Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Modern immunology has been extremely successful in elucidating many features of the immune system, but not in stemming pandemics of non-infectious, immune-related disease associated with industrialized populations. These pandemics involve a broad range of allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases, potentially including neuroinflammatory-associated disorders. It is the purpose of this review to outline the literature pointing toward the causes and potential treatments of these problems. CONCLUSIONS:A wide range of evidence from the fields of clinical medicine, biomedical research, evolutionary biology, anthropology, epidemiology, immunology, and ecology point to the conclusion that pandemics of non-infectious, immune-related conditions arise from consequences of industrialization. Primary among these consequences is the loss of helminths from the ecosystem of the human body, the 'human biome'. In this view, helminths comprise a 'keystone species' of the human biome, and their loss is profoundly felt as pandemics of non-infectious, immune-related disease. Fortunately, evidence indicates that the consequences of industrialization that cause immune disease, such as helminth depletion, can be effectively avoided. Using this approach, it is expected that further pandemics of immune disease may be prevented, although it remains to be established whether prophylaxis rather than treatment of disease is required for some disorders. Thus, it is predicted that those who will succeed in curing and preventing immune-related disease will focus on addressing 'evolutionary mismatches' rather than simply on the molecular and genetic underpinnings of immunological disorders.
journal_name
Curr Med Res Opinjournal_title
Current medical research and opinionauthors
Parker W,Perkins SE,Harker M,Muehlenbein MPdoi
10.1185/03007995.2012.695731subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-07-01 00:00:00pages
1193-202issue
7eissn
0300-7995issn
1473-4877journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE:To compare the efficacy and safety of the concomitant administration of travoprost 0.004% once daily and brinzolamide 0.1% twice daily with those of a fixed combination of latanoprost 0.005%/timolol 0.5% once daily. RESEARCH, DESIGN AND METHODS:Forty-four patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hyp...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/030079904125004529
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate effectiveness and safety information of transdermal fentanyl (TDF) (Duragesic/Durogesic) and sustained-release oral morphine (SRM) in cancer pain (CP) and chronic non-cancer pain (NCP), a pooled analysis was conducted on datasets of published, open label, uncontrolled (no comparator group) and rando...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1185/030079904X2114
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Anemia is a complication of chronic kidney disease and may contribute to adverse clinical outcomes. Early identification and treatment of anemia may improve cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. No large-scale population data are available specifically for patients with chronic kidney disease regarding prev...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1185/030079904X2763
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poor nutritional status may impair well being indirectly as a consequence of increased morbidity and decline in functional status. The aim of this study was to examine the independent effect of body mass index on the well being of older people. Thirty one hospital-based patients over 65 years of age were studied. Well...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by diminished bone strength, which results in an increased risk of fracture. Currently, osteoporosis is a public health priority due to the large number of individuals affected and the detrimental effect on quality of life. Primary osteoporosis, the most commo...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/03007995.2013.838549
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:As evidence grows about the management of hyponatremia, a number of different international and national recommendations/guidelines from professional organizations have recently been published that offer guidance on decision-making. However, they include several important differences that cou...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/03007995.2014.920314
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sufficient time and effective communication are the main requirements in an ideal asthma consultation. One way of using limited time effectively is for patients to be offered more information prior to the consultation. Physician-patient communication during the consultation may be improved by patients receiving, in ad...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/030079905X61749
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin in postmenopausal women with hypercholesterolemia who are receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS:After a 6-week dietary lead-in period, 135 postmenopausal women who had been taking a stab...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/030079904X4167
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In TRITON-TIMI 38, patients with acute coronary syndromes were treated with prasugrel or clopidogrel, with aspirin, for a median of 14.5 (maximum of 15) months. Based on this trial, the EU label for prasugrel recommends treatment for up to 12 months and excludes patients with prior stroke/transient ischemic ...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/03007995.2014.944638
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare injection site pain of subcutaneous (sc) epoetin beta and darbepoetin alfa in adult patients with chronic kidney disease. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:This was a multi-centre, randomised, two-arm, single-blind, cross-over study. Patients were randomised to receive weekly sc darbepoetin alfa 30 mug ...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/03007990802240552
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is currently the only therapeutic approach that preserves visual function in primary open-angle glaucoma. In making treatment decisions for first- and second-line therapy, the clinician needs to provide an appropriate balance of efficacy and tolerability. Prostaglandin ana...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/03007995.2011.613923
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two double-blind randomised trials are reported comparing the effectiveness of the antihistamines, clemastine and chlorpheniramine in comparable doses, in relieving the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. In the first trial, treating 58 adults seen in a general practice, both drugs were prescribed in tablet form; l mg. cle...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/03007997509113659
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In contrast to the trial design of acute mania studies, there is no standard design for bipolar maintenance studies. Over the past 15 years, the design of monotherapy maintenance studies in bipolar disorder has evolved significantly, but recent study designs continue to differ in important ways. SCOPE:We re...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/03007995.2010.489830
