Abstract:
:Primers were designed to target 16S rRNA and nodD genes of Rhizobium leguminosarum from DNA extracted from two different soil types contaminated with Zn applied in sewage sludge. Numbers of rhizobia estimated using 16S rRNA gene copy number showed higher abundance than those estimated by both nodD and the most-probable-number (MPN) enumeration method using a plant trap host. Both 16S rRNA gene copies and the MPN rhizobia declined with increased levels of Zn contamination, as did the abundance of the functional gene nodD, providing compelling evidence of a toxic effect of Zn on R. leguminosarum populations in the soil. Regression analysis suggested the total Zn concentration in soil as a better predictor of rhizobial numbers than both NH4NO3-extractable and soil solution Zn. R. leguminosarum bv. viciae nodD gene copies were generally less sensitive to Zn than R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii nodD. The latter were generally below detection limits at Zn levels of >250 mg kg(-1). Although there were differences in the actual numbers estimated by each approach, the response to Zn was broadly similar across all methods. These differences were likely to result from the fact that the molecular approaches assess the potential for nodulation while the MPN approach assesses actual nodulation. The results demonstrate that the use of targeted gene probes for assessing environmental perturbations of indigenous soil rhizobial populations may be more sensitive than the conventional plant bioassay and MPN methods.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Macdonald CA,Clark IM,Hirsch PR,Zhao FJ,McGrath SPdoi
10.1128/AEM.02232-10subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-07-01 00:00:00pages
4626-33issue
13eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.02232-10journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the adherence and in situ morphology of the microbial community colonizing the anal and vulvar pores of the subfamily Cyathostominae (Nematoda: Strongylidae) from the colon of Burchell's zebra (Equus burchelli antiquorum). Two different morphological t...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.5.1178-1186.1989
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of antimicrobial agents on the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter isolates recovered from 300 beef cattle maintained in an experimental feedlot was monitored over a 315-day period (11 sample times). Groups of calves were assigned to one of the following antimicrobial treatment...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.7.3872-3881.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular tools that can provide an estimate of the in situ growth rate of Geobacter species could improve understanding of dissimilatory metal reduction in a diversity of environments. Whole-genome microarray analyses of a subsurface isolate of Geobacter uraniireducens, grown under a variety of conditions, identified...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03263-12
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amino acid modifications of the Thermobifida fusca Cel9A-68 catalytic domain or carbohydrate binding module 3c (CBM3c) were combined to create enzymes with changed amino acids in both domains. Bacterial crystalline cellulose (BC) and swollen cellulose (SWC) assays of the expressed and purified enzymes showed that thre...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02735-09
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Field-collected larvae of the tussock moth, Lymantria ninayi, a major pest of exotic pines in Papua New Guinea, were found to contain a small RNA-containing virus with a diameter of 29 nm and a buoyant density of 1.32 g/ml. The RNA was single stranded, had a molecular weight of 2.8 x 10, and was polyadenylated. Virion...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.48.3.504-507.1984
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histone modifications are crucial for the regulation of secondary metabolism in various filamentous fungi. Here we studied the involvement of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in secondary metabolism in the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium fujikuroi, a known producer of several secondary metabolites, including phytohormones...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01557-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A triplex reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was developed to simultaneously detect poliovirus, hepatitis A virus (HAV), and rotavirus in sewage and ocean water. Sewage and ocean water samples seeded with the three different viruses were concentrated by ultrafiltration. The unseeded ocean water and sewage samples were...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.7.2400-2407.1994
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth of the ruminal bacteria Fibrobacter succinogenes S85, Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1, and R. albus 7 followed Monod kinetics with respect to concentrations of individual pure cellodextrins (cellobiose, cellotriose, cellotetraose, cellopentaose, and cellohexaose). Under the conditions tested, R. flavefaciens FD-...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.3.1084-1088.1996
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deep-subsurface samples obtained by deep drilling are likely to be contaminated with mesophilic microorganisms in the drilling fluid, and this could affect determination of the community structure of the geothermal microflora using 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis. To eliminate possible contamination by PCR-amplif...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.1.21-27.2006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural denitrification rates and activities of denitrifying enzymes were measured in an agricultural soil which had a 20-year past history of low pH (pH ca. 4) due to fertilization with acid-generating ammonium salts. The soil adjacent to this site had been limed and had a pH of ca. 6.0. Natural denitrification rates...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.5.1053-1056.1985
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli represents a global health problem for mammals, including humans. At present, diarrheagenic E. coli bacteria are grouped into seven major pathotypes that differ in their virulence factor profiles, severity of clinical manifestations, and prognosis. In this study, we developed and...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02855-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal multicopper oxidases have many potential industrial applications, since they perform reactions under mild conditions. We isolated a phenol oxidase from the fungus Acremonium murorum var. murorum that was capable of decolorizing plant chromophores (such as anthocyanins). This enzyme is of interest in laundry-cle...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.6.2610-2616.2001
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cluster of marine bacteria within the alpha-3 subclass of the class Proteobacteria accounted for up to 28% of the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences in seawater samples from the coast of the southeastern United States. Two independent oligonucleotide probes targeting 16S rDNA of this "marine alpha" cluster indicate ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.11.4237-4242.1997
