In an early branching metazoan, bacterial colonization of the embryo is controlled by maternal antimicrobial peptides.

abstract：:An src/yes-related novel gene named syn (SYN in human gene nomenclature) has been identified in the human genome on chromosome 6 and characterized by molecular cloning. Nucleotide sequence analysis of cDNA clones showed that the c-syn gene could encode a protein-tyrosine kinase that is very similar in primary structur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Semba K,Nishizawa M,Miyajima N,Yoshida MC,Sukegawa J,Yamanashi Y,Sasaki M,Yamamoto T,Toyoshima K

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rising sea levels and increased storminess are expected to accelerate the erosion of soft-cliff coastlines, threatening coastal infrastructure and livelihoods. To develop predictive models of future coastal change we need fundamentally to know how rapidly coasts have been eroding in the past, and to understand the dri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hurst MD,Rood DH,Ellis MA,Anderson RS,Dornbusch U

更新日期：2016-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, surface-sensitive spectroscopy data and molecular dynamics simulations have generated intense interest in the distribution of electrolyte ions between bulk water and the air/water interface. A partitioning model for cations and anions developed for biopolymer surface is extended here to interpret the effects...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pegram LM,Record MT Jr

更新日期：2006-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) signaling in vascular cells can have antiatherogenic consequences, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. TNFalpha is released by free cholesterol-loaded apoptotic macrophages, and the clearance of these cells by phagocytic macrophages may help to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gerbod-Giannone MC,Li Y,Holleboom A,Han S,Hsu LC,Tabas I,Tall AR

更新日期：2006-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparison of the monoclinic and orthorhombic crystal structures of the uncomplexed double-stranded, antiparallel, left-handed beta-helix (5.6 amino acid residues per turn) (increases decreases beta 5.6) conformers of gramicidin A reveals marked differences in the tryptophan side-chain orientations and the degree of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Langs DA,Smith GD,Courseille C,Précigoux G,Hospital M

更新日期：1991-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the process of molecularly cloning unintegrated proviral DNA from NIH-3T3 mouse cells infected with Rauscher murine leukemia virus, we observed the occurrence of clones with inserts smaller than the expected Rauscher murine leukemia virus fragments. The insert of one of these clones, lambda.Xe-1, was characterized ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van der Hoorn FA,Onnekink C,van der Putten H,Zijlstra M,Bloemers HP

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein aggregation is a complex physiological process, primarily determined by stress-related factors revealing the hidden aggregation propensity of proteins that otherwise are fully soluble. Here we report a mechanism by which glycolytic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGAPC1) is p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zaffagnini M,Marchand CH,Malferrari M,Murail S,Bonacchi S,Genovese D,Montalti M,Venturoli G,Falini G,Baaden M,Lemaire SD,Fermani S,Trost P

更新日期：2019-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Global demand for agricultural products such as food, feed, and fuel is now a major driver of cropland and pasture expansion across much of the developing world. Whether these new agricultural lands replace forests, degraded forests, or grasslands greatly influences the environmental consequences of expansion. Althoug...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gibbs HK,Ruesch AS,Achard F,Clayton MK,Holmgren P,Ramankutty N,Foley JA

更新日期：2010-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent functional imaging studies have revealed coactivation in a distributed network of cortical regions that characterizes the resting state, or default mode, of the human brain. Among the brain regions implicated in this network, several, including the posterior cingulate cortex and inferior parietal lobes, have al...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Greicius MD,Srivastava G,Reiss AL,Menon V

更新日期：2004-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A further study is made of the intertwining operators for the representations of the simple Lie groups of real rank one. We extend and apply this to the higher rank case, obtaining various results dealing with reducibility of principal series and existence of complementary series. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knapp AW,Stein EM

更新日期：1970-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present studies were conducted to determine whether prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) stimulates the production of "second messengers" derived from inositol phospholipid hydrolysis and increases intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in isolated bovine luteal cells. PGF2 alpha provoked rapid (10 sec) and sustained (u...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davis JS,Weakland LL,Weiland DA,Farese RV,West LA

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amide linkages are among the most important chemical bonds in living systems, constituting the connections between amino acids in peptides and proteins. We demonstrate the controlled formation of amide bonds between amino acids or peptides in the gas phase using ion/ion reactions in a mass spectrometer. Individual ami...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McGee WM,McLuckey SA

更新日期：2014-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of replicative and chronological lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have advanced understanding of longevity in all eukaryotes. Chronological lifespan in this species is defined as the age-dependent viability of nondividing cells. To date this parameter has only been estimated under calorie restriction, mimi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nagarajan S,Kruckeberg AL,Schmidt KH,Kroll E,Hamilton M,McInnerney K,Summers R,Taylor T,Rosenzweig F

更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Solar emission produces copious nitrosonium ions (NO(+)) in the D layer of the ionosphere, 60 to 90 km above the Earth's surface. NO(+) is believed to transfer its charge to water clusters in that region, leading to the formation of gaseous nitrous acid (HONO) and protonated water cluster. The dynamics of this reactio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： He R,Li L,Zhong J,Zhu C,Francisco JS,Zeng XC

更新日期：2016-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:It is becoming common practice to partition glass-forming liquids into two classes based on the dependence of the shear viscosity η on temperature T. In an Arrhenius plot, ln η vs 1/T, a strong liquid shows linear behavior whereas a fragile liquid exhibits an upward curvature [super-Arrhenius (SA) behavior], a situati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mallamace F,Branca C,Corsaro C,Leone N,Spooren J,Chen SH,Stanley HE

更新日期：2010-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The oscillator of the circadian clock of cyanobacteria is composed of three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC, which together generate a self-sustained ∼24-h rhythm of phosphorylation of KaiC. The mechanism propelling this oscillator has remained elusive, however. We show that stacking interactions between the CI and CII...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang YG,Tseng R,Kuo NW,LiWang A

