RNA-dependent control of gene amplification.

abstract：:siRNA therapeutics have promise for the treatment of a wide range of genetic disorders. Motivated by lipoproteins, we report lipopeptide nanoparticles as potent and selective siRNA carriers with a wide therapeutic index. Lead material cKK-E12 showed potent silencing effects in mice (ED50 ∼ 0.002 mg/kg), rats (ED50 < 0...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dong Y,Love KT,Dorkin JR,Sirirungruang S,Zhang Y,Chen D,Bogorad RL,Yin H,Chen Y,Vegas AJ,Alabi CA,Sahay G,Olejnik KT,Wang W,Schroeder A,Lytton-Jean AK,Siegwart DJ,Akinc A,Barnes C,Barros SA,Carioto M,Fitzgerald

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:MXenes, a new family of 2D materials, combine hydrophilic surfaces with metallic conductivity. Delamination of MXene produces single-layer nanosheets with thickness of about a nanometer and lateral size of the order of micrometers. The high aspect ratio of delaminated MXene renders it promising nanofiller in multifunc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ling Z,Ren CE,Zhao MQ,Yang J,Giammarco JM,Qiu J,Barsoum MW,Gogotsi Y

更新日期：2014-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli cells treated with toluene replicate DNA when they are provided with deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates, ATP, Mg(++), and K(+). However, when deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate is replaced by hydroxymethyl deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate, incorporation of nucleotides into acid-precipitable material by tolu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fleischman RA,Richardson CC

更新日期：1971-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SUMO, a small ubiquitin-related modifier, is known to covalently attach to a number of nuclear regulatory proteins such as p53, IkappaB, promyelocytic leukemia protein and c-Jun. The sumoylation reaction is catalyzed by the SUMO protease, which exposes the C-terminal active glycine residue of the nascent SUMO, the het...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li T,Evdokimov E,Shen RF,Chao CC,Tekle E,Wang T,Stadtman ER,Yang DC,Chock PB

更新日期：2004-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle (Calvin cycle) catalyzes virtually all primary productivity on Earth and is the major sink for atmospheric CO(2). A less appreciated function of CO(2) fixation is as an electron-accepting process. It is known that anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria require the Calvin cycle to accept elect...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McKinlay JB,Harwood CS

更新日期：2010-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Citizenship endows legal protections and is associated with economic and social gains for immigrants and their communities. In the United States, however, naturalization rates are relatively low. Yet we lack reliable knowledge as to what constrains immigrants from applying. Drawing on data from a public/private natura...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hainmueller J,Lawrence D,Gest J,Hotard M,Koslowski R,Laitin DD

更新日期：2018-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Three approaches were used to study hybridization of complementary oligodeoxynucleotides by nonradiative fluorescence resonance energy transfer. (i) Fluorescein (donor) and rhodamine (acceptor) were covalently attached to the 5' ends of complementary oligodeoxynucleotides of various lengths. Upon hybridization of the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cardullo RA,Agrawal S,Flores C,Zamecnik PC,Wolf DE

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The anti-inflammatory activity of intravenous Ig (IVIG) results from a minor population of the pooled IgG molecules that contains terminal alpha2,6-sialic acid linkages on their Fc-linked glycans. These anti-inflammatory properties can be recapitulated with a fully recombinant preparation of appropriately sialylated I...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anthony RM,Wermeling F,Karlsson MC,Ravetch JV

更新日期：2008-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The maspin protein has tumor suppressor activity in breast and prostate cancers. It inhibits cell motility and invasion in vitro and tumor growth and metastasis in nude mice. Maspin is structurally a member of the serpin (serine protease inhibitors) superfamily but deviates somewhat from classical serpins. We find tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sheng S,Truong B,Fredrickson D,Wu R,Pardee AB,Sager R

更新日期：1998-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Waves and patterns in living systems are often driven by biochemical reactions with enzymes as catalysts and regulators. We present a reaction-diffusion system catalyzed by the enzyme glucose oxidase that exhibits traveling wave patterns in a spatially extended medium. Fronts and pulses propagate as a result of the co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Míguez DG,Vanag VK,Epstein IR

更新日期：2007-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Abnormal tubulofilamentous structures have been identified in electron micrographs of thin sections and negatively stained impression grids prepared from brains of animals with scrapie and other spongiform encephalopathies, and we showed that such tubules contain a core of filamentous structures resembling scrapie-ass...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Narang HK,Asher DM,Gajdusek DC

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The first crystal structure of the neurotransmitter/sodium symporter homolog LeuT revealed an occluded binding pocket containing leucine and 2 Na(+); later structures showed tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in an extracellular vestibule approximately 11 A above the bound leucine and 2 Na(+). We recently found this reg...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Quick M,Winther AM,Shi L,Nissen P,Weinstein H,Javitch JA

更新日期：2009-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a method for studying multiple retroviral integration events into a small DNA target in vivo. Episomal simian virus 40 (SV40) genomes established by infection of CV-1 cells served as integration targets during subsequent infection with murine leukemia virus (MLV). Using a PCR-based assay for the abundance a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pryciak PM,Müller HP,Varmus HE

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When rat pancreatic polynucleosomes were poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated with purified calf thymus poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and examined by electron microscopy, a relaxation of their native zigzag structure was observed. At high ionic strengths control nucleosomes condensed into 250-A-thick fibers, but poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poirier GG,de Murcia G,Jongstra-Bilen J,Niedergang C,Mandel P

更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have selected from a mixture of random polynucleotides an RNA that is able to replicate in the presence of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli, provided the medium contains Mn(2+) and ITP, in addition to ATP, CTP, and UTP. The RNA consists of a chain of about 125 (+/-25) nucleotides and appears to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Biebricher CK,Orgel LE

