Abstract：
:The purpose of this study was to determine the swimmers' loss of speed during the underwater gliding motion of a grab start. This study also set out to determine the kinematical variables influencing this loss of speed. Eight French national-level swimmers participated in this study. The swimmers were filmed using 4 mini-DV cameras during the entire underwater phase. Using the DLT technique and the Dempster's anthropometric data, swimmer's movement have been identified. Two principal components analysis (PCA) have been used to study the relations between the kinematical variables influencing the loss of speed. The swimmers reached a velocity between 2.2 and 1.9 ms(-1) after their centre of mass covered a distance ranging between 5.63 and 6.01 m from the start wall. For this range of velocity, head position was included between 6.02 and 6.51 m. First PCA show that the kinematical parameters at the immersion (first image at which the swimmers' whole body was under water) are included in the first two components. Second PCA show that the knee, hip and shoulder angles can be included in the same component. The present study identified the optimal instant for initiating underwater leg movements after a grab start. This study also showed that the performance during the underwater gliding motion is determined as much by variables at the immersion as by the swimmer's loss of speed. It also seems that to hold the streamlined position the synergetic action of the knee, the hip and the shoulder is essential.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
Elipot M,Hellard P,Taïar R,Boissière E,Rey JL,Lecat S,Houel Ndoi
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.03.032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-06-19 00:00:00pages
1367-70issue
9eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
S0021-9290(09)00132-8journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of mechanical strain, anisotropy, and tissue region on electrical conductivity and ion diffusivity in meniscus fibrocartilage. A one-dimensional, 4-wire conductivity experiment was employed to measure the electrical conductivity in porcine meniscus tissue...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.06.011
更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerical models commonly account for elastic inhomogeneity in cortical bone using power-law scaling relationships with various measures of tissue density, but limited experimental data exists for anatomic variation in elastic anisotropy. A recent study revealed anatomic variation in the magnitude and anisotropy of el...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.04.009
更新日期：2011-06-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular mechanotransduction is an integral part of many crucial physiological processes, but non-invasive tools for quantifying intracellular strain in vivo are not available for complex tissues such as bone. As a first step to address this gap, we have utilized a novel, non-invasive approach to quantify cellular str...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.08.023
更新日期：2016-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of this study were: 1. To study the transfer of energy between the high bar and the gymnast. 2. To develop criteria from the utilisation of high bar elasticity and the utilisation of muscle capacity to assess the effectiveness of a movement solution. 3. To study the influence of varying segment movement upon ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00134-1
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid force generation across submaximal levels has been evaluated with the rate of force development scaling factor (RFD-SF) in different isometric tasks, while such measurement was still not verified in dynamic tasks. Our study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of the RFD-SF in dynamic drop jump (DJ) task (RF...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109980
更新日期：2020-09-18 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to move the finger the tendon force must overcome the gliding resistance of the tendon as well as the forces to move the joints, finger inertias, and external load. These sources, combined, make up the work of flexion (WOF) which has been experimentally used to evaluate the finger function. In this study, we ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00300-7
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Being concerned with physical anthropometric dimensions to explore avenues of research on hands and their working strategies, a research study was made to develop a suitable method by using available photogrammetric resources. The paper discusses the optimums of details found by this study, viz., the use of a Wild C-4...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(87)90039-x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Computational models have the potential to provide precise estimates of stresses and strains associated with sites of coronary plaque rupture. However, lack of adequate mathematical description of diseased human vessel wall mechanical properties is hindering computational accuracy. The goal of this study is to charact...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.11.019
更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous in-vivo studies suggest that the ratio of total lumbar rotation over pelvic rotation (lumbo-pelvic rhythm) during trunk sagittal movement is essential to evaluate spinal loads and discriminate between low back pain and asymptomatic population. Similarly, there is also evidence that the lumbo-pelvic rhythm is ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.10.009
更新日期：2019-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanical properties of vertebrate erythrocytes depend on their cytoskeletal protein networks. Membrane skeleton proteins spectrin and protein 4.1 (4.1R) cross-link with actin to maintain membrane stability under mechanical stress. Phosphorylation of 4.1R alters the affinity of 4.1R for spectrin-actin binding and...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.07.022
更新日期：2014-10-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Implant fixation implies a strong and durable mechanical bond between the prosthetic component and host skeleton. Assuming the short-term impediments to implant fixation are successfully addressed and that longer-term issues such as late infection and mechanical failure of the components are avoided, the biological re...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.12.021
更新日期：2015-03-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The understanding of biomechanical deficits and impaired neural control of gait after stroke is crucial to prescribe effective customized treatments aimed at improving walking function. Instrumented gait analysis has been increasingly integrated into the clinical practice to enhance precision and inter-rater reliabili...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.08.006
更新日期：2017-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：:This study report documents the development of a finite element (FE) model for analyzing trauma in pregnant women involved in road accidents and help the design of a specific safety device. The model is representative of a 50th percentile pregnant woman at 26 weeks of pregnancy in sitting position. To achieve this, th...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.09.013
