Abstract:
:Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare aggressive cutaneous malignancy of the elderly and immunocompromised populations. The clinical presentation of MCC is nonspecific, with the majority of cases presenting as localized skin involvement. Histologically and immunophenotypically, MCC is defined by both neuroendocrine and epithelial differentiation. Recently, the Merkel cell polyomavirus has been implicated in the pathogenesis of MCC. In addition, there have been numerous studies evaluating the histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of MCC as they relate to diagnosis and prognosis. The purpose of this paper is to review the most salient and clinically relevant updates in the pathogenesis and histologic features of MCC. Specific attention is given to the clinical and histologic predictors of prognosis, staging, and the controversies concerning sentinel lymph node biopsy and therapy.
journal_name
Adv Anat Patholjournal_title
Advances in anatomic pathologyauthors
Calder KB,Smoller BRdoi
10.1097/PAP.0b013e3181d97836subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-05-01 00:00:00pages
155-61issue
3eissn
1072-4109issn
1533-4031pii
00125480-201005000-00001journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Approximately 25% of patients with stage I (node negative) breast cancer relapse at a rate similar to those with stage II disease. Inadvertent pathologic "understaging" of lymph node status is one plausible explanation for this phenomenon. While many studies have shown that additional sectioning +/- immunohistochemica...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00125480-200007030-00003
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Digital pathology systems offer pathologists an alternate, emerging mechanism to manage and interpret information. They offer increasingly fast and scalable hardware platforms for slide scanning and software that facilitates remote viewing, slide conferencing, archiving, and image analysis. Deployed initially and vali...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e318253459e
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myoepithelial neoplasms represent a heterogeneous group of tumors of which classification is incomplete and evolving. Those of the soft tissues often form genetically distinct subgroups that differ from those arising within salivary glands. Soft-tissue myoepithelial tumors (including mixed tumors that show true glandu...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000039
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Papillary renal cell carcinoma is the second most common malignant renal epithelial tumor and constitutes approximately 15% of renal cell tumors. However, papillary architecture is neither unique to papillary renal cell carcinoma, nor do all papillary renal cell carcinomas show exclusive papillary histology. Many of t...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e31820cb3dd
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEC) is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract, partly attributable to chronic estrogen exposure secondary to increased obesity rates. Tumor stage, which in most cases is based on depth of invasion (DOI), is of critical importance in determining if additional tr...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e31828d17cc
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This manuscript reviews carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract associated with genetic rearrangements of the nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) gene, also known as NUT midline carcinomas. The literature is reviewed regarding all reported cases of NUT midline carcinomas and the clinicopathologic features are disc...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e31819923e4
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::IMP3 is a member of a family of RNA-binding proteins that consists of IMP1, IMP2 and IMP3. These proteins contain 2 RNA recognition motifs and 4 K-homology domains that allow them to bind RNAs strongly and specifically. IMP3 is an oncofetal protein involved in embryogenesis and its expression is associated with a numb...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000021
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The common sources of ionizing radiation exposure to the thyroid gland in humans are accidental environmental exposure and medical, therapeutic, or diagnostic irradiation. Radiation often induces notable histologic changes in the thyroid tissue and is a well-established risk factor for benign and malignant thyroid tum...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00125480-199903000-00002
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alveolar soft-part sarcoma (ASPS) is one of the most unusual of the soft tissue sarcomas. Although it most commonly arises in the fascial planes or skeletal muscles of the lower extremities in adults, and in the head and neck region in children, it has also been documented in extraskeletal muscle locations, especially...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00125480-199905000-00001
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysproteinemia is a clinical state characterized by abnormal, often excessive, synthesis of immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules or subunits. Dysproteinemia results from clonal proliferation of plasma cells or B lymphocytes. The abnormal circulating Ig molecules or subunits (most commonly free light chains) reach the glomeru...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00125480-200401000-00005
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is an intermediate-grade malignancy of follicular dendritic cells, which are derived from mesenchymal stem cells. Nodal FDCS is well-recognized. However, when it occurs at an extranodal site, it may not be recognized and is often misdiagnosed. These tumors exhibit a variable sp...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000281
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salivary gland neoplasms are an uncommon and widely heterogeneous group of tumors. In recent years, there has been considerable progress in efforts to reveal the molecular landscape of these tumors, although it is still limited and appears to be only the tip of the iceberg. Genomic aberrations, especially specific chr...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000291
更新日期:2021-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology is a standardized reporting system for classifying thyroid fine-needle aspiration results comprising of 6 diagnostic categories with unique risks of malignancy and recommendations for clinical management. The majority of thyroid nodules are benign; however, up to...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e3182666398
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis of minimal prostatic adenocarcinoma can be challenging on prostate needle biopsy, and immunohistochemistry may be used to support the diagnosis of cancer. The International Society of Urologic Pathology currently recommends the use of the basal cell markers high-molecular-weight cytokeraratin and p63, an...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000136
