Abstract:
:Seed development in plants involves the coordinated growth of the embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissue. Several genes have been identified that influence seed size by acting maternally, such as AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2, APETALA2, and DA1. However, given the lack of gain-of-function effects of these genes on seed size, it is unclear whether their activity levels are limiting in WT plants and whether they could thus be used to regulate seed size in development or evolution. Also, whether the altered seed sizes reflect local gene activity or global physiological changes is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the cytochrome P450 KLUH (KLU) regulates seed size. KLU acts locally in developing flowers to promote seed growth, and its activity level is limiting for seed growth in WT. KLU is expressed in the inner integument of developing ovules, where it non-cell autonomously stimulates cell proliferation, thus determining the growth potential of the seed coat and seed. A KLU-induced increase in seed size leads to larger seedlings and higher relative oil content of the seeds. Genetic analyses indicate that KLU acts independently of other tested maternal factors that influence integument cell proliferation. Thus, the level of KLU-dependent growth factor signaling determines size in ovules and seeds, suggesting this pathway as a target for crop improvement.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Adamski NM,Anastasiou E,Eriksson S,O'Neill CM,Lenhard Mdoi
10.1073/pnas.0907024106subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-11-24 00:00:00pages
20115-20issue
47eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0907024106journal_volume
106pub_type
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