A mutant neomycin phosphotransferase II gene reduces the resistance of transformants to antibiotic selection pressure.

abstract：:To process plant-based renewable biofuels, pretreatment of plant feedstock with ionic liquids has significant advantages over current methods for deconstruction of lignocellulosic feedstocks. However, ionic liquids are often toxic to the microorganisms used subsequently for biomass saccharification and fermentation. W...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khudyakov JI,D'haeseleer P,Borglin SE,Deangelis KM,Woo H,Lindquist EA,Hazen TC,Simmons BA,Thelen MP

更新日期：2012-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The DnaE intein in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the first and only naturally split intein that has been identified so far. It is capable of catalyzing a protein trans-splicing mechanism to assemble a mature protein from two separate precursors. Therefore, it is a powerful tool for protein modification and engin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang J,Fox GC Jr,Henry-Smith TV

更新日期：2003-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Porcine aortic endothelial cells were isolated and maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DME medium)/10% citrate-treated human plasma. They were stimulated by DME medium/10% human serum to grow from a density of 10,100 +/- 500 per well to a final density of 83,000 +/- 1,800 per well over a 9-day period. On...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clemmons DR,Isley WL,Brown MT

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epstein-Barr virus infection in vitro immortalizes primary B cells. EBNA2 is an Epstein-Barr virus-encoded transcriptional transactivator that mimics the effects of activated Notch signaling and is essential for this proliferative response. An assay using Sindbis virus (SV) as a cell death inducer revealed that, like ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee JM,Lee KH,Weidner M,Osborne BA,Hayward SD

更新日期：2002-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) anion channel. Airway disease is the major source of morbidity and mortality. Successful implementation of gene- and cell-based therapies for CF airway disease requires knowledge of relations...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shah VS,Ernst S,Tang XX,Karp PH,Parker CP,Ostedgaard LS,Welsh MJ

更新日期：2016-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The three most common methods of sterilization in use today are ethylene oxide exposure, gamma-irradiation, and steam sterilization. Each of these methods has serious limitations for the sterilization of some materials used in medicine, especially thermally and hydrolytically sensitive polymers by themselves and in co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dillow AK,Dehghani F,Hrkach JS,Foster NR,Langer R

更新日期：1999-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Global warming is intensifying interest in the mechanisms enabling ectothermic animals to adjust physiological performance and cope with temperature change. Here we show that embryonic temperature can have dramatic and persistent effects on thermal acclimation capacity at multiple levels of biological organization. Ze...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scott GR,Johnston IA

更新日期：2012-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The Late Quaternary glacial-interglacial transitions represent the highest amplitude climate changes over the last million years. Unraveling the sequence of events and feedbacks at Termination III (T-III), including potential abrupt climate reversals similar to those of the last Termination, has been particularly chal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pérez-Mejías C,Moreno A,Sancho C,Bartolomé M,Stoll H,Cacho I,Cheng H,Edwards RL

更新日期：2017-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of prostate cancer pathogenesis and development of new therapies have been hampered by a lack of appropriate mouse models. We have generated PSA-Cre-ER(T2) mice that express the tamoxifen-dependent Cre-ER(T2) recombinase selectively in prostatic epithelium, thus allowing us to target floxed genes selectively i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ratnacaram CK,Teletin M,Jiang M,Meng X,Chambon P,Metzger D

更新日期：2008-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas target-specific drugs are available for treating ERBB2-overexpressing and hormone receptor-positive breast cancers, no tailored therapy exists for hormone receptor- and ERBB2-negative ("triple-negative") mammary carcinomas. Triple-negative tumors account for 15% of all breast cancers and frequently harbor defe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rottenberg S,Jaspers JE,Kersbergen A,van der Burg E,Nygren AO,Zander SA,Derksen PW,de Bruin M,Zevenhoven J,Lau A,Boulter R,Cranston A,O'Connor MJ,Martin NM,Borst P,Jonkers J

