Structure of toroidal DNA collapsed inside the phage capsid.

abstract：:BSC-1 cells, epithelial cells of African green monkey kidney origin, show pronounced density-dependent regulation of growth in cell culture. Growth of the cells is rapid to a density of approximately 1.5 x 10(5) cells/per cm(2) in Dulbecco-modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% calf serum. Above this "saturatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holley RW,Armour R,Baldwin JH

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyanogen bromide fragments were isolated from the heavy chains of three human IgG myeloma proteins of the V(H)III subgroup, sequenced by an automated method, and localized to the variable region. Inspection of these sequences, together with corresponding stretches from both human and animal proteins (studied in other ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kehoe JM,Capra JD

更新日期：1971-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protooncogenic protein Vav has the structure of an intracellular signal transducer. It is exclusively expressed in cells of hematopoietic lineage and plays a crucial role in hematopoietic cell differentiation. Here we report that both in cell extracts and within intact mammalian cells Vav binds to Grb2 (Sem-5/ASH/...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ye ZS,Baltimore D

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A study has been made of Cauchy's problem for a class of abstract parabolic differential equations. Our study is based upon a transformation that maps solutions of second-order abstract Cauchy problems into solutions of first-order. This is a preliminary report on some of the results obtained. These results include (1...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Donaldson JA

更新日期：1971-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gene EPXH2 encodes for the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), an enzyme involved in the regulation of cardiovascular and renal physiology containing two distinct domains connected via a proline-rich linker. The C-terminal domain containing the EH catalytic activity has been well studied. In contrast, a function for ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Newman JW,Morisseau C,Harris TR,Hammock BD

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic-cell hybrids have been shown to maintain the correct epigenetic chromatin states to study developmental globin gene expression as well as gene expression on the active and inactive X chromosomes. This suggests the potential use of somatic-cell hybrids containing either a maternal or a paternal human chromosome...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gabriel JM,Higgins MJ,Gebuhr TC,Shows TB,Saitoh S,Nicholls RD

更新日期：1998-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The tumor promoter 12-O-tetra-decanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) has been defined by its ability to promote tumorigenesis on carcinogen-initiated mouse skin. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling has a decisive role in mouse skin carcinogenesis, but it remains unclear how TPA activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mouse s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Su Z,Song J,Wang Z,Zhou L,Xia Y,Yu S,Sun Q,Liu SS,Zhao L,Li S,Wei L,Carson DA,Lu D

更新日期：2018-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The yeast flora found in the major substrates of Drosophila mojavensis and in larval guts was studied both qualitatively and quantitatively. Quantitative studies show that, in four of the five substrates tested, the larvae did not contain a random sample of the yeasts present in the substrates. One widely distributed ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fogleman JC,Starmer WT,Heed WB

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate cellular diversity and clonal evolution in tissues and tumors, one must resolve genomic heterogeneity in single cells. To this end, we have developed low-cost, mass-producible micro-/nanofluidic chips for DNA extraction from individual cells. These chips have modules that collect genomic DNA for sequencin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marie R,Pedersen JN,Bærlocher L,Koprowska K,Pødenphant M,Sabatel C,Zalkovskij M,Mironov A,Bilenberg B,Ashley N,Flyvbjerg H,Bodmer WF,Kristensen A,Mir KU

更新日期：2018-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The last 500 million years of the strontium-isotope record are shown to correlate significantly with the concurrent record of isotopic fractionation between inorganic and organic carbon after the effects of recycled sediment are removed from the strontium signal. The correlation is shown to result from the common depe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rothman DH

更新日期：2002-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous investigations have focused on DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation; however, photoionization threshold energies of nucleic acid components in aqueous solution are not known. Herein, data from gas-phase photoelectron experiments have been combined with results from self-consistent field and post-self-cons...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernando H,Papadantonakis GA,Kim NS,LeBreton PR

更新日期：1998-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) represents a significant genetic resource for crop improvement in barley (Hordeum vulgare) and for the study of the evolution and domestication of plant populations. The Isa gene from barley has a putative role in plant defense. This gene encodes a bifunctional alpha-amylase/subtilisin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cronin JK,Bundock PC,Henry RJ,Nevo E

更新日期：2007-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the role of the interferon- (IFN) gammaR2 chain in IFN-gamma signaling and immune function, IFN-gammaR2-deficient mice have been generated and characterized. Cells derived from IFN-gammaR2 -/- mice are unable to activate either JAK/STAT signaling proteins or gene transcription in response to IFN-gamma. The la...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu B,Ebensperger C,Dembic Z,Wang Y,Kvatyuk M,Lu T,Coffman RL,Pestka S,Rothman PB

更新日期：1998-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic screens have been performed to identify mutants with altered auxin homeostasis in Arabidopsis. A tagged allele of the auxin-overproducing mutant sur2 was identified within a transposon mutagenized population. The SUR2 gene was cloned and shown to encode the CYP83B1 protein, which belongs to the large family of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barlier I,Kowalczyk M,Marchant A,Ljung K,Bhalerao R,Bennett M,Sandberg G,Bellini C

更新日期：2000-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Two adjacent, divergently transcribed, developmentally regulated genes of the maize chloroplast chromosome have different superhelical density/transcriptional activation profiles when transcribed in vitro by the homologous DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Promoter-specific transcription of the gene for the beta and epsil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stirdivant SM,Crossland LD,Bogorad L

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wine chemical compositions, which result from a complex interplay between environmental factors, genetic factors, and viticultural practices, have mostly been studied using targeted analyses of selected families of metabolites. Detailed studies have particularly concerned volatile and polyphenolic compounds because of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gougeon RD,Lucio M,Frommberger M,Peyron D,Chassagne D,Alexandre H,Feuillat F,Voilley A,Cayot P,Gebefügi I,Hertkorn N,Schmitt-Kopplin P

