Abstract:
:Hox genes encode transcription factors that control spatial patterning during embryogenesis. To date, downstream targets of Hox genes have proven difficult to identify. Here, we describe studies designed to identify target genes under the control of the murine transcription factor Hoxc8. We used a mouse 16,463 gene oligonucleotide microarray to identify mRNAs whose expression was altered by the overexpression of Hoxc8 in C57BL/6J mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF) in cell culture (in vitro). We identified a total of 34 genes whose expression was changed by 2-fold or greater: 16 genes were up-regulated, and 18 genes were down-regulated. The majority of genes encoded proteins involved in critical biological processes, such as cell adhesion, migration, metabolism, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. Two genes showed high levels of regulation: (i) secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1), also known as osteopontin (OPN), was down-regulated 4.8-fold, and (ii) frizzled homolog 2 (Drosophila) (Fzd2) was up-regulated 4.4-fold. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis confirmed the direct interaction between the OPN promoter and Hoxc8 protein in vivo, supporting the view that OPN is a direct transcriptional target of Hoxc8.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Lei H,Wang H,Juan AH,Ruddle FHdoi
10.1073/pnas.0409700102keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-02-15 00:00:00pages
2420-4issue
7eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0409700102journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have assessed whether retinoic acid (RA) comes from local sources or is available widely to activate gene expression in embryos. We used an RA-responsive indicator cell line, L-C2A5, to localize RA sources. In these cells, an RA-sensitive promoter/lacZ reporter construct used previously by us to produce indicator t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.14.6572
更新日期:1993-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::After encoding, memory traces are initially fragile and have to be reinforced to become permanent. The initial steps of this process occur at a cellular level within minutes or hours. Besides this rapid synaptic consolidation, systems consolidation occurs within a time frame of days to years. For declarative memory, t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0705454104
更新日期:2007-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::The main consequence of the Chernobyl accident has been an increase in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) in those exposed to radioactive fallout as young children. Our aim was to identify genomic alterations that are associated with exposure to radiation. We used array comparative genomic hybridization to analyze a ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1017137108
更新日期:2011-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Reaction of the normal isomer of [B20H18]2- and the protected thiol anion, [SC(O)OC(CH3)3]-, produces an unexpected isomer of [B20H17SC(O)OC(CH3)3]4- directly and in good yield. The isomer produced under mild conditions is characterized by an apical-apical boron atom intercage connection as well as the location of the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.11.6406
更新日期:1999-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::We report an approach for the detection of magnetic resonance imaging without superconducting magnets and cryogenics: optical atomic magnetometry. This technique possesses a high sensitivity independent of the strength of the static magnetic field, extending the applicability of magnetic resonance imaging to low magne...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605396103
更新日期:2006-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::OLE (ornate, large, extremophilic) RNAs comprise a class of structured noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) found in many extremophilic bacteria species. OLE RNAs constitute one of the longest and most widespread bacterial ncRNA classes whose major biochemical function remains unknown. In the Gram-positive alkaliphile Bacillus hal...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1803191115
更新日期:2018-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::The largest known DNA viruses infect Acanthamoeba and belong to two markedly different families. The Megaviridae exhibit pseudo-icosahedral virions up to 0.7 μm in diameter and adenine-thymine (AT)-rich genomes of up to 1.25 Mb encoding a thousand proteins. Like their Mimivirus prototype discovered 10 y ago, they enti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1320670111
更新日期:2014-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::We have noted consistent structural similarities among unrelated proteases. In comparison with other proteins of similar size, proteases have smaller than average surface areas, smaller radii of gyration, and higher C(alpha) densities. These findings imply that proteases are, as a group, more tightly packed than other...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.070548997
更新日期:2000-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Choroideremia is an X-linked hereditary retinal degeneration resulting from mutations in the Rab escort protein-1 (REP1). The Rep1 protein facilitates posttranslational modification of Rab proteins, which regulate intracellular trafficking in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors and are likely invol...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605818104
更新日期:2007-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::Murine embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are refractory to infection by retroviruses because retroviral long terminal repeat (LTR) enhancers have little activity in EC cells. A previous report described the isolation of clonal EC cell lines that express the integrated neomycin-resistance gene (neo) linked to the Moloney ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.11.3748
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleotide excision repair (NER) prevents skin cancer by eliminating highly genotoxic cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) induced in DNA by the UVB component of sunlight. NER consists of two distinct but overlapping subpathways, i.e., global NER, which removes CPD from the genome overall, and transcription-coupled NE...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1232161100
更新日期:2003-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::A purified EcoRI restriction endonuclease fragment that determines resistance to kanamycin and is incapable of self-replication was used to select autonomously replicating fragments from an EcoRI digest of a Salmonella typhimurium F' plasmid containing the chromosomal region believed to include the S. typhimurium orig...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.7.3097
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Loss of a whole chromosome 5 or a deletion of its long arm (5q) is a recurring abnormality in malignant myeloid neoplasms. To determine the location of genes on 5q that may be involved in leukemogenesis, we examined the deleted chromosome 5 homologs in a series of 135 patients with malignant myeloid diseases. By compa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.12.5484
