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Comparison of acid mine drainage microbial communities in physically and geochemically distinct ecosystems.

Abstract：

:This study presents population analyses of microbial communities inhabiting a site of extreme acid mine drainage (AMD) production. The site is the inactive underground Richmond mine at Iron Mountain, Calif., where the weathering of a massive sulfide ore body (mostly pyrite) produces solutions with pHs of approximately 0.5 to approximately 1.0. Here we used a suite of oligonucleotide probes, designed from molecular data recently acquired from the site, to analyze a number of microbial environments by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Microbial-community analyses were correlated with geochemical and mineralogical data from those environments. The environments investigated were within the ore body and thus at the site of pyrite dissolution, as opposed to environments that occur downstream of the dissolution. Few organism types, as defined by the specificities of the oligonucleotide probes, dominated the microbial communities. The majority of the dominant organisms detected were newly discovered or organisms only recently associated with acid-leaching environments. "Ferroplasma" spp. were detected in many of the communities and were particularly dominant in environments of lowest pH and highest ionic strength. Leptospirillum spp. were also detected in many slime and pyrite-dominated environments. In samples of an unusual subaerial slime, a new uncultured Leptospirillum sp. dominated. Sulfobacillus spp. were detected as a prominent inhabitant in warmer ( approximately 43 degrees C) environments. The information gathered here is critical for determining organisms important to AMD production at Iron Mountain and for directing future studies of this process. The findings presented here also have relevance to the microbiology of industrial bioleaching and to the understanding of geochemical iron and sulfur cycles.

journal_name

Appl Environ Microbiol

journal_title

Applied and environmental microbiology

authors

Bond PL,Druschel GK,Banfield JF

doi

10.1128/aem.66.11.4962-4971.2000

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2000-11-01 00:00:00

pages

4962-71

issue

eissn

0099-2240

issn

1098-5336

journal_volume

pub_type

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Comparison of acid mine drainage microbial communities in physically and geochemically distinct ecosystems.