更新日期：2008-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:We have compared chicken erythrocyte linker histones H1 and H5 binding to a synthetic four-way DNA junction. Each histone binds to form a single complex, with an affinity which permits competition against a large excess of linear duplex DNA. The affinity of H5 is higher than that of H1. The globular domain from either...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Varga-Weisz P,Zlatanova J,Leuba SH,Schroth GP,van Holde K

更新日期：1994-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Ventricular fibrillation is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death. In fibrillation, fragmented electrical waves meander erratically through the heart muscle, creating disordered and ineffective contraction. Theoretical and computer studies, as well as recent experimental evidence, have suggested that fibrillation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Garfinkel A,Kim YH,Voroshilovsky O,Qu Z,Kil JR,Lee MH,Karagueuzian HS,Weiss JN,Chen PS

更新日期：2000-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian hair follicle unit consists of a central follicle and a series of associated structures: sebaceous glands, arrector pili muscles, Merkel cells, and sensory nerve endings. The architecture of this multicellular structure is highly polarized with respect to the body axes. Previous work has implicated Frizz...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang H,Nathans J

更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Using isotopic tracer methods, we have shown that dihydrolipoic acid (2,3-thioctic acid) acylates the distal oxygen of ferrous oxygenated Pseudomonas cytochrome P-450, forming a transient acyl peroxide intermediate that facilitates oxygen-oxygen bond cleavage. Single-turnover studies with 18O2 indicate one oxygen-18 a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sligar SG,Kennedy KA,Pearson DC

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a model for early onset preeclampsia (EOPE) that uses induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from umbilical cords of EOPE and control (CTL) pregnancies. These iPSCs were then converted to placental trophoblast (TB) representative of early pregnancy. Marker gene analysis indicated that both sets o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sheridan MA,Yang Y,Jain A,Lyons AS,Yang P,Brahmasani SR,Dai A,Tian Y,Ellersieck MR,Tuteja G,Schust DJ,Schulz LC,Ezashi T,Roberts RM

更新日期：2019-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A highly specific radioimmunoassay for one of the putative adrenomedullary [Met]enkephalin precursors, BAM-12P (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Arg-Arg-Val-Gly-Arg-Pro-Glu-OH), has been developed. The BAM-12P antibodies recognize the COOH-terminal fragment of the peptide from Arg7 to Glu12 and do not crossreact with [Met5]- or [L...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baird A,Ling N,Böhlen P,Benoit R,Klepper R,Guillemin R

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current methodologies that monitor immune responses rely on invasive techniques that sample tissues at a given point in time. New technologies are needed to elucidate the temporal patterns of immune responses and the spatial distribution of immune cells on a whole-body scale. We describe a noninvasive, quantitative, a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shu CJ,Guo S,Kim YJ,Shelly SM,Nijagal A,Ray P,Gambhir SS,Radu CG,Witte ON

更新日期：2005-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The current model to explain the organization of the mammalian nervous system is based on studies of anatomy, embryology, and evolution. To further investigate the molecular organization of the adult mammalian brain, we have built a gene expression-based brain map. We measured gene expression patterns for 24 neural ti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zapala MA,Hovatta I,Ellison JA,Wodicka L,Del Rio JA,Tennant R,Tynan W,Broide RS,Helton R,Stoveken BS,Winrow C,Lockhart DJ,Reilly JF,Young WG,Bloom FE,Lockhart DJ,Barlow C

更新日期：2005-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Like all aliphatic amines, the polyamines spermine and spermidine are physical quenchers of singlet molecular oxygen (1O2*). The rate constants of these processes were determined in vitro with photochemically generated 1O2* and the hydrocarbon rubrene as substrate, in pyridine. At millimolar concentration, spermine an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khan AU,Mei YH,Wilson T

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional imaging of the human brain is an increasingly important technique for clinical and cognitive neuroscience research, with functional MRI (fMRI) of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response and electroencephalography or magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings of neural oscillations being 2 of the most ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Muthukumaraswamy SD,Edden RA,Jones DK,Swettenham JB,Singh KD

