Abstract：
:Twenty years ago, circumstantial evidence was compiled to link the 1918 pandemic influenza virus to a CNS disorder called epidemic encephalitis or encephalitis lethargica. A challenge was issued to naysayers. During the past two decades, the knowledge about the influenza virus and the 1918 pandemic virus in particular has had dramatic advancement. The 1918 virus has been resurrected and reconstructed. Experimental studies of mice inoculated with a neurovirulent avian virus have delineated the neuropathology of influenza encephalitis. Review of autopsy cases of encephalitis lethargica revealed that the neuropathology during and shortly after the pandemic was unique. Surprisingly two different viruses were involved with the great pandemic. A single amino acid difference in the hemagglutinin of the two viruses changed the preferred receptor of the virus in the host cell. One virus has qualities that suggest that it is neurovirulent. Circumstantial evidence suggests that the cause of death in some influenza patients was neurogenic congestive heart failure with pulmonary edema. Theories about the pathophysiology of encephalitis lethargica and postencephalitic Parkinson's disease are offered.
journal_name
Med Hypothesesjournal_title
Medical hypothesesauthors
Maurizi CPdoi
10.1016/j.mehy.2009.12.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-05-01 00:00:00pages
798-801issue
5eissn
0306-9877issn
1532-2777pii
S0306-9877(09)00824-Xjournal_volume
74pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract：:Seasonal affective disorder is defined as recurrent episodes of major depression, mania, or hypomania with seasonal onset and remission. In this class of mood disturbances, a unipolar major depressive disorder known as winter depression is common in populations living in northern latitudes far from the equator. Winter...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2016.11.020
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Yawning continues to pose as a scientist's conundrum. Evidence is presented of yawning and contagious yawning in a number of different neurological disorders. Explanations are discussed in the context of disparate neurological disorders together with proposals for how theses findings may be linked. Thus, greater under...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2010.08.002
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2007.03.013
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental alcohol exposure adversely influences the developing brain. Alcohol exposure during rapid brain growth causes cell loss, alters connections between brain regions, and lowers the production of biological substances responsible for the communication among neurons. It is reasonable to suggest that alcohol m...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2003.12.021
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2010.09.028
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2012.01.039
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109314
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2013.09.035
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00296-7
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2007.01.029
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2016.07.010
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2013.03.023
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2014.06.017
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2011.06.013
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2010.01.048
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109671
更新日期：2020-03-14 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2013.09.021
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00120-2
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109855
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2015.01.020
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2011.08.019
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/mehy.1999.1001
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(85)90118-5
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2015.03.022
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00294-3
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(89)90118-7
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2015.12.003
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2009.02.046
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(90)90169-f
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(89)90033-9
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