更新日期：2012-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian centromere function depends upon a specialized chromatin organization where distinct domains of CENP-A and dimethyl K4 histone H3, forming centric chromatin, are uniquely positioned on or near the surface of the chromosome. These distinct domains are embedded in pericentric heterochromatin (characterized by ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Greaves IK,Rangasamy D,Ridgway P,Tremethick DJ

更新日期：2007-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Intron removal from tRNA precursors involves cleavage by a tRNA splicing endonuclease to yield tRNA 3'-halves beginning with a 5'-hydroxyl, and 5'-halves ending in a 2',3'-cyclic phosphate. A tRNA ligase then incorporates this phosphate into the internucleotide bond that joins the two halves. Although this 3'-P RNA sp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Englert M,Sheppard K,Aslanian A,Yates JR 3rd,Söll D

更新日期：2011-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere ("air capture") in an industrial process has been proposed as an option for stabilizing global CO(2) concentrations. Published analyses suggest these air capture systems may cost a few hundred dollars per tonne of CO(2), making it cost competitive with mainstream CO(2) miti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： House KZ,Baclig AC,Ranjan M,van Nierop EA,Wilcox J,Herzog HJ

更新日期：2011-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The circadian hormone melatonin is synthesized predominantly in the pineal gland by the actions of two pineal-specific enzymes: serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). Pineal night-specific ATPase (PINA), another pineal- and night-specific protein we recently identified, is p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li X,Chen S,Wang Q,Zack DJ,Snyder SH,Borjigin J

更新日期：1998-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The redox siblings nitroxyl (HNO) and nitric oxide (NO) have often been assumed to undergo casual redox reactions in biological systems. However, several recent studies have demonstrated distinct pharmacological effects for donors of these two species. Here, infusion of the HNO donor Angeli's salt into normal dogs res...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miranda KM,Paolocci N,Katori T,Thomas DD,Ford E,Bartberger MD,Espey MG,Kass DA,Feelisch M,Fukuto JM,Wink DA

更新日期：2003-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:To permit rapid optical control of brain activity, we have engineered multiple lines of transgenic mice that express the light-activated cation channel Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in subsets of neurons. Illumination of ChR2-positive neurons in brain slices produced photocurrents that generated action potentials within m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang H,Peca J,Matsuzaki M,Matsuzaki K,Noguchi J,Qiu L,Wang D,Zhang F,Boyden E,Deisseroth K,Kasai H,Hall WC,Feng G,Augustine GJ

更新日期：2007-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The Drake Passage (DP) is the major geographic constriction for the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and exerts a strong control on the exchange of physical, chemical, and biological properties between the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean basins. Resolving changes in the flow of circumpolar water masses through ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lamy F,Arz HW,Kilian R,Lange CB,Lembke-Jene L,Wengler M,Kaiser J,Baeza-Urrea O,Hall IR,Harada N,Tiedemann R

更新日期：2015-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:30S ribosomal proteins from Bacillus stearothermophilus (B. proteins) have been fractionated and characterized with respect to their ability to replace various E. coli 30S proteins (E. proteins) in the E. coli 30S ribosome reconstitution system. The functional counterparts of all the E. proteins, except S1, S6, S9, an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Higo K,Held W,Kahan L,Nomura M

更新日期：1973-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Down syndrome (DS) caused by trisomy of chromosome 21 is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. Although the prenatal diagnosis of DS has become feasible, there are no therapies available for the rescue of DS-related neurocognitive impairment. A growth inducer newly identified in our screen of neura...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakano-Kobayashi A,Awaya T,Kii I,Sumida Y,Okuno Y,Yoshida S,Sumida T,Inoue H,Hosoya T,Hagiwara M

更新日期：2017-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulation of gene expression is usually separated into cis and trans components. The separation may become artificial if much of the variation in expression is under multigenic and epistatic (e.g., cis-by-trans) control. There is hence a need to quantify the relative contribution of cis, trans, and cis-by-trans effec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang HY,Fu Y,McPeek MS,Lu X,Nuzhdin S,Xu A,Lu J,Wu ML,Wu CI

更新日期：2008-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:A fraction obtained by gel filtration at neutral pH of the extracellular Hb of Lumbricus terrestris dissociated either at pH 9.8 or at pH 4.0, consisting of the three subunits D1 (31 kDa), D2 (37 kDa), and T (50 kDa), was found to produce two peaks when subjected to gel filtration on Superose 6 at pH 7. The first peak...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kapp OH,Mainwaring MG,Vinogradov SN,Crewe AV

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The selective alteration of the cellular genome by laser microbeam irradiation has been extensively applied in cell biology. We report here the use of the third harmonic (355 nm) of an yttrium-aluminum garnet laser to facilitate the direct transfer of the neo gene into cultured human HT1080-6TG cells. The resultant tr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tao W,Wilkinson J,Stanbridge EJ,Berns MW

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza A virus (IAV) has a segmented genome, which (i) allows for exchange of gene segments in coinfected cells, termed reassortment, and (ii) necessitates a selective packaging mechanism to ensure incorporation of a complete set of segments into virus particles. Packaging signals serve as segment identifiers and e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： White MC,Tao H,Steel J,Lowen AC

更新日期：2019-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Young male baboons born in captivity were immunized with an attenuated, cryopreserved schistosomular vaccine derived from gamma-irradiated (50 krad) cercariae of the Puerto Rican strain of Schistosoma mansoni. Protection against a heterologous Kenyan strain of S. mansoni, after percutaneous infection, was assessed. Pa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Damian RT,Roberts ML,Powell MR,Clark JD,Lewis FA,Stirewalt MA

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00