更新日期：2009-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:In movies or on TV, a wheel can seem to rotate backwards, due to the temporal subsampling inherent in the recording process (the wagon wheel illusion). Surprisingly, this effect has also been reported under continuous light, suggesting that our visual system, too, might sample motion in discrete "snapshots." Recently,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： VanRullen R,Reddy L,Koch C

更新日期：2005-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Converging TGF-beta and insulin-like neuroendocrine signaling pathways regulate whether Caenorhabditis elegans develops reproductively or arrests at the dauer larval stage. We examined whether neurotransmitters act in the dauer entry or recovery pathways. Muscarinic agonists promote recovery from dauer arrest induced ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tissenbaum HA,Hawdon J,Perregaux M,Hotez P,Guarente L,Ruvkun G

更新日期：2000-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent discovery of superconductivity with relatively high transition temperature (Tc) in the layered iron-based quaternary oxypnictides La[O(1-x)F(x)] FeAs by Kamihara et al. [Kamihara Y, Watanabe T, Hirano M, Hosono H (2008) Iron-based layered superconductor La[O1-xFx] FeAs (x = 0.05-0.12) with Tc = 26 K. J Am C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hsu FC,Luo JY,Yeh KW,Chen TK,Huang TW,Wu PM,Lee YC,Huang YL,Chu YY,Yan DC,Wu MK

更新日期：2008-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Affinity-fractionated porcine heparin was randomly scissioned by chemical techniques to give hexasaccharides, octasaccharides, decasaccharides, and mucopolysaccharide fragments of approximately 14 residues and approximately 16 residues that were able to complex with the protease inhibitor. Direct measurements of the k...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oosta GM,Gardner WT,Beeler DL,Rosenberg RD

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some cells from cultured embryonic mouse hypothalamus were found to express aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.28) activity and serotonin uptake and storage. These neuron-like cells differed from serotoninergic neurons in cultured embryonic mouse brain stem since they did not contain tryptophan hydroxylase....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Vitry F,Hamon M,Catelon J,Dubois M,Thibault J

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In multicellular organisms, the higher order organization of chromatin during interphase and the reassembly of the nuclear envelope during mitosis are thought to involve an interaction between the nuclear lamina and chromatin. The nuclear distribution of lamins and of peripheral chromatin is highly correlated in vivo,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goldberg M,Harel A,Brandeis M,Rechsteiner T,Richmond TJ,Weiss AM,Gruenbaum Y

更新日期：1999-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The motility of cilia and flagella is powered by dynein ATPases associated with outer doublet microtubules. However, a flagellar kinesin-like protein that may function as a motor associates with the central pair complex. We determined that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii central pair kinesin Klp1 is a phosphoprotein and, li...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yokoyama R,O'toole E,Ghosh S,Mitchell DR

更新日期：2004-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to retain in an in situ system the control mechanisms involved in synthesis of bacteriophage T4 DNA, infected cells were made permeable to nucleotides by plasmolysis with concentrated sucrose. Such preparations use exogenous deoxyribonucleotides to synthesize T4 phage DNA. As has been observed with in vivo st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wovcha MG,Tomich PK,Chiu CS,Greenberg GR

更新日期：1973-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryopreservation is widely used to maintain backups of cells as it enables the semipermanent storage of cells. During the freezing process, ice crystals that are generated inside and outside the cells can lethally damage the cells. All conventional cryopreservation methods use at least one cryoprotective agent (CPA) t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akiyama Y,Shinose M,Watanabe H,Yamada S,Kanda Y

更新日期：2019-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effect of the 3' terminal CCA sequence in precursors of tRNAs on catalysis by the RNase P RNA or the holoenzyme from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in a completely homologous system. We have found that the absence of the 3' terminal CCA is not detrimental to activity, which is in sha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pascual A,Vioque A

更新日期：1999-06-08 00:00:00