Targeted disruption of the interferon-gamma receptor 2 gene results in severe immune defects in mice.

abstract：:Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists such as thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are widely used to treat type 2 diabetes, how its activation in individual tissues contributes to TZD's therapeutic action remains controversial. As TZDs are known to have receptor-independent effects, we s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sugii S,Olson P,Sears DD,Saberi M,Atkins AR,Barish GD,Hong SH,Castro GL,Yin YQ,Nelson MC,Hsiao G,Greaves DR,Downes M,Yu RT,Olefsky JM,Evans RM

更新日期：2009-12-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The functions of neurotransmitters in fetal development are poorly understood. Genetic observations have suggested a role for the inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the normal development of the mouse palate. Mice homozygous for mutations in the beta-3 GABAA receptor subunit devel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Condie BG,Bain G,Gottlieb DI,Capecchi MR

更新日期：1997-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Seamless and minimally invasive integration of 3D electronic circuitry within host materials could enable the development of materials systems that are self-monitoring and allow for communication with external environments. Here, we report a general strategy for preparing ordered 3D interconnected and addressable macr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Xie C,Dai X,Jin L,Zhou W,Lieber CM

更新日期：2013-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Four new members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, referred to as fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs), have been identified by a combination of random cDNA sequencing, data base searches, and degenerate PCR. Pairwise comparisons between the four FHFs show between 58% and 71% amino acid seque...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smallwood PM,Munoz-Sanjuan I,Tong P,Macke JP,Hendry SH,Gilbert DJ,Copeland NG,Jenkins NA,Nathans J

更新日期：1996-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Annealed metals are surprisingly difficult to cut, involving high forces and an unusually thick "chip." This anomaly has long been explained, based on ex situ observations, using a model of smooth plastic flow with uniform shear to describe material removal by chip formation. Here we show that this phenomenon is actua...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yeung H,Viswanathan K,Compton WD,Chandrasekar S

更新日期：2015-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:If a population (species) consists of n haploid lines (subpopulations) which reproduce asexually and each of which is subject to random extinction and subsequent replacement, it is shown that, at equilibrium in which mutational production of new alleles and their random extinction balance each other, the genetic diver...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maruyama T,Kimura M

更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The crossed strand-exchange form (Holliday structure, half chiasma) has been predicted as an intermediate in the genetic recombination of eukaryotes. We report here the detection of this form in the yeast plasmid, 2-micron DNA, isolated during meiosis. Physical mapping has previously suggested that two forms of 2-micr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bell L,Byers B

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is now well established that glasses feature quasilocalized nonphononic excitations-coined "soft spots"-, which follow a universal [Formula: see text] density of states in the limit of low frequencies ω. All glass-specific properties, such as the dependence on the preparation protocol or composition, are encapsulat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rainone C,Bouchbinder E,Lerner E

更新日期：2020-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Human urokinase cDNA clones have been identified from a cDNA library prepared from total RNA of human fibroblasts transformed by simian virus 40 [Okayama, H. & Berg, P. (1983) Mol. Cell. Biol. 3, 280-289]. Synthetic oligonucleotides, corresponding to urokinase protein sequence, were used as probes. The cloned cDNA cov...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Verde P,Stoppelli MP,Galeffi P,Di Nocera P,Blasi F

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As assessed by ultrastructure, histochemical staining, and T-cell dependency, in vitro-differentiated inter-leukin 3-dependent mouse mast cells are comparable to the mast cells that reside in the gastrointestinal mucosa but not in the skin or the serosal cavity of the mouse. We now demonstrate that when cloned interle...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dayton ET,Pharr P,Ogawa M,Serafin WE,Austen KF,Levi-Schaffer F,Stevens RL

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete nucleotide sequences of the cDNAs encoding the heavy- and light-chain variable regions (VH and VL) of myeloma protein W3129, an anti-alpha(1----6)-dextran with a unique combining site, have been determined. The VH region is encoded by a germ-line gene highly homologous to VH441, which also appears to be u...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Borden P,Kabat EA

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmids have been constructed to generate substrates for the study of proteinases 2A and 3C of poliovirus. They contain the P1 (capsomer precursor) region of the poliovirus genome or P1 and part of P2 (a nonstructural precursor), which can be transcribed and translated in vitro. A transcript containing the entire 5' ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nicklin MJ,Kräusslich HG,Toyoda H,Dunn JJ,Wimmer E

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 1H NMR study of the 79-residue globular domain of chicken erythrocyte histone H5 (GH5) is presented. Using a combination of two-dimensional NMR techniques to demonstrate through-bond and through-space (less than 5 A) connectivities, the resonances of GH5 are assigned in a sequential manner. From a qualitative interp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zarbock J,Clore GM,Gronenborn AM

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental and computational simulations revealed that boron clusters, which favor planar (2D) structures up to 18 atoms, prefer 3D structures beginning at 20 atoms. Using global optimization methods, we found that the B20 neutral cluster has a double-ring tubular structure with a diameter of 5.2 A. For the B(-)20 a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kiran B,Bulusu S,Zhai HJ,Yoo S,Zeng XC,Wang LS

更新日期：2005-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Although common in birds, social monogamy, or pair-living, is rare among mammals because internal gestation and lactation in mammals makes it advantageous for males to seek additional mating opportunities. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the evolution of social monogamy among mammals: as a male ma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Opie C,Atkinson QD,Dunbar RI,Shultz S

