but there is limited information on its acute toxicity. A 30-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department in a confused state, with paranoid delusion, auditory and visual hallucinatory experiences, and inco...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkw073
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hop-derived iso-α-acid (IAA) ingredient congeners are specific to beer. Concentrations of IAAs were determined in blood of five volunteers over 6 h following the consumption of small volumes of beer containing relatively high (Pale Ale beer) or low (wheat beer) concentrations of IAAs. IAAs were quickly absorbed with p...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bku038
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study evaluates the suitability of headspace gas chromatography (GC) with a capillary column as a method for determining the ethanol content in different biological fluids. This procedure allows the use of headspace GC not only as a reference method but also in routine diagnostics and monitoring work. The ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/19.4.241
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 24-year-old man known to consume illegal drugs was found dead in his apartment. A reclosable plastic zipper bag containing several hundred milligrams of a brown powder was found close to the dead body and the first assumption of the investigators was death due to heroin intoxication. Therefore, a legal autopsy was o...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkw096
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cocaine is among the illicit substances most frequently implicated in deaths related to the use of drugs of abuse both worldwide and in Italy. Cutting agents involved in the adulterations of this substance are many and the process of lacing can take place at various stages of the production of the drug. In this Report...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkab006
更新日期:2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism of N-benzylpiperazine (BZP), a recently scheduled designer drug, in the rat has been studied by analyzing its urinary metabolites. p-Hydroxy-BZP (p-OH-BZP) was unequivocally identified as the main metabolite along with a minor metabolite m-hydroxy-BZP (m-OH-BZP), using gas chromatography-mass spectromet...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/30.1.38
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of benzodiazepines (BZD) in biological fluids can be a challenging process. The large number of various BZD in pharmaceutical distribution, with similar core structures, and individual metabolic profiles all contribute to a complicated and time-consuming analysis. The purpose of the current study wa...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/32.6.433
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Niflumic acid is a nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drug widely prescribed in Greece. We recently noticed that this drug cross-reacts for cannabinoids in a kinetic interaction of microparticles in a solution (KIMS) immunoassay method but does not in an enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) immunoassay method. ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/34.4.229
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A high-performance liquid chromatographic system based on gradient elution of an alumina packing material coated with polybutadiene is presented. The chromatographic eluent is a mixture of methanol and water, both containing 0.0125M NaOH. The effluent is monitored by photodiode array detection. The system allows detec...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/19.2.73
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An expert system applied as a screening test for amphetamine analogues found in recreational-drug exhibits (tablets or powders) is described. The knowledge base defining the reference Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) spectral patterns has been built according to criteria encompassing toxicological, phar...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/25.1.45
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00