Abstract:
:Five bivariate distributions of wing dimensions of Drosophila melanogaster were measured, in flies 1) subjected to four defined environmental regimes during development, 2) taken directly from nature in seven U.S. states, 3) selected in ten populations for change in wing form, and 4) sampled from 21 long inbred wild-type lines. Environmental stresses during development altered both wing size and the ratios of wing dimensions, but regardless of treatment all wing dimensions fell near a common allometric baseline in each bivariate distribution. The wings of wild-caught flies from seven widely separated localities, and of their laboratory-reared offspring, also fell along the same baselines. However, when flies were selected divergently for lateral offset from these developmental baselines, response to selection was rapid in every case. The mean divergence in offset between oppositely selected lines was 14.68 SD of the base population offset, after only 15 generations of selection at 20%. Measurements of 21 isofemale lines, founded from wild-caught flies and maintained in small populations for at least 22 years, showed large reductions in phenotypic variance of offsets within lines, but a large increase in the variance among lines. The variance of means of isofemale lines within collection localities was ten times the variance of means among localities of newly established wild lines. These observations show that much additive genetic variance exists for individual dimensions within the wing, such that bivariate developmental patterns can be changed in any direction by selection or by drift. The relative invariance of the allometric baselines of wing morphology in nature is most easily explained as the result of continuous natural selection around a local optimum of functional design.
journal_name
Geneticsjournal_title
Geneticsauthors
Weber KEsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-12-01 00:00:00pages
975-89issue
4eissn
0016-6731issn
1943-2631journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GENETICS文献大全abstract::A recent sperm-typing study by Jeffreys and Neumann suggested that recombination rates in different individuals at the DNA2 recombination hotspot appeared to be highly dependent on their genotype at a particular A/G SNP, FG11. Specifically, individuals who carried at least one copy of the A allele at this SNP exhibite...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.039271
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 (MRN) complex is required for eukaryotic DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and meiotic recombination. We cloned the Coprinus cinereus rad50 gene and showed that it corresponds to the complementation group previously named rad12, identified mutations in 15 rad50 alleles, and mapped two of the mu...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.108.092775
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An approximately 135-bp sequence called the A1/A2 repeat was isolated from the transcribed region of the 26-18S rDNA intergenic spacer (IGS) of Nicotiana tomentosiformis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and Southern blot analysis revealed its occurrence as an independent satellite (termed an A1/A2 satellite)...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.166.4.1935
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new suppressor of +1 frameshift mutations has been isolated in Salmonella typhimurium. This suppressor, sufJ, maps at minute 89 on the Salmonella genetic map between the argH and rpo(rif) loci, closely linked to the gene for the ochre suppressor tyrU(supM). The suppressor mutation is dominant to its wild-type allele...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The decrease of meiotic exchanges (crossing over and conversion) in two mutants of Sordaria macrospora correlated strongly with a reduction of chiasmata and of both types of "recombination nodules." Serial section reconstruction electron microscopy was used to compare the synapsis pattern of meiotic prophase I in wild...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mobile P elements in Drosophila melanogaster cause hybrid dysgenesis if their mobility is not repressed. One type of repression, termed P cytotype, is a complex interaction between chromosomes carrying P elements and cytoplasm and is transmitted through the cytoplasm only of females. Another type of repression is foun...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, we utilize stochastic search variable selection methodology to develop a Bayesian method for identifying multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL) for complex traits in experimental designs. The proposed procedure entails embedding multiple regression in a hierarchical normal mixture model, where latent ...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Properties of identity relation between genes are discussed, and a derivation of recurrent equations of identity coefficients in a random mating, diploid dioecious population is presented. Computations are run by repeated matrix multiplication. Results show that for effective population size (Ne) larger than 16 and no...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male mating success as a function of genotype is an important fitness component. It can be studied in wild populations, in species for which a given group of progeny has exactly one father, by determining genotypes of wildcaught mothers and of sufficient numbers of their progeny. Here, we study male mating success as ...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The noncanonical Frizzled/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway regulates establishment of polarity within the plane of an epithelium to generate diversity of cell fates, asymmetric, but highly aligned structures, or to orchestrate the directional migration of cells during convergent extension during vertebrate gastrulat...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.115.181438
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The construction in bacteriophage lambda of a set of long DNA palindromes with paired changes in the central sequence is described. Identical palindrome centers were previously used by others to test the S-type model for cruciform extrusion in vitro. Long DNA palindromes prevent the propagation of carrier phage lambda...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Highly specialized obligatory cave beetles endemic to the French Pyrenees offer an opportunity to investigate the relative importance of environmental conditions and ecological characteristics on the organization of genetic variability, to describe the genetic structure of populations, and to assess the extent of gene...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To further understand how the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans defends itself against pathogen attack, we analyzed enhanced pathogen resistance (epr) mutants obtained from a forward genetic screen. We also examined several well-characterized sterile mutants that exhibit an Epr phenotype. We found that sterility and pat...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.107.083923