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ewing Sarcoma is a developmental tumor characterized by balanced chromosomal translocations and formation of new fusion genes, which are the main hallmark of this rare entity. Despite the vast knowledge regarding the molecular aspects of this rare malignancy obtained in the last few years, including the discovery of n...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000003
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distinction between endometrioid and serous carcinomas of the endometrium has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Misdiagnosing a serous carcinoma as endometrioid can have significant consequences for the patient and pathologist. Although many cases are straightforward and easy to classify, there are oc...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e318234ab36
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Descriptions of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas, tumors with outcomes midway between that associated with well-differentiated and anaplastic carcinomas, have been prominent in the literature of the recent past. The neoplasms are characterized by the finding of poorly differentiated areas within papillary and ...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00125480-199909000-00004
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review focuses on discussing the main modifications of the recently published 2017 WHO Classification of Neoplasms of the Neuroendocrine Pancreas (panNEN). Recent updates separate pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors into 2 broad categories: well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNET) and poorly dif...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000201
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (GAS) is a recently described diagnostic entity originally characterized as a tumor with (1) voluminous cytoplasm that is (2) clear or pale eosinophilic, and (3) cells showing distinct cell borders. Since the initial tumor description there has been accumulating experience that...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000216
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this review, a recently published pattern-based risk stratification system of endocervical adenocarcinoma (EAC) is presented. This novel system evaluates the morphologic features of the tumor and establishes patterns that are associated with a particular tumor behavior. Patients with pattern A EAC do not develop ly...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000097
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years there have been a plethora of publications regarding the value of immunohistochemical studies in diagnosis in gynecological pathology. In many instances, papers are published initially that suggest that a certain antibody or panel of antibodies is of value in the diagnosis of a particular neoplasm and ...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00125480-200405000-00004
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of a large number of tumor tissues with conventional techniques of molecular pathology is tedious and slow. The authors recently developed the tissue microarray technology that makes it possible to sample up to 1,000 tumors on one glass slide, which then can be analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridizati...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00125480-200101000-00002
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue microarrays (TMAs) offer the potential to rapidly translate genomics and basic science research findings to practical clinical application. This is particularly true in the field of cancer biomarker research, where TMAs can be used for candidate biomarker validation and association with patient clinical, pathol...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e318155709a
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of arthropods, protozoa, and helminths infect the skin and subcutaneous tissues and may be identified by anatomic pathologists in standard cytology and histology preparations. The specific organisms seen vary greatly with the patient's exposure history, including travel to or residence in endemic countries. ...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000183
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pheochromocytomas are uncommon neuroendocrine tumors arising in the adrenal medulla, whereas paragangliomas arise from chromaffin cells in sympathetic and parasympathetic locations outside of the adrenal gland. Molecular genetic studies in the past few years have identified >10 genes involved in the pathogenesis of ph...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000086
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The estrogen receptor (ER) is a regulator of cellular growth, proliferation, and differentiation. In addition to having prognostic value, ER is the most important biologic marker of therapeutic response in breast cancer. Some level of measurable ER protein is expressed in 70-80% of human breast. Immunohistochemistry i...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00125480-200501000-00003
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDL) and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL) form the largest subgroup of liposarcomas, and represent a morphologic and behavioral spectrum of 1 disease entity, which arises typically in middle to late adult life, most frequently within the retroperitoneum or extremities. DDL is defined...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000101
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral developmental, reactive, benign neoplastic and malignant neoplastic conditions, many odontogenic in origin, may not be seen routinely by the general surgical pathologist and therefore may present a diagnostic dilemma. This article describes odontogenic and nonodontogenic conditions with little or no destructive p...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.pap.0000194631.43254.00
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our understanding of the natural history of breast cancer has evolved alongside technologies to study its genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomics landscapes. These technologies have helped decipher multiple molecular pathways dysregulated in breast cancer. First-generation 'omics analyses considered each ...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000128
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many pathologists, the roles of the medical director are not clearly distinguished from other medical leadership and management duties, such as those of the chair of pathology or a section head of anatomic pathology. We describe the evolution in the understanding of the roles of the medical director as defined by ...
journal_title:Advances in anatomic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e3182026c0b
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00