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mongolian gerbils were used as an animal model to excyst and host Giardia spp. isolated from meadow voles, dogs, beavers, and humans. Both cysts and trophozoites were used to establish infections. Gerbils were infected with Giardia duodenalis from beaver, dog, and human sources, and the trophozoites were extracted and...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.3.647-651.1986
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor-like proteins were found to be distributed widely in streptomycetes by using the combination of the convenient, newly developed plate assay system and an established liquid culture assay. Almost all the strains formerly categorized as Streptoverticillium species produced proteins that...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.12.4338-4341.1993
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 70% of the cells in a suspension of the amylolytic bacterium Lactobacillus amylovorus bind to cornstarch granules within 30 min at 25 degrees C. More than 60% of the bound bacteria were removed by formaldehyde (2%) or glycine (1 M) at pH 2.0. More than 90% of the bound bacteria were removed by MgCl(2) (2...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.4.1128-1133.1991
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diversity of microcystin-producing cyanobacteria in the western basin of Lake Erie was studied using sequence analysis of mcyA gene fragments. Distinct populations of potentially toxic Microcystis and Planktothrix were found in spatially isolated locations. This study highlights previously undocumented diversity o...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00312-06
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biogeochemical transformations occurring in the anoxic zones of stratified sedimentary microbial communities can profoundly influence the isotopic and organic signatures preserved in the fossil record. Accordingly, we have determined carbon isotope discrimination that is associated with both heterotrophic and lithotro...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.5.2942-2949.2003
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two rapid methods were evaluated for their extraction of plasmids from Clostridium perfringens. The first method involved lysis of 1 to 2 ml of C. perfringens culture by treatment with hyaluronidase, lysozyme, and sarcosyl. DNA, extracted with phenol-chloroform, was treated with RNase, boiled, and electrophoresed in a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.3.521-523.1986
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The arginine deiminase system in a variety of streptococci and in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be unusually acid tolerant in that arginolysis occurred at pH values well below the minima for growth and glycolysis. The acid tolerance of the system allowed bacteria to survive potentially lethal acidification throu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.1.198-200.1987
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes JS52 grows on nitrobenzene via partial reduction of the nitro group and enzymatic rearrangement of the resultant hydroxylamine. Cells and cell extracts of nitrobenzene-grown JS52 catalyzed the transient formation of 4-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4HADNT), 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.5.2007-2015.1997
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Graded doses of pure ochratoxin A (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 microgram of toxin per g of feed) were incorporated into a commercial diet which was fed to chickens from hatching to 3 weeks of age, at which time the experiments were terminated. Liver glycogen levels were elevated significantly (P less than 0.05) by ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.1.122-126.1979
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growth of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger, a common food spoilage organism, is inhibited by the weak acid preservative sorbic acid (trans-trans-2,4-hexadienoic acid). Conidia inoculated at 10(5)/ml of medium showed a sorbic acid MIC of 4.5 mM at pH 4.0, whereas the MIC for the amount of mycelia at 24 h de...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.6.3506-3511.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Our goal was to develop a robust tagging method that can be used to track bacterial strains in vivo To address this challenge, we adapted two existing systems: a modular plasmid-based reporter system (pCS26) that has been used for high-throughput gene expression studies in Salmonella and Escherichia coli and...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01346-16
更新日期:2016-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::Methanol is already an important carbon feedstock in the chemical industry, but it has found only limited application in biotechnological production processes. This can be mostly attributed to the inability of most microbial platform organisms to utilize methanol as a carbon and energy source. With the aim to turn met...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03110-14
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial reductive dechlorination of [1,2-14C]trichloroethene to [14C]cis-dichloroethene and [14C]vinyl chloride was observed at 4 degrees C in anoxic microcosms prepared with cold temperature-adapted aquifer and river sediments from Alaska. Microbial anaerobic oxidation of [1,2-14C]cis-dichloroethene and [1,2-14C]vi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.10.6414-6417.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electron donor cytochrome b5 (CybE/Cyb5) fuels the activity of the ergosterol biosynthesis-related P450 enzymes/P450s by providing electrons to P450s to promote ergosterol biosynthesis. Previous studies reported that lack of Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) CybE reduces the proportion of ergosterol in total st...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02571-20
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::During the summer of 1981, 3,887 sucrose-negative vibrios were isolated from seawater, sediment, plankton, and animal samples taken from 80 sites from Miami, Fla., to Portland, Maine. Of these, 4.2% were able to ferment lactose. The lactose-positive strains isolated from the various samples correlated positively with ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.45.3.985-998.1983
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Petuely's selective medium for Bifidobacterium was improved by addition of riboflavin, nucleic acid bases, pyruvic acid, and nalidixic acid. The modified medium, when examined under strictly anaerobic conditions for efficient isolation of Bifidobacterium from human fecal samples, exhibited selective and high viable co...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.5.866-869.1980
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study presents population analyses of microbial communities inhabiting a site of extreme acid mine drainage (AMD) production. The site is the inactive underground Richmond mine at Iron Mountain, Calif., where the weathering of a massive sulfide ore body (mostly pyrite) produces solutions with pHs of approximately...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.11.4962-4971.2000
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00