One low-dose exposure of gold nanoparticles induces long-term changes in human cells.

abstract：:Cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) is a powerful macrophage hormone released during infection, which circulates in blood to produce diverse effects in the organism. We examined the effect of cachectin on release of anterior pituitary hormones from either hemipituitaries or dispersed pituitary cells incubated in vitro. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Milenkovic L,Rettori V,Snyder GD,Beutler B,McCann SM

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discrete growing spiral modes are calculated, on the basis of principles of stellar dynamics, according to the recently developed asymptotic theory of density waves for spiral structure in galaxies. From the growth rates obtained, it appears likely that several spiral modes coexist in a given disk galaxy. General prop...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bertin G,Lau YY,Lin CC,Mark JW,Sugiyama L

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type IV pili of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the Gram-negative etiologic agent of gonorrhea, facilitate colonization of the human host. Gonococcal PilT, a protein belonging to a large family of molecules sharing a highly conserved nucleotide binding domain motif, has been shown to be dispensable for organelle biogenesis but...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolfgang M,Park HS,Hayes SF,van Putten JP,Koomey M

更新日期：1998-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic microbial infections are associated with fibrotic and inflammatory reactions known as granulomas showing similarities to wound-healing and tissue repair processes. We have previously mapped three leishmaniasis susceptibility loci, designated lmr1, -2, and -3, which exert their effect independently of T cell im...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sakthianandeswaren A,Elso CM,Simpson K,Curtis JM,Kumar B,Speed TP,Handman E,Foote SJ

更新日期：2005-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Summertime Arctic shipboard observations of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) such as organic acids, key precursors of climatically active secondary organic aerosol (SOA), are consistent with a novel source of OVOCs to the marine boundary layer via chemistry at the sea surface microlayer. Although this sou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mungall EL,Abbatt JPD,Wentzell JJB,Lee AKY,Thomas JL,Blais M,Gosselin M,Miller LA,Papakyriakou T,Willis MD,Liggio J

更新日期：2017-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:A mammalian A-type cyclin, cyclin A1, is highly expressed in testes of both human and mouse and targeted mutagenesis in the mouse has revealed the unique requirement for cyclin A1 in the progression of male germ cells through the meiotic cell cycle. While very low levels of cyclin A1 have been reported in the human he...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liao C,Wang XY,Wei HQ,Li SQ,Merghoub T,Pandolfi PP,Wolgemuth DJ

更新日期：2001-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans walk and run over a wide range of speeds with remarkable efficiency. For steady locomotion, moving at different speeds requires the muscle-tendon units of the leg to modulate the amount of mechanical power the limb absorbs and outputs in each step. How individual muscles adapt their behavior to modulate limb po...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Farris DJ,Sawicki GS

更新日期：2012-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptojanin 1 is a polyphosphoinositide phosphatase concentrated in presynaptic nerve terminals, where it dephosphorylates a pool of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate implicated in synaptic vesicle recycling. Like other proteins with a role in endocytosis, synaptojanin 1 undergoes constitutive phosphorylation in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee SY,Wenk MR,Kim Y,Nairn AC,De Camilli P

更新日期：2004-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulation of resting CD4(+) T lymphocytes leads to rapid proliferation and differentiation into effector (Teff) or inducible regulatory (Treg) subsets with specific functions to promote or suppress immunity. Importantly, Teff and Treg use distinct metabolic programs to support subset specification, survival, and fun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Michalek RD,Gerriets VA,Nichols AG,Inoue M,Kazmin D,Chang CY,Dwyer MA,Nelson ER,Pollizzi KN,Ilkayeva O,Giguere V,Zuercher WJ,Powell JD,Shinohara ML,McDonnell DP,Rathmell JC

更新日期：2011-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We induced an essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by culture in medium with 20% (vol/vol) delipidated fetal calf serum. EFAD, reflected by decreased cellular linoleic acid (18:2 omega 6) and arachidonic acid (20:4 omega 6) and emergence of the oleic acid derivative 5,8,11-e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lerner R,Lindström P,Berg A,Johansson E,Rosendahl K,Palmblad J

