Involvement of the endogenous cannabinoid 2 ligand 2-arachidonyl glycerol in allergic inflammation.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Cannabinoid (CB) 2 is expressed on immune and inflammatory cells. Identification of 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) and anandamide as endogenous CB2 ligands has allowed investigations of the roles of CB2 and its endogenous ligand system in inflammatory cells. However, the roles of this receptor-ligand system in inflammatory and allergic immune responses in vivo have not been fully elucidated. METHODS:Two mouse allergy models, namely ear dermatitis induced by 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene and allergic bronchitis induced by ovalbumin, were analyzed for 2-AG amounts in allergic tissues, with reference to allergic and inflammatory symptoms. To investigate the gene expression via CB2 in inflammatory cells, human promyelocytic HL-60 cells were stimulated by the CB2 ligand 2-AG ether and analyzed using a DNA microarray. RESULTS:In the ear dermatitis model, the 2-AG amount increased upon serial 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene challenges and was correlated with ear weight gain. The increased ear thickness in this allergy model was clearly suppressed in CB2 knockout mice, suggesting that the generated endogenous CB2 ligands induce ear thickness through aberrant inflammatory responses and remodeling mediated via CB2. In the allergic bronchitis model, the 2-AG level in bronchoalveolar lavage was increased and sustained during the elevation of inflammatory cell infiltration. The DNA microarray analysis of human HL-60 cells revealed that 2-AG ether induced expressions of not only inflammatory chemokines/cytokines but also of cell growth factors. CONCLUSION:Our data strongly suggest that endogenous CB2 ligands upregulated upon disease progression in allergic models are involved in aberrant alterations of both inflammatory responses and tissue cell growth.

authors

Mimura T,Oka S,Koshimoto H,Ueda Y,Watanabe Y,Sugiura T

doi

10.1159/000336167

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-01-01 00:00:00

pages

149-56

issue

2

eissn

1018-2438

issn

1423-0097

pii

000336167

journal_volume

159

pub_type

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