Abstract:
:Mice defective for the Polk gene, which encodes DNA polymerase kappa, are viable and do not manifest obvious phenotypes. The present studies document a spontaneous mutator phenotype in Polk(-/-) mice. The initial indication of enhanced spontaneous mutations in these mice came from the serendipitous observation of a postulated founder mutation that manifested in multiple disease states among a cohort of mice comprising all three possible Polk genotypes. Polk(-/-) and isogenic wild-type controls carrying a reporter transgene (the lambda-phage cII gene) were used for subsequent quantitative and qualitative studies on mutagenesis in various tissues. We observed significantly increased mutation frequencies in the kidney, liver, and lung of Polk(-/-) mice, but not in the spleen or testis. G:C base pairs dominated the mutation spectra of the kidney, liver, and lung. These results are consistent with the notion that Pol kappa is required for accurate translesion DNA synthesis past naturally occurring polycyclic guanine adducts, possibly generated by cholesterol and/or its metabolites.
journal_name
DNA Repair (Amst)journal_title
DNA repairauthors
Stancel JN,McDaniel LD,Velasco S,Richardson J,Guo C,Friedberg ECdoi
10.1016/j.dnarep.2009.09.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-12-03 00:00:00pages
1355-62issue
12eissn
1568-7864issn
1568-7856pii
S1568-7864(09)00238-9journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
DNA REPAIR文献大全abstract::Cellular DNA is constantly challenged by damage-inducing factors derived from exogenous or endogenous sources. Thus, to protect against DNA damage, cells have evolved complex and finely regulated mechanisms collectively known as DNA-damage response (DDR). However, DNA repair in eukaryotes does not occur merely in nake...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.06.009
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA damage created by endogenous or exogenous genotoxic agents can exist in multiple forms, and if allowed to persist, can promote genome instability and directly lead to various human diseases, particularly cancer, neurological abnormalities, immunodeficiency and premature aging. To avoid such deleterious outcomes, c...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.04.015
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A/p21 confers cell-cycle arrest in response to DNA damage and inhibits DNA replication through its direct interaction with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase complexes. Previously, we reported that in response to densely ionizing ...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2012.02.006
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian CtIP protein and its orthologs in other eukaryotes promote the resection of DNA double-strand breaks and are essential for meiotic recombination. Here we review the current literature supporting the role of CtIP in DNA end processing and the importance of CtIP endonuclease activity in DNA repair. We also...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.04.016
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In eukaryotic cells, DNA associates with histones and exists in the form of a chromatin hierarchy. Thus, it is generally believed that many eukaryotic cellular DNA processing events such as replication, transcription, recombination and DNA repair are influenced by the packaging of DNA into chromatin. This mini-review ...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.09.026
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice defective in the mismatch repair (MMR) gene Msh2 manifest an enhanced predisposition to skin cancer associated with exposure to UVB radiation. This predisposition is further heightened if the mice are additionally defective for the nucleotide excision repair gene Xpc. To test the hypothesis that the predispositio...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1568-7864(02)00143-x
更新日期:2002-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::8-Oxoguanine (8-oxoG) is a major oxidative lesion produced in DNA by normal cellular metabolism or after exposure to exogenous sources such as ionizing radiation. Persistence of this lesion in DNA causes G to T transversions, with deleterious consequences for the cell. As a result, several repair processes have evolve...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.01.003
更新日期:2004-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Human cancers frequently harbour mutations in DNA repair genes, rendering the use of DNA damaging agents as an effective therapeutic intervention. As therapy-resistant cells often arise, it is important to better understand the molecular pathways that drive resistance in order to facilitate the eventual targeting of s...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102939
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flaws in the DNA replication process have emerged as a leading driver of genome instability in human diseases. Alteration to replication fork progression is a defining feature of replication stress and the consequent failure to maintain fork integrity and complete genome duplication within a single round of S-phase co...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.08.017
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expansion of a CGG-repeat tract in the 5' UTR of FMR1 is responsible for the Fragile X-related disorders (FXDs), FXTAS, FXPOI and FXS. Previous work in a mouse model of these disorders has implicated proteins in the base excision and the mismatch repair (MMR) pathways in the expansion mechanism. However, the precise r...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.12.004
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to joining broken DNA strands, several non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) proteins have a second seemingly antithetical role in constructing functional telomeres, the nucleoprotein structures at the termini of linear eukaryotic chromosomes that prevent joining between natural chromosome ends. Although NHEJ ...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2003.11.007
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparison of the clinical and cellular phenotypes of different genomic instability syndromes provides new insights into functional links in the complex network of the DNA damage response. A prominent example of this principle is provided by examination of three such disorders: ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) caused by la...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.04.009
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human RAD51 recombinase possesses DNA pairing and strand exchange activities that are essential for the error-free, homology-directed repair of DNA double-strand breaks. The recombination activities of RAD51 are activated upon its assembly into presynaptic filaments on single-stranded DNA at resected DSB ends. Def...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.10.008
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative DNA damage is repaired primarily by the base excision repair (BER) pathway in a process initiated by removal of base lesions or mismatched bases by DNA glycosylases. MutY homolog (MYH, MUTYH, or Myh1) is a DNA glycosylase which excises adenine paired with the oxidative lesion 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2014.01.001