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel method of RNA secondary structure prediction based on a comparison of nucleotide sequences is described. This method correctly predicts nearly all evolutionarily conserved secondary structures of five different RNAs: tRNA, 5S rRNA, bacterial ribonuclease P (RNase P) RNA, eukaryotic small subunit rRNA, and the ...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type III galactosemia is a metabolic disorder caused by reduced activity of UDP-galactose-4-epimerase, which participates in galactose metabolism and the generation of various UDP-sugar species. We characterized gale-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans and found that a complete loss-of-function mutation is lethal, as has been...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.114.170084
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The T4 mutations px, y and 1206 inactivate an error-prone recombination-like repair system, reducing or abolishing mutagenesis by UV irradiation, MMS, and white light irradiation in the presence of the photosensitizer 8MOP. Both px and y increase some spontaneous mutation rates and slightly enhance proflavin mutagenes...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1974-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We reported previously that the product of the DNA damage-inducible gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DIN7, belongs to a family of proteins that are involved in DNA repair and replication. The family includes S. cerevisiae proteins Rad2p and its human homolog XPGC, Rad27p and its mammalian homolog FEN-1, and Exonuclea...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yeast DNA fragments that confer multiple drug resistance when amplified were isolated. Cells containing a yeast genomic library cloned in the high copy autonomously replicating vector, YEp24, were plated on medium containing cycloheximide. Five out of 100 cycloheximide-resistant colonies were cross-resistant to the un...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowing the amount of DNA polymorphism is essential to understand the mechanism of maintaining DNA polymorphism in a natural population. The amount of DNA polymorphism can be measured by the average number of nucleotide differences per site (pi), the proportion of segregating (polymorphic) site (s) and the minimum num...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnesium (Mg) is an essential enzyme cofactor and a key structural component of biological molecules, but relatively little is known about the molecular components required for Mg homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. The yeast genome encodes four characterized members of the CorA Mg transporter superfamily located in the...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.109.106419
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The satellite DNA's from the embryos of five species of Drosophila (D. melanogaster, D. simulans, D. nasuta, D. virilis and D. hydei) have been analyzed for the presence of closed circular duplex DNA molecules, as determined by CsCl-EBr gradients. Circular DNA molecules were found in every species but D. melanogaster....
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1972-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent investigations of evolution in heterogeneous environments have begun to accommodate genetic and environmental complexity typical of natural populations. Theoretical studies demonstrate that evolution of polygenic characters depends heavily on the genetic interdependence of the expression of traits in the differ...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared allele sequences of two loci near the Arabidopsis lyrata self-incompatibility (S) loci with sequences of A. thaliana orthologs and found high numbers of shared polymorphisms, even excluding singletons and sites likely to be highly mutable. This suggests maintenance of entire S-haplotypes for long evolution...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.105.051938
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The resistance of rice to its bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) has both qualitative and quantitative components that were investigated using three near-isogenic line sets for four resistance (R) genes (Xa4, xa5, xa13, and Xa21) and 12 Xoo races. Our results indicate that these two resistan...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because some metabolic intermediates are involved in more than one pathway, crosstalk between pathways is crucial to maintaining homeostasis. AMP and histidine biosynthesis pathways are coregulated at the transcriptional level in response to adenine availability. 5'-Phosphoribosyl-4-carboxamide-5-aminoimidazole (AICAR...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.104.039396
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisomes are organelles containing a diverse array of enzymes. In fungi they are important for carbon source utilization, pathogenesis, development, and secondary metabolism. We have studied Aspergillus nidulans peroxin (pex) mutants isolated by virtue of their inability to grow on butyrate or by the inactivation o...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.107.085795
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) control cell and organism growth through evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways. The mammalian acid-labile subunit (ALS) is a secreted protein that complexes with IGFs to modulate their activity. Recent work has shown that a Drosophila homolog of ALS, dALS, can also complex with...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1534/genetics.108.099531
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pairwise linkage disequilibrium values (D) were estimated for 14 allozyme loci in two natural populations of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia). Maternal multilocus genotypes were inferred from samples of (haploid) megagametophytic seed-endosperms. Coupling/repulsion double heterozygotes were distinguished...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major correlation has been found between the incidence of glucocorticoid-induced cleft palate and the chromosome 8 segment identified by N-acetyl transferase in mice. The resistant strain became fully susceptible while the susceptible strain became resistant when this chromosomal region, representing less than 0.7% ...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Sh2/A1 orthologous region of maize, rice, and sorghum contains five genes in the order Sh2, X1, X2, and two A1 homologs in tandem duplication. The Sh2 and A1 homologs are separated by approximately 20 kb in rice and sorghum and by approximately 140 kb in maize. We analyzed the fate of the Sh2/A1 region in large-ge...
journal_title:Genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00