更新日期：1995-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Earlier studies have shown that the DNA of herpes simplex virus 1 consists of two covalently linked components, L and S, each flanked by inverted repeats. The two components can invert, and viral DNA extracted from infected cells or virions consists of equimolar concentrations of four populations differing solely in t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poffenberger KL,Tabares E,Roizman B

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Theory predicts that double-core-hole (DCH) spectroscopy can provide a new powerful means of differentiating between similar chemical systems with a sensitivity not hitherto possible. Although DCH ionization on a single site in molecules was recently measured with double- and single-photon absorption, double-core hole...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berrah N,Fang L,Murphy B,Osipov T,Ueda K,Kukk E,Feifel R,van der Meulen P,Salen P,Schmidt HT,Thomas RD,Larsson M,Richter R,Prince KC,Bozek JD,Bostedt C,Wada S,Piancastelli MN,Tashiro M,Ehara M

更新日期：2011-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:A census of the biomass on Earth is key for understanding the structure and dynamics of the biosphere. However, a global, quantitative view of how the biomass of different taxa compare with one another is still lacking. Here, we assemble the overall biomass composition of the biosphere, establishing a census of the ≈5...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bar-On YM,Phillips R,Milo R

更新日期：2018-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:To address devastating environmental crises and to improve human well-being, China has been implementing a number of national policies on payments for ecosystem services. Two of them, the Natural Forest Conservation Program (NFCP) and the Grain to Green Program (GTGP), are among the biggest programs in the world becau...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Li S,Ouyang Z,Tam C,Chen X

更新日期：2008-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Asian rice, Oryza sativa, is one of world's oldest and most important crop species. Rice is believed to have been domesticated ∼9,000 y ago, although debate on its origin remains contentious. A single-origin model suggests that two main subspecies of Asian rice, indica and japonica, were domesticated from the wild ric...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Molina J,Sikora M,Garud N,Flowers JM,Rubinstein S,Reynolds A,Huang P,Jackson S,Schaal BA,Bustamante CD,Boyko AR,Purugganan MD

更新日期：2011-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A major function of innate immune receptors is to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and then evoke immune responses appropriate to the nature of the invading pathogen(s). Because innate immune cells express various types of these receptors, distinct combinations of signaling pathways are activated in re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Negishi H,Matsuki K,Endo N,Sarashina H,Miki S,Matsuda A,Fukazawa K,Taguchi-Atarashi N,Ikushima H,Yanai H,Nishio J,Honda K,Fujioka Y,Ohba Y,Noda T,Taniguchi S,Nishida E,Zhang Y,Chi H,Flavell RA,Taniguchi T

更新日期：2013-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:We explore the interactions of CYT-19, a DExD/H-box protein that functions in folding of group I RNAs, with a well characterized misfolded species of the Tetrahymena ribozyme. Consistent with its function, CYT-19 accelerates refolding of the misfolded RNA to its native state. Unexpectedly, CYT-19 performs another reac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tijerina P,Bhaskaran H,Russell R

更新日期：2006-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis has been considered unique in its ability to cause multiple reproductive anomalies in its arthropod hosts. Here we report that an undescribed bacterium is vertically transmitted and associated with thelytokous parthenogenetic reproduction in Encarsia, a genus of parasitoid w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zchori-Fein E,Gottlieb Y,Kelly SE,Brown JK,Wilson JM,Karr TL,Hunter MS

更新日期：2001-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelial growth factor-like 7 (EGFL7) is a protein that is secreted by endothelial cells and plays an important role in angiogenesis. Although EGFL7 is aberrantly overexpressed in solid tumors, its role in leukemia has not been evaluated. Here, we report that levels of both EGFL7 mRNA and EGFL7 protein are increased...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Papaioannou D,Shen C,Nicolet D,McNeil B,Bill M,Karunasiri M,Burke MH,Ozer HG,Yilmaz SA,Zitzer N,Behbehani GK,Oakes CC,Steiner DJ,Marcucci G,Powell BL,Kolitz JE,Carter TH,Wang ES,Mrózek K,Croce CM,Caligiuri MA,Bl

