Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), IL-1β secretion, and asparagine endopeptidase are critical factors for alveolar macrophage phagocytosis and bacterial killing.

abstract：:The one-sided multipliers of an operator space X are a key to "latent operator algebraic structure" in X. We begin with a survey of these multipliers, together with several of the applications that they have had to operator algebras. We then describe several new results on one-sided multipliers, and new applications, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blecher DP,Zarikian V

更新日期：2004-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The underlying causes of late-Holocene climate variability in the tropics are incompletely understood. Here we report a 1,500-year reconstruction of climate history and glaciation in the Venezuelan Andes using lake sediments. Four glacial advances occurred between anno Domini (A.D.) 1250 and 1810, coincident with sola...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Polissar PJ,Abbott MB,Wolfe AP,Bezada M,Rull V,Bradley RS

更新日期：2006-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Human mitochondria contain their own genome, mitochondrial DNA, that is expressed in the mitochondrial matrix. This genome encodes 13 vital polypeptides that are components of the multisubunit complexes that couple oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The inner mitochondrial membrane that houses these complexes compris...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zorkau M,Albus CA,Berlinguer-Palmini R,Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZMA,Lightowlers RN

更新日期：2021-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A major virulence factor of Plasmodium falciparum is the adherence of parasitized erythrocytes to the wall of postcapillary venules via a specific interaction between parasite-derived erythrocyte surface ligands and receptors on endothelial cells. To study this phenomenon in vitro, we selected a parasite population th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chaiyaroj SC,Coppel RL,Novakovic S,Brown GV

更新日期：1994-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Deep aquifers in South and Southeast Asia are increasingly exploited as presumed sources of pathogen- and arsenic-free water, although little is known of the processes that may compromise their long-term viability. We analyze a large area (>1,000 km(2)) of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, in which arsenic is found pervasive...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Erban LE,Gorelick SM,Zebker HA,Fendorf S

更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular membranes are a heterogeneous mix of lipids, proteins and small molecules. Special groupings enriched in saturated lipids and cholesterol form liquid-ordered domains, known as "lipid rafts," thought to serve as platforms for signaling, trafficking and material transport throughout the secretory pathway. Quest...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ursell TS,Klug WS,Phillips R

更新日期：2009-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Policy folklists present a set of alleged historical facts seen as relevant to some social issue. Although the validity of these folklists is dubious, leaders and writers circulate them in the media, variants arise, and the lists continue on, sometimes for decades. Folklists are repeated because their messages are app...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Neill B

更新日期：2014-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Under steady-state conditions, the immune system is poised to sense and respond to the microbiota. As such, immunity to the microbiota, including T cell responses, is expected to precede any inflammatory trigger. How this pool of preformed microbiota-specific T cells contributes to tissue pathologies remains unclear. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hurabielle C,Link VM,Bouladoux N,Han SJ,Merrill ED,Lightfoot YL,Seto N,Bleck CKE,Smelkinson M,Harrison OJ,Linehan JL,Tamoutounour S,Lionakis MS,Kaplan MJ,Nakajima S,Belkaid Y

更新日期：2020-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Inherited retinal degeneration (RD) is a devastating and currently untreatable neurodegenerative condition that leads to loss of photoreceptor cells and blindness. The vast genetic heterogeneity of RD, the lack of "druggable" targets, and the access-limiting blood-retinal barrier (BRB) present major hurdles toward eff...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vighi E,Trifunović D,Veiga-Crespo P,Rentsch A,Hoffmann D,Sahaboglu A,Strasser T,Kulkarni M,Bertolotti E,van den Heuvel A,Peters T,Reijerkerk A,Euler T,Ueffing M,Schwede F,Genieser HG,Gaillard P,Marigo V,Ekström P,Pa

更新日期：2018-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian CLC proteins function as Cl(-) channels or as electrogenic Cl(-)/H(+) exchangers and are present in the plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles. We now show that the ClC-6 protein is almost exclusively expressed in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems, with a particularly high expression ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poët M,Kornak U,Schweizer M,Zdebik AA,Scheel O,Hoelter S,Wurst W,Schmitt A,Fuhrmann JC,Planells-Cases R,Mole SE,Hübner CA,Jentsch TJ

更新日期：2006-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a potent inducer of differentiation of osteoblasts both in vivo and in vitro. We examined the action of BMP-2 on expression of a helix-loop-helix-type transcription factor, Id (inhibitor of differentiation), in osteoblast-like cells, as well as in osteoblast-enriched cells and p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ogata T,Wozney JM,Benezra R,Noda M

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A purified EcoRI restriction endonuclease fragment that determines resistance to kanamycin and is incapable of self-replication was used to select autonomously replicating fragments from an EcoRI digest of a Salmonella typhimurium F' plasmid containing the chromosomal region believed to include the S. typhimurium orig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zyskind JW,Deen LT,Smith DW

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complementation of the plasmin fragments of reduced-carbamoylmethylated (Cam) human somatotropin (hGH) with those of reduced-carbamoylmethylated human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) have been investigated. It was found that the recombinant obtained by noncovalent interaction of [Cys(Cam)53]hGH-(1-134) with [Cys(Cam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li CH

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Size-selective mortality inevitably leads to a decrease in population density and exerts a direct negative effect on targeted size classes. But density and population size structure are also shaped by food-dependent processes, such as individual growth, maturation, and reproduction. Mortality relaxes competition and t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schröder A,Persson L,de Roos AM

更新日期：2009-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscular dystrophy is a general term encompassing muscle disorders that cause weakness and wasting, typically leading to premature death. Membrane instability, as a result of a genetic disruption within the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), is thought to induce myofiber degeneration, although the downstream mecha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Millay DP,Goonasekera SA,Sargent MA,Maillet M,Aronow BJ,Molkentin JD

