Epinephrine-induced elevation of guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate in isolated fat cells of rat.

abstract：:Primary tumors secrete factors that alter the microenvironment of distant organs, rendering those organs as fertile soil for subsequent metastatic cancer cell colonization. Although the lungs are exposed to these factors ubiquitously, lung metastases usually develop as a series of discrete lesions. The underlining mol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hiratsuka S,Goel S,Kamoun WS,Maru Y,Fukumura D,Duda DG,Jain RK

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about stem cell biology or the specialized environments or niches believed to control stem cell renewal and differentiation in self-renewing tissues of the body. Functional assays for stem cells are available only for hematopoiesis and spermatogenesis, and the microenvironment, or niche, for hematopoie...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shinohara T,Orwig KE,Avarbock MR,Brinster RL

更新日期：2001-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucocorticoid hormones increase the level of hepatic tryptophan oxygenase (EC 1.13.11.11; L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing) by increasing its rate of synthesis. Studies were performed to determine whether this induction is mediated by controlling the level of the mRNA for tryptophan oxygenase of by...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schutz G,Killewich L,Chen G,Feigelson P

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The presynaptic plasma membrane protein SNAP-25 (synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa) has been implicated as one of several neural-specific components that direct constitutive fusion mechanisms to the regulated vesicle trafficking and exocytosis of neurotransmitter release. There exist two alternatively spliced i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bark IC,Hahn KM,Ryabinin AE,Wilson MC

更新日期：1995-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effects of food restriction (FR) and substitution of fish oil (FO; omega 3) for corn oil (CO; omega 6) on breast tumor incidence and survival in mouse mammary tumor virus/v-Ha-ras transgenic (Onco) mice. The diets were as follows: group 1, 5% (wt/wt) CO fed ad libitum (AL); group 2, 5% CO, restrict...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernandes G,Chandrasekar B,Troyer DA,Venkatraman JT,Good RA

更新日期：1995-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:5-enol-Pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP synthase; phosphoenolpyruvate:3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase, EC 2.5.1.19) is an enzyme on the pathway toward the synthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants, fungi, and bacteria and is the target of the broad-spectrum herbicide glyphosate. The three-dim...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stallings WC,Abdel-Meguid SS,Lim LW,Shieh HS,Dayringer HE,Leimgruber NK,Stegeman RA,Anderson KS,Sikorski JA,Padgette SR,Kishore GM

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:8-Oxoguanine (8OG) is efficiently bypassed by RNA polymerases in vitro and in bacterial cells in vivo, leading to mutant transcripts by directing incorporation of an incorrect nucleotide during transcription. Such transcriptional mutagenesis (TM) may produce a pool of mutant proteins. In contrast, transcription-couple...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saxowsky TT,Meadows KL,Klungland A,Doetsch PW

更新日期：2008-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the theory that the insulin-induced loss of insulin binding from adipocytes is due to internalization of insulin receptors. Cell-surface receptors were assessed by the binding capacity of intact cells at 16 degrees C. Total (i.e., cell-surface plus intracellular) receptors were assessed by solubil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Green A,Olefsky JM

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies have been prepared to the core protein of cartilage chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan from clones isolated after fusion of rat spleen cells and mouse myeloma cell lines. Antibodies produced by five clones were studied in detail by a radioimmunoassay utilizing 35SO42-labeled hyaluronidase-digested chondroitin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dorfman A,Hall T,Ho PL,Fitch F

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular calcium-binding proteins are abundantly expressed in many neuronal populations. Previous evidence suggests that calcium-binding proteins can modulate various neuronal properties, presumably by their action as calcium buffers. The importance of calcium-binding proteins for nervous system function in an in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Airaksinen MS,Eilers J,Garaschuk O,Thoenen H,Konnerth A,Meyer M

更新日期：1997-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Bar-coded multiplexed sequencing approaches based on new-generation sequencing technologies provide capacity to sequence a mapping population in a single sequencing run. However, such approaches usually generate low-coverage and error-prone sequences for each line in a population. Thus, it is a significant challenge t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie W,Feng Q,Yu H,Huang X,Zhao Q,Xing Y,Yu S,Han B,Zhang Q

更新日期：2010-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We have evaluated two synthetic epothilone analogues lacking the 12,13-epoxide functionality, 12,13-desoxyepothilone B (dEpoB), and 12,13-desoxyepothilone F (dEpoF). The concentrations required for 50% growth inhibition (IC(50)) for a variety of anticancer agents were measured in CCRF-CEM/VBL1000 cells (2,048-fold res...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chou TC,O'Connor OA,Tong WP,Guan Y,Zhang ZG,Stachel SJ,Lee C,Danishefsky SJ

更新日期：2001-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphatase PP2A expression levels are positively correlated to the clinical severity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and IL17A cytokine overproduction, indicating a potential role of PP2A in controlling TH17 differentiation and inflammation. By generating a mouse strain with ablation of the catalytic subunit α ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu Q,Jin X,Zheng M,Rohila D,Fu G,Wen Z,Lou J,Wu S,Sloan R,Wang L,Hu H,Gao X,Lu L

更新日期：2019-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Two operators, spatially separated from each other and from the promoters, repress the gal operon when bound to Gal repressor. Conversion of either gal operator to a lac operator results in derepression, although both Gal and Lac repressors are present, suggesting that mere occupation of operator sites is not sufficie...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haber R,Adhya S

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria, caused by Plasmodium sp, results in almost one million deaths and over 200 million new infections annually. The World Health Organization has recommended that artemisinin-based combination therapies be used for treatment of malaria. Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the plant Artemisia annu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Westfall PJ,Pitera DJ,Lenihan JR,Eng D,Woolard FX,Regentin R,Horning T,Tsuruta H,Melis DJ,Owens A,Fickes S,Diola D,Benjamin KR,Keasling JD,Leavell MD,McPhee DJ,Renninger NS,Newman JD,Paddon CJ

