Molecular forms of the putative enkephalin precursor BAM-12P in bovine adrenal, pituitary, and hypothalamus.

abstract：:Glass formation in the CaO-Al2O3 system represents an important phenomenon because it does not contain typical network-forming cations. We have produced structural models of CaO-Al2O3 glasses using combined density functional theory-reverse Monte Carlo simulations and obtained structures that reproduce experiments (X-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akola J,Kohara S,Ohara K,Fujiwara A,Watanabe Y,Masuno A,Usuki T,Kubo T,Nakahira A,Nitta K,Uruga T,Weber JK,Benmore CJ

更新日期：2013-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The sustainability of irrigated agriculture in many arid and semiarid areas of the world is at risk because of a combination of several interrelated factors, including lack of fresh water, lack of drainage, the presence of high water tables, and salinization of soil and groundwater resources. Nowhere in the United Sta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schoups G,Hopmans JW,Young CA,Vrugt JA,Wallender WW,Tanji KK,Panday S

更新日期：2005-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Telomeres are specialized structures located at the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes that ensure their complete replication and protect them from fusion and degradation. We report here the characterization of the telomeres of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that the chromosomes terminate in 4-9 kb of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wicky C,Villeneuve AM,Lauper N,Codourey L,Tobler H,Müller F

更新日期：1996-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The cat tongue is covered in sharp, rear-facing spines called papillae, the precise function of which is a mystery. In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we use high-speed film, grooming force measurements, and computed tomography (CT) scanning to elucidate the mechanism by which papillae are used to gr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Noel AC,Hu DL

更新日期：2018-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse tumor C1300 has been established in tissue culture. The cells have a round cell morphology in both the subcutaneous tumor and in suspension culture. However, when given a surface on which to attach, they send out processes up to 3 mm in length and assume the morphology of mature neurons. The attached cells are s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schubert D,Humphreys S,Baroni C,Cohn M

更新日期：1969-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifty cats with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection and leukemia-lymphoma complex were treated by ex vivo immunoadsorption with Staphylococcus protein A-bound filters. Most cats responded to therapy. Twelve showed tumor regression, including disappearance of tumor cells, but died later of other complications. Three...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu WT,Engelman RW,Trang LQ,Hau K,Good RA,Day NK

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this report we examine the effects of chronic anaerobic exposure and subsequent reoxygenation on protein synthesis patterns in Chinese hamster ovary cells. It is observed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (isoelectric focusing/NaDodSO4/PAGE) that the transition from an atmospheric environment to an anaerobic s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sciandra JJ,Subjeck JR,Hughes CS

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arabidopsis has been popular as a model plant system for decades. Completion of the Arabidopsis genome and the availability of large expressed sequence-tag collections from other dicot species provides an opportunity to assess gene content in Arabidopsis, specifically by identifying genes from dicot test species that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Allen KD

更新日期：2002-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK1) is an effector of both Ras/MEK/MAPK and PI3K/PDK1 pathways. We present evidence that RSK1 drives p27 phosphorylation at T198 to increase RhoA-p27 binding and cell motility. RSK1 activation and p27pT198 both increase in early G(1). As for many kinase-substrate pairs, cellular RSK1 copreci...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Larrea MD,Hong F,Wander SA,da Silva TG,Helfman D,Lannigan D,Smith JA,Slingerland JM

更新日期：2009-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Contractile forces are essential for many developmental processes involving cell shape change and tissue deformation. Recent experiments on reconstituted actomyosin networks, the major component of the contractile machinery, have shown that active contractility occurs above a threshold motor concentration and within a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang S,Wolynes PG

更新日期：2012-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer patients and tumor-bearing mice possess serum antibodies that recognize antigens expressed by cancer cells at the time of diagnosis. After diagnosis, cancers progress to more aggressive stages, most often by acquiring new genetic changes that can give rise to new proteins, some of which are antigenic. However, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spiotto MT,Reth MA,Schreiber H

更新日期：2003-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Standard economic and evolutionary models assume that humans are fundamentally selfish. On this view, any acts of prosociality--such as cooperation, giving, and other forms of altruism--result from covert attempts to avoid social injunctions against selfishness. However, even in the absence of social pressure, individ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zaki J,Mitchell JP

更新日期：2011-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:It is shown that a very simple semiempirical equation represents quite accurately the thermodynamic properties of aqueous sodium chloride from 373 to 823 K. The equation comprises one Margules term and a Debye-Hückel term. Just the one Margules parameter is freely adjustable because the Debye-Hückel parameter is deter...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pitzer KS,Li YG

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measures of complexity derived from ergodic theory of dynamical systems were developed and applied to an exemplary data set describing locomotor movements of rats in a bounded space. A symbolic dynamical system was obtained by partitioning the event space into equally probable partition elements, using a k-dimensional...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paulus MP,Geyer MA,Gold LH,Mandell AJ

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various proteins with different biological activities have been observed to be translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in an energy- and signal-dependent manner in eukaryotic cells. This nuclear export is directed by nuclear export signals (NESs), typically characterized by hydrophobic, primarily leucine, amino...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Elfgang C,Rosorius O,Hofer L,Jaksche H,Hauber J,Bevec D

更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription of T7 DNA by T7 RNA polymerase in vitro gives rise to six major size classes of RNAs comprising seven major T7 RNA species. These RNAs are all read from the r-strand of T7 DNA and are not derived from the early (leftmost on the conventional genetic map) region of the molecule. When artifically shortened ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Golomb M,Chamberlin M

