Microbial production of ammonium ion from nitrogen.

abstract：:The levels of c-myc, c-fos, and JE mRNAs accumulate in a biphasic pattern following infection of quiescent BALB/c 3T3 mouse cells with polyomavirus. Maximal levels of c-myc and c-fos mRNAs were seen within 1 hr and were nearly undetectable at 6 hr after infection. At 12 hr after infection mRNA levels were again maxima...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zullo J,Stiles CD,Garcea RL

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ExoU is a type III-secreted cytotoxin expressing A2 phospholipase activity when injected into eukaryotic target cells by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa The enzymatic activity of ExoU is undetectable in vitro unless ubiquitin, a required cofactor, is added to the reaction. The role of ubiquitin in facilitating Ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tessmer MH,Anderson DM,Pickrum AM,Riegert MO,Moretti R,Meiler J,Feix JB,Frank DW

更新日期：2018-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:WIN antiviral compounds bind human rhinovirus, as well as enterovirus and parechovirus, in an internal cavity located within the viral protein capsid. Access to the buried pocket necessitates deviation from the average viral protein structure identified by crystallography. We investigated the dissociation of WIN 52084...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Y,Zhou Z,Post CB

更新日期：2005-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteomics were used to identify the proteins from the eukaryotic unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that can be reduced by thioredoxin. These proteins were retained specifically on a thioredoxin affinity column made of a monocysteinic thioredoxin mutant able to form mixed disulfides with its targets. Of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lemaire SD,Guillon B,Le Maréchal P,Keryer E,Miginiac-Maslow M,Decottignies P

更新日期：2004-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Proper initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the TATA-consensus-binding transcription factor TFIID. A cDNA clone encoding the Drosophila TFIID protein has been isolated and characterized. The deduced amino acid sequence reveals an open reading frame of 353 residues. The carboxyl-terminal 180 amino ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Muhich ML,Iida CT,Horikoshi M,Roeder RG,Parker CS

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High levels of inbreeding cause populations to become composed of homozygous, inbred lines. High levels of homozygosity limit the effectiveness of recombination, and therefore, retard the rate of decay of linkage (gametic phase) disequilibrium (LD) among mutations. Inbreeding and recombination interact to shape the ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morrell PL,Toleno DM,Lundy KE,Clegg MT

更新日期：2005-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian DAI (DNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors), an activator of the innate immune response, senses cytosolic DNA by using 2 N-terminal Z-DNA binding domains (ZBDs) and a third putative DNA binding domain located next to the second ZBD. Compared with other previously known ZBDs, the second ZBD of hum...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ha SC,Kim D,Hwang HY,Rich A,Kim YG,Kim KK

更新日期：2008-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Energy transfer is enhanced by translational diffusion of the donor and acceptor [Steinberg, I. Z. & Katchalski, E. (1968) J. Chem. Phys. 48, 2404-2410]. The effect of diffusion on energy transfer depends on Dtau(0)/s(2), in which D is the sum of the diffusion coefficients of the donor and acceptor, tau(0) is the life...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thomas DD,Carlsen WF,Stryer L

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene delivery to the central nervous system is central to the development of gene therapy for neurological diseases. We developed a baculovirus-derived vector, the Bac-CMV-GFP vector, containing a reporter gene encoding for the green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. Tw...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sarkis C,Serguera C,Petres S,Buchet D,Ridet JL,Edelman L,Mallet J

更新日期：2000-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmid pT181 is a 4437-base-pair, multicopy plasmid of Staphylococcus aureus that encodes tetracycline resistance. The replication of the leading strand of pT181 DNA initiates by covalent extension of a site-specific nick generated by the initiator protein at the origin of replication and proceeds by an asymmetric ro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Birch P,Khan SA

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD11c, also known as integrin alpha X, is the most widely used defining marker for dendritic cells (DCs). CD11c can bind complement iC3b and mediate phagocytosis in vitro, for which it is also referred to as complement receptor 4. However, the functions of this prominent marker protein in DCs, especially in vivo, rema...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu J,Wu H,An J,Ballantyne CM,Cyster JG

更新日期：2018-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) patients carry a missense mutation in ACVR1 [617G > A (R206H)] that leads to hyperactivation of BMP-SMAD signaling. Contrary to a previous study, here we show that FOP fibroblasts showed an increased efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation. This positiv...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hayashi Y,Hsiao EC,Sami S,Lancero M,Schlieve CR,Nguyen T,Yano K,Nagahashi A,Ikeya M,Matsumoto Y,Nishimura K,Fukuda A,Hisatake K,Tomoda K,Asaka I,Toguchida J,Conklin BR,Yamanaka S

更新日期：2016-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have inserted a fourth protein ligand into the zinc coordination polyhedron of carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) that increases metal affinity 200-fold (Kd = 20 fM). The three-dimensional structures of threonine-199-->aspartate (T199D) and threonine-199-->glutamate (T199E) CAIIs, determined by x-ray crystallographic met...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ippolito JA,Baird TT Jr,McGee SA,Christianson DW,Fierke CA

更新日期：1995-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:How climate change influences the dynamics of plant populations is not well understood, as few plant studies have measured responses of vital rates to climatic variables and modeled the impact on population growth. The present study used 25 y of demographic data to analyze how survival, growth, and fecundity respond t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Campbell DR

更新日期：2019-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Three allelic variants of P-pilus-associated G-adhesins (lectins) with different cell-binding properties were recently described. Here we have analyzed Escherichia coli HB101 strains expressing the recombinant G-adhesin variants for their ability to agglutinate erythrocytes from various species as this relates to the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Strömberg N,Nyholm PG,Pascher I,Normark S