更新日期：2012-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe and test a Markov chain model of microsatellite evolution that can explain the different distributions of microsatellite lengths across different organisms and repeat motifs. Two key features of this model are the dependence of mutation rates on microsatellite length and a mutation process that includes bo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kruglyak S,Durrett RT,Schug MD,Aquadro CF

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein stability is usually studied in simple buffered solutions, but most proteins function inside cells, where the heterogeneous and crowded environment presents a complex, nonideal system. Proteins are expected to behave differently under cellular crowding owing to two types of contacts: hard-core repulsions and w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sarkar M,Smith AE,Pielak GJ

更新日期：2013-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Full-length tissue factor (flTF), the coagulation initiator, is overexpressed in breast cancer (BrCa), but associations between flTF expression and clinical outcome remain controversial. It is currently not known whether the soluble alternatively spliced TF form (asTF) is expressed in BrCa or impacts BrCa progression....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kocatürk B,Van den Berg YW,Tieken C,Mieog JS,de Kruijf EM,Engels CC,van der Ent MA,Kuppen PJ,Van de Velde CJ,Ruf W,Reitsma PH,Osanto S,Liefers GJ,Bogdanov VY,Versteeg HH

更新日期：2013-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulation of the photosynthetic genes by DNA supercoiling in Rhodobacter capsulatus has been studied by using gyrase inhibitors in vivo and by measurement of mRNA levels of more than a dozen genes. The results demonstrate that the levels of mRNA for light-harvesting (I, II) and reaction center (L, M, H) proteins,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu YS,Hearst JE

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian innate immune system uses several sensors of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to develop the interferon response. Among these sensors are dsRNA-activated oligoadenylate synthetases (OAS), which produce signaling 2',5'-linked RNA molecules (2-5A) that activate regulated RNA decay in mammalian tissues. Differen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Donovan J,Whitney G,Rath S,Korennykh A

更新日期：2015-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The combination of catalytic amounts of optically active dipyridylphosphine and CuF(2) along with hydride donor PhSiH(3) generated in situ a remarkably reactive catalyst system (substrate-to-ligand molar ratio up to 100,000) for the highly enantioselective hydrosilylation of a broad spectrum of aryl alkyl ketones (up ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu J,Ji JX,Chan AS

更新日期：2005-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Much recent attention in the study of adaptation of organismal form has centered on developmental regulation. As such, the highly conserved respiratory machinery of eukaryotic cells might seem an unlikely target for selection supporting novel morphologies. We demonstrate that a dramatic molecular evolutionary rate inc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jobson RW,Nielsen R,Laakkonen L,Wikström M,Albert VA

更新日期：2004-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The differentiation of the female gamete into a developmentally competent oocyte relies on the protected environment of the ovarian follicle. The oocyte plays a key role in establishing this microenvironment by releasing paracrine factors that control the functions of surrounding somatic cells. Growth differentiation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cakmak H,Franciosi F,Zamah AM,Cedars MI,Conti M

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We provide empirical evidence of immigrants' specialization in skill acquisition well before entering the US labor market. Nationally representative datasets enable studying the academic trajectories of immigrant children, with a focus on high-school course-taking patterns and college major choice. Immigrant children ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rangel MA,Shi Y

更新日期：2019-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Investigations into the biophysical properties of single molecules traditionally involve well defined in vitro systems where parameters such as solvent viscosity and applied forces are known a priori. These systems provide means to develop models describing the polymers response to a variety of conditions, including t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fisher JK,Ballenger M,O'Brien ET,Haase J,Superfine R,Bloom K

更新日期：2009-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrovirus containing the entire human platelet-derived growth factor B-chain (PDGF-B) gene was constructed in order to investigate the in vivo biological activity of its encoded growth factor. When this virus was introduced into newborn mice, it reproducibly generated fibrosarcomas at the site of inoculation. Provi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pech M,Gazit A,Arnstein P,Aaronson SA

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-temperature flash photolysis with IR and visible spectroscopy was used to probe the influence of the distal histidine His-64(E7) of sperm-whale myoglobin (Mb) on the orientation of bound carbon monoxide (CO) and on the kinetics of CO rebinding. The synthesis and high-level expression of a sperm-whale myoglobin gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Braunstein D,Ansari A,Berendzen J,Cowen BR,Egeberg KD,Frauenfelder H,Hong MK,Ormos P,Sauke TB,Scholl R

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent structural studies of the minimal core DNA-binding domain of p53 (p53DBD) complexed to a single consensus pentamer sequence and of the isolated p53 tetramerization domain have provided valuable insights into their functions, but many questions about their interacting roles and synergism remain unanswered. To be...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Balagurumoorthy P,Sakamoto H,Lewis MS,Zambrano N,Clore GM,Gronenborn AM,Appella E,Harrington RE

更新日期：1995-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The most frequent form of inherited amyloidoses is associated with mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene coding for 127-amino acid residues of four identical, noncovalently linked subunits that form a pair of dimers in the plasma protein complex. Amyloid fibrils containing the variant and to a lesser extent the wi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jenne DE,Denzel K,Blätzinger P,Winter P,Obermaier B,Linke RP,Altland K

更新日期：1996-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutant, but not wild-type p53 binds with high affinity to a variety of MAR-DNA elements (MARs), suggesting that MAR-binding of mutant p53 relates to the dominant-oncogenic activities proposed for mutant p53. MARs recognized by mutant p53 share AT richness and contain variations of an AATATATTT "DNA-unwinding motif," w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Will K,Warnecke G,Wiesmüller L,Deppert W

更新日期：1998-11-10 00:00:00