Abstract:
:West Nile virus, which is transmitted by Culex mosquitoes while feeding on birds and humans, has emerged as the dominant vector borne disease in North America. We have identified natural compounds from humans and birds, which are detected with extreme sensitivity by olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) on the antennae of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus). One of these semiochemicals, nonanal, dominates the odorant spectrum of pigeons, chickens, and humans from various ethnic backgrounds. We determined the specificity and sensitivity of all ORN types housed in different sensilla types on Cx. quinquefasciatus antennae. Here, we present a comprehensive map of all antennal ORNs coding natural ligands and their dose-response functions. Nonanal is detected by a large array of sensilla and is by far the most potent stimulus; thus, supporting the assumption that Cx. quinquefasciatus can smell humans and birds. Nonanal and CO(2) synergize, thus, leading to significantly higher catches of Culex mosquitoes in traps baited with binary than in those with individual lures.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Syed Z,Leal WSdoi
10.1073/pnas.0906932106subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-11-03 00:00:00pages
18803-8issue
44eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0906932106journal_volume
106pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The AF-6 protein is a multidomain protein that contains two potential Ras-binding domains within its N terminus. Because of this feature, AF-6 has been isolated in both two-hybrid and biochemical approaches and is postulated to be a potential Ras-effector protein. Herein, we show that it is specifically the first Ras-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.16.9064
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nonneural cholinergic system of immune cells is pivotal for the maintenance of immunological homeostasis. Here we demonstrate the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and cholinergic enzymes in murine natural killer (NK) cells. The capacity for acetylcholine synthesis by NK cells increased markedly under...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1705491114
更新日期:2017-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::We investigate energy transport through an alpha-aminoisobutyric acid-based 3(10)-helix dissolved in chloroform in a combined experimental-theoretical approach. Vibrational energy is locally deposited at the N terminus of the helix by ultrafast internal conversion of a covalently attached, electronically excited, azob...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0701762104
更新日期:2007-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Zebrafish carrying heterozygous mutations for 17 different ribosomal protein (rp) genes are prone to developing malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), a tumor type that is seldom seen in laboratory strains of zebrafish. Interestingly, the same rare tumor type arises in zebrafish that are homozygous for a l...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0805036105
更新日期:2008-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::The amounts of mRNAs encoding alpha 1, alpha 6, beta 2, beta 3, gamma 2, and delta subunits of gamma-aminobutyrate type A (GABAA) receptors and the gold immunolabeling density of their translation products were monitored during the growth of neonatal rat granule cells in primary culture. We investigated possible corre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.23.10952
更新日期:1994-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::The oscillator of the circadian clock of cyanobacteria is composed of three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC, which together generate a self-sustained ∼24-h rhythm of phosphorylation of KaiC. The mechanism propelling this oscillator has remained elusive, however. We show that stacking interactions between the CI and CII...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1211508109
更新日期:2012-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Here we study the effects of many-body interactions on rate and mechanism in protein folding by using the results of molecular dynamics simulations on numerous coarse-grained Calpha-model single-domain proteins. After adding three-body interactions explicitly as a perturbation to a Gō-like Hamiltonian with native pair...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0403486101
更新日期:2004-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Viral infection leads to activation of the transcription factors interferon regulatory factor-3 and NF-kappaB, which collaborate to induce type I IFNs. The RNA helicase proteins RIG-I and MDA5 were recently identified as two cytoplasmic viral RNA sensors that recognize different species of viral RNAs produced during v...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0700544104
更新日期:2007-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Rap phosphatases are a recently discovered family of protein aspartate phosphatases that dephosphorylate the Spo0F--P intermediate of the phosphorelay, thus preventing sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. They are regulators induced by physiological processes that are antithetical to sporulation. The RapA phosphatase is ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.4.1549
更新日期:1996-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::More than two decades ago, the activation mechanism for the membrane-bound photoreceptor and prototypical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) rhodopsin was uncovered. Upon light-induced changes in ligand-receptor interaction, movement of specific transmembrane helices within the receptor opens a crevice at the cytoplasm...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1721896115
更新日期:2018-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 enzymes are monooxygenases that contain a functional heme b group linked to a conserved cysteine with a thiolate bond. In the native state, the central iron atom is hexacoordinated with a covalently bound water molecule. The exclusion of solvent molecules from the active site is essential for efficient...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.6.2133
更新日期:1997-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::We report here the discovery of a small molecule inhibitor of pestivirus replication. The compound, designated VP32947, inhibits the replication of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in cell culture at a 50% inhibitory concentration of approximately 20 nM. VP32947 inhibits both cytopathic and noncytopathic pestiviruse...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.140220397
更新日期:2000-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::HIV type 1 (HIV-1) uses the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 as coreceptors for entry into target cells. Here we show that the HIV-1 envelope gp120 (Env) activates multiple ionic signaling responses in primary human macrophages, which are important targets for HIV-1 in vivo. Env from both CCR5-dependent JRFL (R5) an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.090521697