更新日期：1991-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC) comprises 3 components: HOIP, HOIL-1, and Sharpin, of which HOIP and HOIL-1 are both members of the RBR subfamily of E3 ubiquitin ligases. HOIP catalyses the formation of Met1-linked ubiquitin oligomers (also called linear ubiquitin), but the function of the E3 ligase acti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kelsall IR,Zhang J,Knebel A,Arthur JSC,Cohen P

更新日期：2019-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The impossibility theorems that abound in the theory of social choice show that there can be no satisfactory method for electing and ranking in the context of the traditional, 700-year-old model. A more realistic model, whose antecedents may be traced to Laplace and Galton, leads to a new theory that avoids all imposs...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Balinski M,Laraki R

更新日期：2007-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We have measured the quantities of naturally occurring autoantibodies in the serum of normal, unmanipulated individuals. These changes over time following broad-band complex dynamical patterns that are similar in mouse and man. The patterns more likely reflect the network architecture of the natural antibody repertoir...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Varela F,Andersson A,Dietrich G,Sundblad A,Holmberg D,Kazatchkine M,Coutinho A

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic studies in mice suggest that Wnt4 signaling antagonizes expression of male hormones and effectively blocks male development in the female embryo. We recently identified an XY intersex patient carrying a chromosomal duplication of the WNT4 locus and proposed that this patient's feminization arises from an incre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jordan BK,Shen JH,Olaso R,Ingraham HA,Vilain E

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional imaging of the human brain is an increasingly important technique for clinical and cognitive neuroscience research, with functional MRI (fMRI) of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response and electroencephalography or magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings of neural oscillations being 2 of the most ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Muthukumaraswamy SD,Edden RA,Jones DK,Swettenham JB,Singh KD

更新日期：2009-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Naked mole-rats form eusocial colonies consisting of a single breeding female (the queen), several breeding males, and sexually immature adults (subordinates). Subordinates are cooperative and provide alloparental care by huddling and retrieving pups to the nest. However, the physiological mechanism(s) underlying allo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Watarai A,Arai N,Miyawaki S,Okano H,Miura K,Mogi K,Kikusui T

更新日期：2018-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyochelin, an endogenous growth promoter that solubilizes ferric iron, has been isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including clinical strains. The structure of pyochelin has been assigned as 2-(2-o-hydroxyphenyl-2-thiazolin-4-yl)-3-methylthiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid and is of a different type from those previousl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cox CD,Rinehart KL Jr,Moore ML,Cook JC Jr

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injection of exogenous mRNA purified from various tissue preparations into cellular translation systems such as Xenopus oocytes has allowed expression of complex proteins (e.g., receptors for neurotransmitters). No evidence for expression of injected exogenous mRNA, however, has been reported in terminally differentia...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mochida S,Poulain B,Eisel U,Binz T,Kurazono H,Niemann H,Tauc L

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The excision and reintegration of transposable elements (TEs) restructure their host genomes, generating cellular diversity involved in evolution, development, and the etiology of human diseases. Our current knowledge of TE behavior primarily results from bulk techniques that generate time and cell ensemble averages, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim NH,Lee G,Sherer NA,Martini KM,Goldenfeld N,Kuhlman TE

更新日期：2016-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogen receptor beta (ER-beta) regulates diverse physiological functions in the human body. Current studies are confined to ER-beta1, and the functional roles of isoforms 2, 4, and 5 remain unclear. Full-length ER-beta4 and -beta5 isoforms were obtained from a prostate cell line, and they exhibit differential expres...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leung YK,Mak P,Hassan S,Ho SM

更新日期：2006-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the biogeochemical roles of microorganisms in the environment, it is important to determine when and under which conditions they are metabolically active. Bioorthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) can reveal active cells by tracking the incorporation of synthetic amino acids into newly synth...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hatzenpichler R,Connon SA,Goudeau D,Malmstrom RR,Woyke T,Orphan VJ

更新日期：2016-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Tactoids are nuclei of an orientationally ordered nematic phase that emerge upon cooling the isotropic phase. In addition to providing a natural setting for exploring chromonics under confinement, we show that tactoids can also serve as optical probes to delineate the role of temperature and concentration in the aggre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nayani K,Fu J,Chang R,Park JO,Srinivasarao M

更新日期：2017-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The influx of Ca ions into the presynaptic nerve terminal through ion channels is a key link between the action potential and the release of chemical transmitters. It is not clear, however, which types of Ca channel are involved in neurosecretion at vertebrate synapses. In particular, there is disagreement as to wheth...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stanley EF,Atrakchi AH

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The alpha and beta subunits of Na-K-ATPase are up-regulated by hypertonicity in inner-medullary collecting duct cells adapted to survive in hypertonic conditions. We examined the regulation of the gamma subunit by hypertonicity. Although cultured inner-medullary collecting duct cells lacked the gamma subunits, both va...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Capasso JM,Rivard C,Berl T

更新日期：2001-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Immobilization antigens of stock 51 of Paramecium tetraurelia were subjected to electrophoresis in NaDodSO(4)/polyacrylamide gels. Type A is estimated to have a molecular size of 300,000 daltons; H is estimated to be 288,000, D to be 280,000, E to be 270,000, B to be 253,000, and C to be 250,000. Poly(A)(+)RNAs have b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Preer JR,Preer LB,Rudman BM

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00