更新日期：2014-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：:We proposed a velocity control strategy for dynamic posture determination that underlay an optimization-based differential inverse kinematics (ODIK) approach for modeling three-dimensional (3-D) seated reaching movements. In this modeling approach, a four-segment seven-DOF linkage is employed to represent the torso an...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00117-1
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accurate measurement of six-degrees-of-freedom in-vivo kinematics of the total hip arthroplasty (THA) is essential in gaining insights into in-vivo THA performance. The objective of this study was to validate a novel dual fluoroscopy imaging system (DFIS) for determination of the THA kinematics using both in-vitro and...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.02.010
更新日期：2013-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Although numerous studies have addressed the effects of ACL injury and reconstruction on knee joint motion, there is currently little data available describing in vivo ACL strain during activities of daily living. Data describing in vivo ACL strain during activities such as gait is critical to understanding the biomec...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.10.031
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electromyography (EMG) biofeedback training affords patients a better sense of the different muscle activation patterns involved in the movement of the shoulder girdle. It is important to address scapular kinematics with labourers who have daily routines involving large amounts of lifting at shoulder level or higher. ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.04.036
更新日期：2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Misalignment and soft-tissue imbalance in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can cause discomfort, pain, inadequate motion and instability that may require revision surgery. Balancing can be defined as equal collateral ligament tensions or equal medial and lateral compartmental forces during the flexion range. Our goal was...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.01.056
更新日期：2019-03-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Differences between wear-scar features of simulator-tested and retrieved tibial total knee replacement (TKR) liners have been reported. This disagreement may result from differences between in vivo kinematic profiles and those defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The purpose of this stu...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.06.030
更新日期：2009-10-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Theoretical concerns about the use of cemented or press-fit stems in revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) include stress shielding with adverse effects on prosthesis fixation. Revision TKA components are commonly stemmed to protect the limited autogenous bone stock remaining. Revision procedures with the use of stem...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.10.006
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intraoperative digitization of osseous structures is an integral component of computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery. This study determined the repeatability and accuracy of predicting known radii and center locations of spherical objects for different proportions of digitized surface areas and various sphere sizes. Al...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.01.018
更新日期：2009-05-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Radioembolization, which consist of the implantation of radioactive microspheres via intra-arterially placed microcatheter, is a safe and effective treatment for liver cancer. Nevertheless, radioembolization-related complications and side effects may arise, which are an active area of ongoing research. The catheter de...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.09.035
更新日期：2016-11-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Human responses are critical to understanding injury biomechanics in blunt ballistic impacts, which are defined as 20-200 g projectiles impacting at 20-250 m/s. 13 human cadavers were exposed to three distinct ballistic impacts of the chest to determine force-time, deflection-time and force-deflection responses. Compa...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(03)00238-0
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes a method to simulate fusion of morselized cancellous bone. The morselized cancellous bone is mixed with an epoxy adhesive, in empirically determined proportions. The mixture is then impacted into a construct. When the epoxy cures, the morselized material fuses into a cohesive, contiguous structu...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00032-x
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Solids such as polymers, soft biological tissues display visco-hyperelastic, isochoric and finite deformation behaviour. The incompressibility constraint imposed severe restriction on the displacement field results in volumetric locking. Many techniques have been developed to address the issue such as reduced integrat...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.03.016
更新日期：2018-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this investigation was to determine how the moment arms and architecture of the wrist muscles influence their isometric moment-generating characteristics. A three-dimensional computer graphic model was developed that estimates the moment arms, maximum isometric forces, and maximum isometric flexion-exte...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(97)00015-8
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple method of recording the three-dimensional movements of the mandible together with up to 10 channels of other physiological data is described. The system is based on a commercially available device, the Cybermouse (IPC, Freemont, CA, U.S.A.), consisting of a lightweight ultrasonic emitter which can be attached...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(97)00012-2
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanical environment in callus is determinant for the evolution of bone healing. However, recent mechanobiological computational works have underestimated the effect that growth exerts on the mechanical environment of callus. In the present work, we computationally evaluate the significance of growth-induced stresse...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.04.021
更新日期：2011-06-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Uniaxial tensile tests are commonly used to characterize the structural and material properties of tendons and ligaments. During these tests, the stress and strain distributions applied to the specimen are assumed to be uniform. However, few studies have investigated the strain distributions throughout the tissue. The...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.12.021
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, the electro-mechanical properties of human knee articular cartilage were measured in vitro. An arthroscopic measurement tool was used to measure streaming potential integral (SPI), after which creep indentation tests were performed. Additionally, degradation level of the tissue was determined in ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.02.004
更新日期：2013-04-26 00:00:00