更新日期:1993-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Deregulated production of nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in the development of certain human diseases, including cancer. We sought to assess the damaging potential of NO produced under long-term conditions through the development of a suitable model cell culture system. In this study, we report that when murine...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.22.11875
更新日期:1997-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::A common genetic mutation found in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CC-RCC) is the loss of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene, which results in stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), and contributes to cancer progression and metastasis. CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) was shown to promote metastasis ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1011777108
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Underactivity of the glutamatergic system is an attractive model for the pathophysiology of several major mental illnesses. We previously described a chromosome abnormality disrupting the kainate class ionotropic glutamate receptor gene, GRIK4/KA1, in an individual with schizophrenia and learning disability (mental re...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0800643105
更新日期:2008-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Werner syndrome and Bloom syndrome result from defects in the RecQ helicases Werner (WRN) and Bloom (BLM), respectively, and display premature aging phenotypes. Similarly, XFE progeroid syndrome results from defects in the ERCC1-XPF DNA repair endonuclease. To gain insight into the origin of cellular senescence and hu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1006338107
更新日期:2010-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::Dendrite morphogenesis is regulated by neuronal activity or neurotrophins, which may function by activating intrinsic signaling proteins, including Rho family GTPases. Here we report that activity- and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-dependent dendritic morphogenesis requires activation of geranylgeranyltrans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0800846105
更新日期:2008-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes are down-regulated during osteogenesis, myogenesis, and adipogenesis, necessitating a mechanistic understanding of interrelationships between growth control and phenotype commitment. Here, we show that cell fate-determining factors [MyoD, myogenin (Mgn), Runx2, C/EBPbeta] occupy rDNA loci an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0800970105
更新日期:2008-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::The maintenance of robust blood flow to the brain is crucial to the health of brain tissue. We examined the pial network of the middle cerebral artery, which distributes blood from the cerebral arteries to the penetrating arterioles that source neocortical microvasculature, to characterize how vascular topology may su...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1007239107
更新日期:2010-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::Two out of seven meningiomas tested in early cell cultures by indirect immunofluorescence staining showed simian virus 40 (SV40)-related tumor (T) antigen. In one tumor 90% of the cells were positive. An additional SV40-related antigen (U) was found in 10% of cells of a third tumor. These findings indicate that the me...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.2.609
更新日期:1975-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disruption of Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV) with low levels of Nonidet P-40 yielded "immature" cores. These cores have a diameter of about 920 A, as opposed to the 1300-A diameter of RLV, possess knob-like protuberances, and contain a concentrically coiled internal strand apposed to the core shell. The two major polyp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.8.3446
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of plant chemical ecology generally dates to the late 1950s, when evolutionary entomologists recognized the essential role of plant secondary metabolites in plant-insect interactions and suggested that plant chemical diversity evolved under the selection pressure of herbivory. However, similar ideas had alr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0709231105
更新日期:2008-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian homologues of Drosophila Trp form plasma membrane channels that mediate Ca(2+) influx in response to activation of phospholipase C and internal Ca(2+) store depletion. Previous studies showed that human Trp3 is activated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptors (IP(3)Rs) and identified interacting d...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.051632698
更新日期:2001-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying causal effects in nonexperimental data is an enduring challenge. One proposed solution that recently gained popularity is the idea to use genes as instrumental variables [i.e., Mendelian randomization (MR)]. However, this approach is problematic because many variables of interest are genetically correlated...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1707388115
更新日期:2018-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Parts of the primary structure of the NAD-specific glutamate dehydrogenase [L-glutamate:NAD oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.1.2] from Neurospora crassa are presented. Segments of the sequence representing 886 unique amino-acid residues have been determined; the largest contains 267 residues. There are only short ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.12.4891
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hearing is one of the last sensory modalities to be subjected to genetic analysis in Drosophila melanogaster. We describe a behavioral assay for auditory function involving courtship among groups of males triggered by the pulse component of the courtship song. In a mutagenesis screen for mutations that disrupt the aud...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.26.14837
更新日期:1997-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Stabilization of neuronal activity by homeostatic control systems is fundamental for proper functioning of neural circuits. Failure in neuronal homeostasis has been hypothesized to underlie common pathophysiological mechanisms in a variety of brain disorders. However, the key molecules regulating homeostasis in centra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1424810112
更新日期:2015-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::The potent muscarinic photoaffinity reagent N-methyl-4-piperidyl p-azidobenzilate (azido-4NMPB) was used to covalently label specific muscarinic binding sites in various brain regions and in the heart. In the cortex and hippocampus, a single specifically labeled protein with an apparent molecular mass of 86,000 dalton...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.1.156
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ubiquitous gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recognized to play a crucial role in human health. Using cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE)-deficient mice, we demonstrate an unexpected role of H2S in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) pathogenesis. We showed that Mtb-infected CSE-/- mice survive longer than WT m...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1919211117
更新日期:2020-03-24 00:00:00