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-nine patients undergoing cholecystectomy because of chronic calculous cholecystitis were randomised to receive phenylbutazone 10 mg/kg intramuscularly or a control injection (vehicle-containing local anaesthetic) immediately after completion of surgery. Fibrinogen and plasminogen concentrations in plasma, plasm...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/03007999809113349
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To provide a commentary on recent studies with the new IOP-lowering fixed-combination product brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5%. METHODS:Medline was searched for brinzolamide/timolol fixed-combination clinical literature (up to May 18, 2010) and the current comprehensive brinzolamide/timolol literature was review...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/03007995.2010.517718
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:GOALS OF THE WORK:This open compassionate-use prospective registration study evaluated the tolerability, ease of use and applied doses of transdermal (TTS) fentanyl in adult patients with cancer-related pain requiring strong opioid analgesia. Elderly patients were particularly focussed on. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Previou...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1185/030079902125001272
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To better understand depression's impact on family functioning from the perspectives of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and their partners; to develop and test patient and partner versions of a new self-reported measure, the Depression and Family Functioning Scale (DFFS), for use in clinical tri...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/03007995.2012.658910
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Development of a second primary malignancy (SPM) after an index esophageal cancer is fairly rare, primarily due to decreased survival in patients with esophageal cancer. However, with advances in early detection and therapy, the number of long-term survivors is increasing, as is the incidence of SPMs in this...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/03007995.2013.816276
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was aimed at comparing efficacy and tolerance of a new hydrocolloid dressing containing hyaluronic acid (HC + HA) to a reference hydrocolloid not containing hyaluronic acid (HC) in the treatment of leg ulcers of venous or mixed origin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:This was an open, prospective stud...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/03007990802367041
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a general practice survey of the use of Temazepam 'Planpak' ('Planpak'), 31 participating doctors completed questionnaires on 250 patients. Of these, 228 patients had been taking a variety of 8 benzodiazepine hypnotics prior to 'Planpak' therapy while 22 (8.8%) patients received 'Planpak' as a short course, without...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1185/03007999109111510
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Severe allergic asthma patients may not be controlled even with guideline recommended care, including inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting beta-2 agonists, theophylline, oral steroids and anti-leukotrienes. They experience exacerbations requiring intensive healthcare use and which may be fatal. Omalizumab, a...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/030079906X132389
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To report on the results of a recent large-scale, internet-based survey of the population, prevalence and attributes of pain experience in the United Kingdom (UK), France, Spain, Germany and Italy. METHODS:The results reported here are taken from the internet-based, 2008 National Health and Wellness Survey ...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1185/03007995.2010.542136
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 4-weeks' double-blind, crossover study in 30 patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis is reported using 300 mg ketoprofen per day and 150 mg indomethacin per day. Both drugs had similar effects upon the patients' subjective improvement of pain. Objectively, the results also suggest that ketoprofen ma...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/03007997609111999
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the effects of long-term atomoxetine treatment on sexual development in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as compared with placebo and with a national US survey in non-Hispanic white children and adolescents. METHODS:This double-blind, placebo-controll...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/03007995.2011.599372
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Bisoprolol, a highly cardioselective beta(1)-blocker, is widely used to treat elderly patients with hypertension, coronary artery disease and heart failure. The current literature lacks evidence regarding its potency to prevent atrial fibrillation (AF) following cardiac surgery. Therefore the aim of this stud...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/030079906X115649
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper represents a review, by experts, of current opinion and information on intermittent claudication (IC) and the role that cilostazol plays in its treatment. IC is a common and debilitating condition that has a significant adverse impact on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). It is currently under-recogni...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/030079904X4464
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of pantoprazole 20 mg once daily (o.d.) in relieving epigastric pain associated with ulcer-like functional dyspepsia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study, patients experiencing ulcer-like functional dyspepsia, with epigastric pai...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/03007990802184545
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The glomerular and tubular function of 7 patients with a spectrum of renal impairment was measured before, during and after 4-days' treatment with cefuroxime and gentamicin. Neither the mean plasma urea nor creatinine concentrations of the group increased after combined treatment, nor was the excretion of cefuroxime s...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1185/03007998009109458
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity is one of the major problems of health policy in different countries. Pharmacological attempts have been made to help affected people without a definitive solution. Some agents--either with peripheral or central effect--are available in the market. On July 2012, the FDA approved two novel preparation...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1185/03007995.2014.884494
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind trial of methocarbamol versus placebo was carried out in 59 matched pairs of patients suffering from painful muscle spasm. Methocarbamol (1500 mg. q.d.s.) was found to be effective in approximately 60% of patients compared with 30% of patients receiving placebo (p less than 0.01). Side-effects were of a...
journal_title:Current medical research and opinion
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1185/03007997509114791
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00