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The integrity of cellular genome is continuously challenged by endogenous and exogenous DNA damaging agents. If DNA damage is not removed in a timely fashion the replisome may stall at DNA lesions, causing fork collapse and genetic instability. Base excision DNA repair (BER) is the most important pathway for the remov...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102769
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an increasing demand for phenotyping assays in the field of human functional genetics. DNA repair activity is representative of this functional approach, being seen as a valuable biomarker related to cancer risk. Repair activity is evaluated by incubating a cell extract with a DNA substrate containing lesions...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.07.011
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The developing brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative DNA damage, which may be the cause of most major congenital mental anomalies. The repair enzyme ogg1 initiates the highly conserved base-excision repair pathway. However, its function in the embryonic brain is largely unknown. This study is the first to vali...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.08.018
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidatively induced DNA lesions have been implicated in the etiology of many diseases (including cancer) and in aging. Repair of oxidatively damaged bases in all organisms occurs primarily via the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway, initiated with their excision by DNA glycosylases. Only two mammalian DNA glycosyl...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2006.10.011
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::TFIIH is a multiprotein complex that has a central role in the RNA pol II mediated transcription, in DNA repair and in the control of the cell cycle. Mutations in some components of TFIIH are associated with three hereditary human syndromes: xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), Cockayne syndrome (CS) and trichothiodystrophy (T...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1568-7864(02)00012-5
更新日期:2002-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species generate ~20,000 oxidative lesions in the DNA of every cell, every day. Most of these lesions are located within nucleosomes, which package DNA in chromatin and impede base excision repair (BER). We demonstrated previously that periodic, spontaneous partial unwrapping of DNA from the underlying...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.08.010
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is the enzyme critically responsible for the production of the 5'-deoxynucleoside-triphosphates (dNTPs), the direct precursors for DNA synthesis. The dNTP levels are tightly controlled to permit high efficiency and fidelity of DNA synthesis. Much of this control occurs at the level of th...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2012.02.001
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::recX is a small open reading frame located downstream of recA that is conserved in many bacteria. In Escherichia coli, the recX gene (also named oraA) is a 501 bp open reading frame that encodes a predicted basic protein. Transcriptional analysis by Northern blots showed that in E. coli the recX gene is SOS-regulated....
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1568-7864(02)00217-3
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Fanconi Anemia (FA) pathway encodes a DNA damage response activated by DNA damage-stalled replication forks. Current evidence suggests that the FA pathway initiates with DNA damage recognition by the FANCM complex (FANCM/FAAP24/MHF). However, genetic inactivation of FANCM in mouse and DT40 cells causes only a part...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2011.09.006
更新日期:2011-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleotide excision repair and reversal of pyrimidine dimers by photolyase (photoreactivation) are two major pathways to remove UV-lesions from DNA. Here, it is discussed how lesions are recognized and removed when the DNA is condensed into nucleosomes. During the recent years it was shown that nucleosomes inhibit pho...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2005.04.005
更新日期:2005-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) is the major pathway for the repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in human cells. NHEJ requires the catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs), Ku70, Ku80, XRCC4, DNA ligase IV and Artemis, as well as DNA polymerases mu and lambda and polynucleotide kinase. R...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2008.06.015
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mononucleotide microsatellites are tandem repeats of a single base pair, abundant within coding exons and frequent sites of mutation in the human genome. Because the repeated unit is one base pair, multiple mechanisms of insertion/deletion (indel) mutagenesis are possible, including strand-slippage, dNTP-stabilized, a...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.02.016
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During DNA synthesis in vitro using dNTP and rNTP concentrations present in vivo, yeast replicative DNA polymerases α, δ and ɛ (Pols α, δ and ɛ) stably incorporate rNTPs into DNA. rNTPs are also incorporated during replication in vivo, and they are repaired in an RNase H2-dependent manner. In strains encoding a mutato...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2011.02.001
更新日期:2011-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Telomeres play an important role in protecting the ends of chromosomes and preventing chromosome fusion. We have previously demonstrated that double-strand breaks near telomeres in mammalian cells result in either the addition of a new telomere at the site of the break, termed chromosome healing, or sister chromatid f...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2008.04.004
更新日期:2008-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::Base excision repair of oxidized DNA in human cells is initiated by several DNA glycosylases with overlapping substrate specificity. The human endonuclease VIII homologue NEIL1 removes a broad spectrum of oxidized pyrimidine and purine lesions. In this study of NEIL1 we have identified several key residues, located in...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2012.07.002
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Base excision repair (BER) is a major defense pathway against spontaneous DNA damage. This multistep process is initiated by DNA glycosylases that recognise and excise the damaged base, and proceeds by the concerted action of additional proteins that perform incision of the abasic site, gap filling and ligation. BER h...
journal_title:DNA repair
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.02.011
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00