更新日期：1973-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic manipulation of the alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2A)-AR) in mice has revealed the role of this subtype in numerous responses, including agonist-induced hypotension and sedation. Unexpectedly, alpha(2)-agonist treatment of mice heterozygous for the alpha(2A)-AR (alpha(2A)-AR(+/-)) lowers blood pressure ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tan CM,Wilson MH,MacMillan LB,Kobilka BK,Limbird LE

更新日期：2002-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Before the origin of simple cellular life, the building blocks of RNA (nucleotides) had to form and polymerize in favorable environments on early Earth. At this time, meteorites and interplanetary dust particles delivered organics such as nucleobases (the characteristic molecules of nucleotides) to warm little ponds w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pearce BKD,Pudritz RE,Semenov DA,Henning TK

更新日期：2017-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The coordinated redistribution of sugars from mature "source" leaves to developing "sink" leaves requires tight regulation of sugar transport between cells via plasmodesmata (PD). Although fundamental to plant physiology, the mechanisms that control PD transport and thereby support development of new leaves have remai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brunkard JO,Xu M,Scarpin MR,Chatterjee S,Shemyakina EA,Goodman HM,Zambryski P

更新日期：2020-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:A 6.1-kilobase insertion into the rudimentary (r) gene was cloned and partially sequenced. The insertion consists of a 703-base-pair (bp) P element next to a 5.4-kilobase single-copy sequence. The normal position of the single-copy sequence is near the tip of the X chromosome. Upon insertion into the r gene, this chim...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsubota SI,Huong DV

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Millions of individuals routinely remain awake for more than 18 h daily, which causes performance decrements. It is unknown if these functional impairments are the result of that extended wakefulness or from the associated shortened sleep durations. We therefore examined changes in objective reaction time performance ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McHill AW,Hull JT,Wang W,Czeisler CA,Klerman EB

更新日期：2018-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) represents a significant genetic resource for crop improvement in barley (Hordeum vulgare) and for the study of the evolution and domestication of plant populations. The Isa gene from barley has a putative role in plant defense. This gene encodes a bifunctional alpha-amylase/subtilisin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cronin JK,Bundock PC,Henry RJ,Nevo E

更新日期：2007-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A 10-aa motif in transmembrane helix 1 of diphtheria toxin that is conserved in anthrax edema factor, anthrax lethal factor, and botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, C, and D was identified by blast, clustal w, and meme computational analysis. Using the diphtheria toxin-related fusion protein toxin DAB(389)IL-2, we demon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ratts R,Trujillo C,Bharti A,vanderSpek J,Harrison R,Murphy JR

更新日期：2005-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Rod-like colloids distort fluid interfaces and interact by capillarity. We explore this interaction at the free surface of aligned nematic liquid crystal films. Naive comparison of capillary and elastic energies suggests that particle assembly would be determined solely by surface tension. Here, we demonstrate that, u...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu IB,Gharbi MA,Ngo VL,Kamien RD,Yang S,Stebe KJ

更新日期：2015-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been found as monomers but also as dimers or higher-order oligomers in cells. The relevance of the monomeric or dimeric receptor state for G protein activation is currently under debate for class A rhodopsin-like GPCRs. Clarification of this issue requires the availability of w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： White JF,Grodnitzky J,Louis JM,Trinh LB,Shiloach J,Gutierrez J,Northup JK,Grisshammer R

更新日期：2007-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome engineering in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) holds great promise for biomedical research and regenerative medicine. Recently, an RNA-guided, DNA-cleaving interference pathway from bacteria [the type II clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) pathway] h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hou Z,Zhang Y,Propson NE,Howden SE,Chu LF,Sontheimer EJ,Thomson JA

更新日期：2013-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrathymic T-cell development requires temporally regulated rearrangement and expression of T-cell receptor (TCR) genes. To assess the role of the TCR beta gene transcriptional enhancer (Ebeta) in this process, mouse strains in which Ebeta is deleted were generated using homologous recombination techniques. We report...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bouvier G,Watrin F,Naspetti M,Verthuy C,Naquet P,Ferrier P

更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Female Utetheisa ornatrix exercise postcopulatory mate selection, favoring sperm of larger males. Larger males also produce larger spermatophores, raising the question whether males are selected on the basis of body size or the size of their spermatophore. We here present evidence, based on matings in which males were...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： LaMunyon CW,Eisner T

更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the in vitro long-term (20 wk) changes in cells exposed to well-characterized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with varying shapes and surface coatings under both chronic (exposure to Au NPs continuously over 20 wk) and nonchronic (initial acute cell exposure to Au NPs, followed by 20 wk in NP-free cell media) co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Falagan-Lotsch P,Grzincic EM,Murphy CJ

更新日期：2016-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The spectra of the alpha, beta, and gamma forms of zinc monoarsanilazotyrosine-248 carboxypeptidase A are indistinguishable. At pH 8.2 their crystals are yellow, while their solutions are red, lambda(max) 510 nm. Absorption and circular dichroism-pH titrations of the modified zinc and apoenzymes demonstrate that the a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Johansen JT,Vallee BL

更新日期：1973-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If H denotes the classical Hilbert transform and Hu(x) = v(x), then the functions u(x) and v(x) are the values on the real axis of a pair of conjugate functions, harmonic in the upper half-plane. This note gives a generalization of the above concepts in which the Laplace equation Deltau = 0 is replaced by the Yukawa e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Duffin RJ

更新日期：1972-12-01 00:00:00