更新日期：2009-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The identities between homogeneous expressions in rank 1 vectors and rank n - 1 covectors in a Grassmann-Cayley algebra of rank n, in which one set occurs multilinearly, are shown to represent a set of dimension-independent identities. The theorem yields an infinite set of nontrivial geometric identities from a given ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hawrylycz M

更新日期：1995-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Large-scale analysis of the GC-content distribution at the gene level reveals both common features and basic differences in genomes of different groups of species. Sharp changes in GC content are detected at the transcription boundaries for all species analyzed, including human, mouse, rat, chicken, fruit fly, and wor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang L,Kasif S,Cantor CR,Broude NE

更新日期：2004-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The influx of Ca2+ ions controls many important processes in excitable cells, including the regulation of the gating of Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels (the current IK[Ca]). Various IK[Ca] channels contribute to the regulation of the action-potential waveform, the repetitive discharge of spikes, and the secretion of neur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wisgirda ME,Dryer SE

更新日期：1994-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:A plasmid construct expressing the p66 version of the human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase as a bacterial fusion protein was subjected to in vitro mutagenesis, and the resulting variant proteins were assayed to define the locations of the two major enzymatic activities. The DNA polymerase activity was lo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prasad VR,Goff SP

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence from more than 100 y of research indicates that conscientiousness (C) is the most potent noncognitive construct for occupational performance. However, questions remain about the magnitudes of its effect sizes across occupational variables, its defining characteristics and functions in occupational settings, a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wilmot MP,Ones DS

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The enormous complexity of biological networks has led to the suggestion that networks are built of modules that perform particular functions and are "reused" in evolution in a manner similar to reusable domains in protein structures or modules of electronic circuits. Analysis of known biological networks has revealed...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spirin V,Gelfand MS,Mironov AA,Mirny LA

更新日期：2006-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:A biologically active vitamin D(3) metabolite ("peak V metabolite") more polar than 25-hydroxycholecalciferol has been isolated from chicken intestines in pure form as a mono(trimethylsilyl)ether derivative. The molecule has been identified as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol by means of mass spectrometry, ultraviolet ab...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holick MF,Schnoes HK,DeLuca HF

更新日期：1971-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbohydrate-based vaccines have shown therapeutic efficacy for infectious disease and cancer. The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) containing complex polysaccharides has been used as antitumor supplement, but the mechanism of immune response has rarely been studied. Here, we show that the mice immunized with a l-f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liao SF,Liang CH,Ho MY,Hsu TL,Tsai TI,Hsieh YS,Tsai CM,Li ST,Cheng YY,Tsao SM,Lin TY,Lin ZY,Yang WB,Ren CT,Lin KI,Khoo KH,Lin CH,Hsu HY,Wu CY,Wong CH

更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A fundamental problem in cell biology is to understand how spatial information is recognized and integrated into morphogenetic responses. Budding yeast undergoes differentiation to filamentous growth, which involves changes in cell polarity through mechanisms that remain obscure. Here we define a regulatory input wher...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Basu S,Vadaie N,Prabhakar A,Li B,Adhikari H,Pitoniak A,Chow J,Chavel CA,Cullen PJ

更新日期：2016-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic intervention. However, complete and durable responses are only seen in a fraction of patients who have cancer. A key factor that limits therapeutic success is the infiltration of tumors by cells of the myeloid lineage. The inhibitory receptor signal regulator...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ring NG,Herndler-Brandstetter D,Weiskopf K,Shan L,Volkmer JP,George BM,Lietzenmayer M,McKenna KM,Naik TJ,McCarty A,Zheng Y,Ring AM,Flavell RA,Weissman IL

更新日期：2017-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple model is proposed to account for large increases in transporter-mediated ion flux across cell membranes that are elicited by small fractional changes of cell volume. The model is based upon the concept that, as a result of large excluded volume effects in cytoplasm (macromolecular crowding), the tendency of s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Minton AP,Colclasure GC,Parker JC

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effective management of marine fisheries is an ongoing challenge at the intersection of biology, economics, and policy. One way in which fish stocks-and their habitats-can be protected is through the establishment of marine reserves, areas that are closed to fishing. Although the potential economic benefits of suc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Herrera GE,Moeller HV,Neubert MG

更新日期：2016-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic manipulation of nitrogenase and key glutamate-forming enzymes can provide mutants that excrete fixed N2 as NH4+. A derepressed N2 fxation mutant (SK-24) has been isolated , which excretes up to 20.2 mumol of fixed N2 as NH4+ per mg of cell protein in 24 hr at room temperature. Biochemical analysis shows that t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shanmugam KT,Valentine RC

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulfonated gallium(III) corroles are intensely fluorescent macrocyclic compounds that spontaneously assemble with carrier proteins to undergo cell entry. We report in vivo imaging and therapeutic efficacy of a tumor-targeted corrole noncovalently assembled with a heregulin-modified protein directed at the human epider...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Agadjanian H,Ma J,Rentsendorj A,Valluripalli V,Hwang JY,Mahammed A,Farkas DL,Gray HB,Gross Z,Medina-Kauwe LK

更新日期：2009-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder caused by loss of the protein dystrophin. In humans, DMD has early onset, causes developmental delays, muscle necrosis, loss of ambulation, and death. Current animal models have been challenged by their inability to model the early onset and severity of the disea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hughes KJ,Rodriguez A,Flatt KM,Ray S,Schuler A,Rodemoyer B,Veerappan V,Cuciarone K,Kullman A,Lim C,Gutta N,Vemuri S,Andriulis V,Niswonger D,Barickman L,Stein W,Singhvi A,Schroeder NE,Vidal-Gadea AG

更新日期：2019-02-26 00:00:00