更新日期：1974-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As countries pursue sustainable development across sectors as diverse as health, agriculture, and infrastructure, sectoral policies interact, generating synergies that alter their effectiveness. Identifying those synergies ex ante facilitates the harmonization of policies and provides an important lever to achieve the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pedercini M,Arquitt S,Collste D,Herren H

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to ionizing radiation (IR), which is a conventional treatment for osteosarcoma that cannot be resected, undermines the efficacy of this therapy. However, the mechanism by which IR induces radioresistance in osteosarcoma is not defined. Here, we report that CR6-interacting factor-1 (CRIF1) is highly expresse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ran Q,Jin F,Xiang Y,Xiang L,Wang Q,Li F,Chen L,Zhang Y,Wu C,Zhou L,Xiao Y,Chen L,Wu J,Zhong JF,Li SC,Li Z

更新日期：2019-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:3-Hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) is a tryptophan metabolite whose level in the brain is markedly elevated under several pathological conditions, including Huntington disease and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Here we demonstrate that micromolar concentrations (1-100 microM) of 3-HK cause cell death in primary neuro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okuda S,Nishiyama N,Saito H,Katsuki H

更新日期：1996-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The fungus, Phycomyces blakesleeanus, shows many well-defined responses to a number of external stimuli. Genetic analysis shows that at least eight genes are involved in Phycomyces sensory transduction. As a first step toward the molecular analysis of these genes and their products, we have developed a transformation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Revuelta JL,Jayaram M

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proinflammatory signaling pathways are commonly up-regulated in breast cancer. In estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) have been described as independent predictors of disease outcome. We further explore these findings by ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Basudhar D,Glynn SA,Greer M,Somasundaram V,No JH,Scheiblin DA,Garrido P,Heinz WF,Ryan AE,Weiss JM,Cheng RYS,Ridnour LA,Lockett SJ,McVicar DW,Ambs S,Wink DA

更新日期：2017-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Because previous studies showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids can reduce the contraction rate of spontaneously beating heart cells and have antiarrhythmic effects, we examined the effects of the fatty acids on the electrophysiology of the cardiac cycle in isolated neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Exposure of cardiomy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kang JX,Xiao YF,Leaf A

更新日期：1995-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo electroporation is a powerful technique for the introduction of genes into organisms. Temporal and spatial regulation of expression of introduced genes, or of RNAi, would further enhance the utility of this method. Here we demonstrate conditional regulation of gene expression from electroporated plasmids in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matsuda T,Cepko CL

更新日期：2007-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Indole-3-acetic acid is the major auxin in most plants. In Cruciferae, including Brassicaceae, indole-3-acetic acid is synthesized from indole-3-acetonitrile by nitrilase, after indole-3-acetonitrile is formed from tryptophan via indole-3-acetaldoxime or indole glycosinolates as the intermediate. We cloned and sequenc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kobayashi M,Izui H,Nagasawa T,Yamada H

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of pediatric adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) in southern Brazil is 10-15 times higher than that of pediatric ACC worldwide. Because childhood ACC is associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, we examined the cancer history and p53 status of 36 Brazilian patients and their families. Remarkably, 35 of 36 patie...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ribeiro RC,Sandrini F,Figueiredo B,Zambetti GP,Michalkiewicz E,Lafferty AR,DeLacerda L,Rabin M,Cadwell C,Sampaio G,Cat I,Stratakis CA,Sandrini R

更新日期：2001-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysfunction of gap junctions (GJs) caused by mutations in connexin26 (Cx26) and Cx30 accounts for nearly half of all cases of hereditary nonsyndromic deafness cases. Although it is widely held that GJs connecting supporting cells in the organ of Corti mainly provide ionic pathways for rapid removal of K+ around the ba...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Y,Tang W,Ahmad S,Sipp JA,Chen P,Lin X

更新日期：2005-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:A posttranslational protein O-mannosylation process resembling that found in fungi and animals has been reported in the major human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and related actinobacteria. However, the role and incidence of this process, which is essential in eukaryotes, have never been explored in Mtb. W...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu CF,Tonini L,Malaga W,Beau M,Stella A,Bouyssié D,Jackson MC,Nigou J,Puzo G,Guilhot C,Burlet-Schiltz O,Rivière M

更新日期：2013-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat liver glutamine synthetase (s(20,w) 15.0 S; MW about 352,000) resembles ovine brain glutamine synthetase in that it (a) has 8 subunits, (b) acts on both L- and D-glutamate and certain glutamate analogs (e.g., beta-glutamate, cis-cycloglutamate, and alpha-methyl-L-glutamate), and (c) is irreversibly inhibited by L-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tate SS,Meister A

更新日期：1971-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The thesis is developed that a low oxygen level Precambrian atmosphere presented early-evolving metazoan organisms with physiological connective tissue priorities resulting from the important molecular oxygen requirements in the biosynthesis of collagen hydroxyproline. Shells, cuticles, and carapaces which are not man...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Towe KM

更新日期：1970-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the distributions of short tandemly repeated DNAs (microsatellites) in nine complete microbial genomes (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Archaeoglobus fulgidus, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, Methanococcus jannaschii, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, M. genitalium, and Synechocystis PCC6803....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Field D,Wills C

更新日期：1998-02-17 00:00:00