更新日期：2009-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Horse heart cytochrome c can be split with cyanogen bromide into a heme peptide (residues 1-65) and a nonheme peptide (residues 66-104). In a process involving (i) complex formation between the two fragments and (ii) restoration of the severed peptide linkage, a fully active cytochrome c preparation can be re-formed. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barstow LE,Young RS,Yakali E,Sharp JJ,O'Brien JC,Berman PW,Harbury HA

更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elastogenesis is a hierarchical process by which cells form functional elastic fibers, providing elasticity and the ability to regulate growth factor bioavailability in tissues, including blood vessels, lung, and skin. This process requires accessory proteins, including fibulin-4 and -5, and latent TGF binding protein...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kumra H,Nelea V,Hakami H,Pagliuzza A,Djokic J,Xu J,Yanagisawa H,Reinhardt DP

更新日期：2019-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Striatal enkephalin and dynorphin opioid systems mediate reward and negative affect, respectively, relevant to addiction disorders. We examined polymorphisms of proenkephalin (PENK) and prodynorphin (PDYN) genes in relation to heroin abuse and gene expression in the human striatum and the relevance of genetic dopamine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nikoshkov A,Drakenberg K,Wang X,Horvath MC,Keller E,Hurd YL

更新日期：2008-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligosaccharyltransferase transfers an oligosaccharide chain to the asparagine residues in proteins. The archaeal and eubacterial oligosaccharyltransferases are single subunit membrane enzymes, referred to as "AglB" (archaeal glycosylation B) and "PglB" (protein glycosylation B), respectively. Only one crystal structu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matsumoto S,Shimada A,Nyirenda J,Igura M,Kawano Y,Kohda D

更新日期：2013-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial pathogens with the ability to establish chronic infections have evolved strategies to actively modulate the host immune response. Brucellosis is a disease caused by a Gram-negative intracellular pathogen that if not treated during the initial phase of the infection becomes chronic as the bacteria persist for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spera JM,Ugalde JE,Mucci J,Comerci DJ,Ugalde RA

更新日期：2006-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of recombinant plasmids was generated in Escherichia coli in which the TEM beta-lactamase translocon (TnA) was inserted into the small plasmid RSF1010. RSF1010 is a 5.5 X 10(6) dalton nonconjugative plasmid which confers resistance to streptomycin and sulfonamide. The recombinant plasmids can be classified in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Heffron F,Rubens C,Falkow S

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For over 40 y the dominant theory of stomatal behavior has been that plants should open stomates until the carbon gained by an infinitesimal additional opening balances the additional water lost times a water price that is constant at least over short periods. This theory has persisted because of its remarkable succes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolf A,Anderegg WR,Pacala SW

更新日期：2016-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbohydrate-based vaccines have shown therapeutic efficacy for infectious disease and cancer. The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) containing complex polysaccharides has been used as antitumor supplement, but the mechanism of immune response has rarely been studied. Here, we show that the mice immunized with a l-f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liao SF,Liang CH,Ho MY,Hsu TL,Tsai TI,Hsieh YS,Tsai CM,Li ST,Cheng YY,Tsao SM,Lin TY,Lin ZY,Yang WB,Ren CT,Lin KI,Khoo KH,Lin CH,Hsu HY,Wu CY,Wong CH

更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Neovascular diseases of the retina include age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, and together they comprise the leading causes of adult-onset blindness in developed countries. Current surgical, pharmaceutical, and laser therapies for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) rarely result in improved...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raisler BJ,Berns KI,Grant MB,Beliaev D,Hauswirth WW

更新日期：2002-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA-directed DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) from leukocytes of individual leukemic patients can be grouped by velocity gradient analyses into two distinct classes, a low-molecular-weight (LMW) class of approximately 70,000 and a high-molecular-weight (HMW) class of 130,000 to 140,000. The reverse transcriptase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mondal H,Gallagher RE,Gallo RC

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction between mutations in the tumor-suppressor genes Apc and p53 was studied in congenic mouse strains to minimize the influence of polymorphic modifiers. The multiplicity and invasiveness of intestinal adenomas of Apc(Min/+) (Min) mice was enhanced by deficiency for p53. In addition, the occurrence of desm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Halberg RB,Katzung DS,Hoff PD,Moser AR,Cole CE,Lubet RA,Donehower LA,Jacoby RF,Dove WF

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Eosinophils have been associated with fibrosis. To investigate their direct role in fibrosis, human peripheral blood eosinophil sonicate was added to human lung or dermal fibroblasts, and proliferation ([(3)H]thymidine) and collagen synthesis ([(3)H]proline) were evaluated. Proliferation was enhanced significantly in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levi-Schaffer F,Garbuzenko E,Rubin A,Reich R,Pickholz D,Gillery P,Emonard H,Nagler A,Maquart FA

更新日期：1999-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides that represent protein binding sites in the regulatory regions of the mouse genes encoding transthyretin (TTR) and alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) bound a nuclear protein factor(s) found mainly in hepatocytes. A site in the regulatory region of the gene encoding rat serum albumin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Costa RH,Grayson DR,Xanthopoulos KG,Darnell JE Jr

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hox genes encode transcription factors that control spatial patterning during embryogenesis. To date, downstream targets of Hox genes have proven difficult to identify. Here, we describe studies designed to identify target genes under the control of the murine transcription factor Hoxc8. We used a mouse 16,463 gene ol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lei H,Wang H,Juan AH,Ruddle FH

更新日期：2005-02-15 00:00:00