更新日期:2000-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate replication in the presence of DNA damage is essential to genome stability and viability in all cells. In Escherichia coli, DNA replication forks blocked by UV-induced damage undergo a partial resection and RecF-catalyzed regression before synthesis resumes. These processing events generate distinct structura...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1300624110
更新日期:2013-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the relationship between genetic variation and phenotypic variation for quantitative traits is necessary for predicting responses to natural and artificial selection and disease risk in human populations, but is challenging because of large sample sizes required to detect and validate loci with small eff...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1220168110
更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::E2A helix-loop-helix proteins are involved in the control of various developmental pathways. We show here by in situ hybridization that E2A transcripts are present in most embryonic and adult tissues. However, no E2A expression is detectable in heart and nonproliferative regions of the brain and spinal cord. Highest l...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.16.7583
更新日期:1993-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Triton X-100-solubilized high-density microsomes from insulin-treated rat adipocytes exhibit a marked increase in serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase activities toward exogenous histone when compared to controls. The insulin-dependent activation of microsomal histone kinase activities occurs within the physiological ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.12.3972
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In virtually all multicellular eukaryotes, mitochondria are transmitted exclusively through one parent, usually the mother. In this short review, we discuss some of the major consequences of uniparental transmission of mitochondria, including deleterious effects in males and selection for increased transmission throug...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.1421391112
更新日期:2015-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::The sigma-N (sigmaN) subunit of the bacterial RNA polymerase is a sequence specific DNA-binding protein. The RNA polymerase holoenzyme formed with sigmaN binds to promoters in an inactive form and only initiates transcription when activated by enhancer-binding positive control proteins. We now provide evidence to show...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.10.5006
更新日期:1997-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Beta subunits of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are encoded in four genes and display additional molecular diversity because of alternative splicing. At the functional level, all forms are very similar except for beta2a, which differs in that it does not support prepulse facilitation of alpha1C Ca2+ channels, inhibits vo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.8.4690
更新日期:1998-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::X-ray structures of bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase have suggested that the enzyme, which reduces O(2) in a process coupled with a proton pumping process, contains a proton pumping pathway (H-pathway) composed of a hydrogen bond network and a water channel located in tandem across the enzyme. The hydrogen bond netwo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0611627104
更新日期:2007-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::The blue-light receptor genes (sopII) of sensory rhodopsin (SR) II were cloned from two species, the halophilic bacteria Haloarcula vallismortis (vSR-II) and Natronobacterium pharaonis (pSR-II). Upstream of both sopII gene loci, sequences corresponding to the halobacterial transducer of rhodopsin (Htr) II were recogni...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.7.3036
更新日期:1995-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::A varying oxygen environment is known to affect cellular function in disease as well as activity of various therapeutics. For transient structures, whether they are unconstrained therapeutic transplants, migrating cells during tumor metastasis, or cell populations induced by an immunological response, the role of oxyg...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1815909116
更新日期:2019-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a sirtuin family deacetylase that directs acetylome signaling, protects genome integrity, and is a murine tumor suppressor. We show that SIRT2 directs replication stress responses by regulating the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), a protein required for recovery from replication arres...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1301463110
更新日期:2013-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::We have constructed a phylogenic tree for green plants by comparing 5S rRNA sequences. The tree suggests that the emergence of most of the uni- and multicellular green algae such as Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, Ulva, and Chlorella occurred in the early stage of green plant evolution. The branching point of Nitella is a l...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.3.820
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanical forces have key roles in regulating activation of T cells and coordination of the adaptive immune response. A recent example is the ability of T cells to sense the rigidity of an underlying substrate through the T-cell receptor (TCR) coreceptor CD3 and CD28, a costimulation signal essential for cell activat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1315606111
更新日期:2014-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::Both plants and animals require the activity of proteins containing nucleotide binding (NB) domain and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains for proper immune system function. NB-LRR proteins in plants (NLR proteins in animals) also require conserved regulation via the proteins SGT1 and cytosolic HSP90. RAR1, a protein sp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0904877106
更新日期:2009-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::The completion of the human genome project and the development of high-throughput approaches herald a dramatic acceleration in the pace of biological research. One of the most compelling next steps will be learning the functional roles of all proteins. Achievement of this goal depends in part on the rapid expression a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.042684199
更新日期:2002-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::The assembly of clathrin-coated vesicles on Golgi membranes is initiated by the GTP-binding protein ADP ribosylation factor (ARF), which generates high-affinity membrane-binding sites for the heterotetrameric AP-1 adaptor complex. Once bound, the AP-1 recruits clathrin triskelia, which polymerize to form the coat. We ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.9.5013
更新日期:1999-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::Loads on molecular motors regulate and coordinate their function. In a study that directly measures properties of internally strained myosin 2 heads bound to actin, we find that human nonmuscle myosins 2A and 2B show marked load-dependent changes in kinetics of ADP release but not in nucleotide binding. We show that t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0701181104
更新日期:2007-06-12 00:00:00