更新日期：2013-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling through beta-arrestins is a recently appreciated mechanism used by seven-transmembrane receptors. Because G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) phosphorylation of such receptors is generally a prerequisite for beta-arrestin binding, we studied the roles of different GRKs in promoting beta-arrestin-mediated...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ren XR,Reiter E,Ahn S,Kim J,Chen W,Lefkowitz RJ

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of raite was solved and refined from data collected at Beamline Insertion Device 13 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, using a 3 x 3 x 65 microm single crystal. The refined lattice constants of the monoclinic unit cell are a = 15.1(1) A; b = 17.6(1) A; c = 5.290(4) A; beta = 100.5(2)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pluth JJ,Smith JV,Pushcharovsky DY,Semenov EI,Bram A,Riekel C,Weber HP,Broach RW

更新日期：1997-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Intestinal CD103(-) dendritic cells (DCs) are pathogenic for colitis. Unveiling molecular mechanisms that render these cells proinflammatory is important for the design of specific immunotherapies. In this report, we demonstrated that mesenteric lymph node CD103(-) DCs express, among other proinflammatory cytokines, h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kourepini E,Aggelakopoulou M,Alissafi T,Paschalidis N,Simoes DC,Panoutsakopoulou V

更新日期：2014-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful model organism for dissecting the neurogenetic basis of appetitive and aversive behaviors. However, some methods used to assay food preference require or cause starvation. This can be problematic for fly ethanol research because it can be difficult to dissociate caloric preference...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Park A,Tran T,Atkinson NS

更新日期：2018-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The photoaffinity labeling agent 5-azidoindole-3-acetic acid, an analog of the endogenous plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (an auxin), was used to identify indole-3-acetic acid-binding proteins in maize. Two peptides with subunit molecular masses of 24 and 22 kilodaltons are specifically labeled in a saturable manne...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jones AM,Venis MA

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction method with precise control of hydrostatic conditions, typically with helium or neon as the pressure-transmitting medium, has significantly changed our view on what happens with low-density silica phases under pressure. Coesite is a prototype material for pressure-induced...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu W,Wu X,Liang Y,Liu C,Miranda CR,Scandolo S

更新日期：2017-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A genomic clone of one member of the Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase (S-adenosyl-L-methionine methylthioadenosine-lyase, EC 4.4.1.14) gene family (AT-ACC1) was isolated and sequenced. A region of homology was found in the 5'-untranslated region with the promoter of a z...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van der Straeten D,Rodrigues-Pousada RA,Villarroel R,Hanley S,Goodman HM,Van Montagu M

更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have cloned four lambda light chain constant region (C) genes from mouse embryo DNA. Each carries its own joining (J) segment approximately 1.3 kilobases to its 5' side. The four C genes occur in two clusters, 5' J3C3J1C13' and 5' J2C2J4C43', with C4 being a new C lambda gene. We have also shown that V lambda 1 is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blomberg B,Traunecker A,Eisen H,Tonegawa S

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The induction of hemoglobin synthesis by dimethylsulfoxide in cells infected with Friend leukemia virus has been shown to depend on the number of cell divisions after the addition of the inducing agent. In asynchronous cultures the cells have a generation time of 24 hr, and hemoglobin synthesis occurs after 48 hr in t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McClintock PR,Papaconstantinou J

更新日期：1974-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zeatin is the most active and ubiquitous of the naturally occurring cytokinins. The O-glucoside of zeatin, found in all plants examined, is considered to be important in cytokinin transport, storage, and protection against cytokinin oxidases. The enzyme UDPglucose:zeatin O-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.203) was previo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Martin RC,Mok MC,Mok DW

更新日期：1999-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogenase is an ATP-requiring enzyme capable of carrying out multielectron reductions of inert molecules. A purified remodeled nitrogenase containing two amino acid substitutions near the site of its FeMo cofactor was recently described as having the capacity to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) to methane (CH4). Here, we...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fixen KR,Zheng Y,Harris DF,Shaw S,Yang ZY,Dean DR,Seefeldt LC,Harwood CS

更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The Schiff base adducts of glyceraldehyde with hemoglobin undergo Amadori rearrangement to form stable ketoamine structures; this reaction is similar to the nonenzymic glucosylation of proteins. In the present studies the analogous rearrangement of the Schiff base adducts of glycolaldehyde with proteins has been demon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Acharya AS,Manning JM

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about how genetic variation and epigenetic marks interact to shape differences in behavior. The foraging (for) gene regulates behavioral differences between the rover and sitter Drosophila melanogaster strains, but the molecular mechanisms through which it does so have remained elusive. We show that th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anreiter I,Kramer JM,Sokolowski MB

更新日期：2017-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Establishment of functional synaptic connections in a selective manner is essential for nervous system operation. In mammalian retinas, rod and cone photoreceptors form selective synaptic connections with different classes of bipolar cells (BCs) to propagate light signals. While there has been progress in elucidating ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cao Y,Wang Y,Dunn HA,Orlandi C,Shultz N,Kamasawa N,Fitzpatrick D,Li W,Zeitz C,Hauswirth W,Martemyanov KA

更新日期：2020-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone methyltransferase G9a has critical roles in promoting cancer-cell growth and gene suppression, but whether it is also associated with the DNA damage response is rarely studied. Here, we report that loss of G9a impairs DNA damage repair and enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation and chemotherapeu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang Q,Zhu Q,Lu X,Du Y,Cao L,Shen C,Hou T,Li M,Li Z,Liu C,Wu D,Xu X,Wang L,Wang H,Zhao Y,Yang Y,Zhu WG

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00