更新日期：2017-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual (retinoid) cycle, the enzymatic pathway that regenerates chromophore after light absorption, is located primarily in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and is essential for rod photoreceptor survival. Whether this pathway also is essential for cone photoreceptor survival is unknown, and there are no data ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jacobson SG,Aleman TS,Cideciyan AV,Heon E,Golczak M,Beltran WA,Sumaroka A,Schwartz SB,Roman AJ,Windsor EA,Wilson JM,Aguirre GD,Stone EM,Palczewski K

更新日期：2007-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The magnetic circular dichroism of benzene and indole derivatives was measured down to 190 nM. The following pairs of molecules have magnetic circular dichroisms of the opposite sign in the B(2u) absorption region: aniline and benzonitrile, indene and indoline, indole and 4-aminoindole, and 4-aminoindole and 5-aminoin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miles DW,Eyring H

更新日期：1973-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapidly expanding network of roads into the Amazon is permanently altering the world's largest tropical forest. Most proposed road projects lack rigorous impact assessments or even basic economic justification. This study analyzes the expected environmental, social and economic impacts of 75 road projects, totalin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vilela T,Malky Harb A,Bruner A,Laísa da Silva Arruda V,Ribeiro V,Auxiliadora Costa Alencar A,Julissa Escobedo Grandez A,Rojas A,Laina A,Botero R

更新日期：2020-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Learning theories hypothesize specific circuits encode essential information for performance. For simple tasks in invertebrates and mammals, the essential circuits are known, but for cognitive functions, the essential circuits remain unidentified. Here, we show that some essential information for performing a choice t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang GR,Cao H,Kong L,O'Brien J,Baughns A,Jan M,Zhao H,Wang X,Lu XG,Cook RG,Geller AI

更新日期：2010-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Population growth rate is a fundamental ecological and evolutionary characteristic of living organisms, but individuals must balance the metabolism devoted to biosynthesis and reproduction against the maintenance of existing structure and other functionality. Here we present a mathematical model that relates metabolic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kempes CP,Dutkiewicz S,Follows MJ

更新日期：2012-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Earlier papers demonstrated an extensive genetic exchange among fluorescent Pseudomonads; this one documents for genes specifying enzymes of peripheral dissimilation an extrachromosomal array, segregation, and frequent interstrain transfer. An hypothesis is presented of a general mechanism for the formation and mainte...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rheinwald JG,Chakrabarty AM,Gunsalus IC

更新日期：1973-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Light emission produced by the reversible collapse of a cavity in a dielectric medium is given an initial, simplified treatment. The agreement between planar and spherical shapes indicates the volume nature of the effect. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schwinger J

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Goblet cell metaplasia and mucus hypersecretion are observed in many pulmonary diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis. However, the regulation of goblet cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we identify a regulator of this process in an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim HT,Yin W,Nakamichi Y,Panza P,Grohmann B,Buettner C,Guenther S,Ruppert C,Kobayashi Y,Guenther A,Stainier DYR

更新日期：2019-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A genomic region on distal mouse chromosome 1 and its syntenic human counterpart 1q23-42 show strong evidence of harboring lupus susceptibility genes. We found evidence of linkage at 1q32.2 in a targeted genome scan of 1q21-43 in 126 lupus multiplex families containing 151 affected sibpairs (nonparametric linkage scor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu H,Boackle SA,Hanvivadhanakul P,Ulgiati D,Grossman JM,Lee Y,Shen N,Abraham LJ,Mercer TR,Park E,Hebert LA,Rovin BH,Birmingham DJ,Chang DM,Chen CJ,McCurdy D,Badsha HM,Thong BY,Chng HH,Arnett FC,Wallace DJ,Yu CY

更新日期：2007-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:We show that Cloudman melanoma cells undergo rapid arborization in response to [Nle4,D-Phe7]alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, a potent analogue of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). The arbors were established by extension of processes and resembled dendrites. We used this system to study the regula...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Preston SF,Volpi M,Pearson CM,Berlin RD

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The etiology of Alzheimer disease is unclear. However, immunological aberrations have been suggested to be critical factors in the pathogenesis of this neurodegenerative disease. This study was carried out to investigate if cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from Alzheimer disease patients contains antibodies that recognize sp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McRae-Degueurce A,Booj S,Haglid K,Rosengren L,Karlsson JE,Karlsson I,Wallin A,Svennerholm L,Gottfries CG,Dahlstrom A

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00