Abstract：
:The hypocretins (abbreviated 'Hcrts' - also called 'orexins') are two neuropeptides secreted exclusively by a small population of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. These peptides bind to two receptors located throughout the brain in nuclei associated with diverse cognitive and physiological functions. Initially, the brain Hcrt system was found to have a major role in the regulation of sleep/wake transitions. More recent studies indicate Hcrts may play a role in other physiological functions, including food intake, addiction, and stress. Taken together, these studies suggest a general role for Hcrts in mediating arousal, especially when an organism must respond to unexpected stressors and challenges in the environment.
journal_name
Curr Opin Pharmacoljournal_title
Current opinion in pharmacologyauthors
Carter ME,Schaich Borg J,de Lecea Ldoi
10.1016/j.coph.2008.12.018subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-02-01 00:00:00pages
39-45issue
1eissn
1471-4892issn
1471-4973pii
S1471-4892(09)00002-2journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder with the potential to cause serious neurological complications. Conventional therapies for hyponatremia have been found to be inconsistently effective. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is etiologically critical for hyponatremia, and it has been proven that AVP receptor (AVP-R) a...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2006.09.009
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use and utility of computational models in drug development has significantly grown in the last decades, fostered by the availability of high throughput datasets and new data analysis strategies. These in silico approaches are demonstrating their ability to generate reliable predictions as well as new knowledge on...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2018.08.007
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuroepithelial bodies (NEB) of the intrapulmonary airways (AW) are multimodal AW sensors responding to a variety of stimuli including hypoxia, hypercarbia, and mechanical stretch. NEBs are richly innervated by a diverse population of mostly vagal afferent nerve fibers and owing to their early developmental matura...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2011.04.003
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabotropic GABAB receptors clearly modify cognitive performance in preclinical animal models, yet translation to treating human disease has been elusive. Compared to their ionotropic GABAA receptor counterpart GABAB receptors not only regulate postsynaptic excitability but also regulate diverse synaptic inputs by pr...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2017.09.012
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biomedical applications of porous silicon include drug delivery, imaging, diagnostics and immunotherapy. This review summarizes new silicon particle fabrication techniques, dynamics of cellular transport, advances in the multistage vector approach to drug delivery, and the use of porous silicon as immune adjuvants. Re...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2013.06.006
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Somatostatin (SOM) is a regulatory peptide produced throughout the central nervous system and in most major peripheral organs. In humans, the SOM stable analogue octreotide (OCT) is used to treat opioid-resistant pain. In animal models, SOM and OCT are analgesics and SOM released from the peripheral endings of sensory...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4892(02)00007-3
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Classical gene targeting has identified many genes important for fetal and placental development. Null mutation of these genes may lead to fetal growth restriction, malformation or embryonic death. Growth restriction of epigenetic basis can predispose to adult-onset diseases. The mechanisms underlying this process, te...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4892(01)00108-4
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolic syndrome constitutes a group of metabolic conditions that increase the risk of developing diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). LXRα/β are regulators of lipogenesis, cholesterol/glucose homoeostasis and inflammatory pathways, processes that are intertwined with devel...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2010.07.003
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), in recent years, have been shown to signal via multiple distinct pathways. Furthermore, biased ligands for some receptors can differentially stimulate or inhibit these pathways versus unbiased endogenous ligands or drugs. Biased ligands can be used to gain a deeper understanding of...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2014.04.002
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased understanding of gastrointestinal pathophysiology in functional bowel disorders is leading to improved focus on relevant enteric, vagal and spinal afferent nervous systems, and targets operating on these systems. These targets include receptors for tachykinins, motilin, ghrelin, corticotropin-releasing facto...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4892(02)00228-x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first therapeutic aptamer was approved for human use in 2004, and a range of chemical substitutions that improve the drug-like properties of aptamers has recently been shown to increase the utility of this modality. Currently there are both anticoagulant and antithrombotic aptamers in the clinic, and additionally ...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2007.12.005
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type 1 human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG1) potassium channels are a key determinant of normal repolarization of cardiac action potentials. Loss of function mutations in hERG1 channels cause inherited long QT syndrome and increased risk of cardiac arrhythmia and sudden death. Many common medications that block hER...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2013.11.006
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two new approaches for the treatment of osteoporosis are summarized, each having arisen out of important new discoveries in bone biology. Odanacatib (ODN) inhibits the enzyme, cathepsin K, that is essential for the resorbing activity of osteoclasts. It is effective in preventing ovariectomy-induced bone loss in precli...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2014.03.004
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Encapsulation is an important technology for pharmaceutical industry, food production, et cetera. Its current level of development requires capsule functionalization. One of the interesting ideas to provide new functionality to the microcapsule and nanocapsule is layer-by-layer deposition of functional species. This t...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2014.09.002
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) now increasingly target deep remission, yet the resultant more aggressive use of medical therapy is associated with potentially serious adverse events and significant costs. It is, therefore, of vital importance to consider when, how and in whom medical therapy...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2020.09.014
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of HIV protease inhibitors (HIV PIs) has been one of the most significant advances of the past two decades in controlling HIV infection. HIV PIs have been used successfully in highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV infection, which is currently the most effective treatment available. Inc...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2014.07.008
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart disease is the most common cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in those receiving dialysis. Atherosclerosic cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) accounts for a large number of these deaths. Atherosclerosis is accelerated in patients with CKD due predominantly to the high preva...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2012.12.001
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inflammatory response is regulated by the production of different extracellular mediators, including lipids and extracellular nucleotides. In the extracellular environment, intermediate lipids activate specific G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in target cells and promote cell recruitment and activation. Extrace...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2019.02.004
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For decades it has been thought that a neuron releases only one classical neurotransmitter from all of its processes. However, recent work has shown that most neuronal populations release more than one classical transmitter, and indeed that the transmitters can be segregated into different processes of the same neuron...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2005.12.001
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Improvements in databases have already impacted GPCR research. The purpose of the review is to give a snapshot of the GPCR data available and provide utility examples. Consequently, this review covers a small set of major databases, including UniProt for proteins, Ensembl for genes, ChEMBL for bioactive chemistry and ...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2016.07.002
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis. Defective mucociliary clearance associated with the absence of the functional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in airway epithelium plays a critical role in...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2006.12.005
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vitro surveillance data, which provide key information to interpret the results of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) target attainment studies, are used to support dose selection decisions and recommendations for in vitro susceptibility testing criteria for antibacterial agents during drug development. Consi...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2017.10.009
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A complex network operates in the spinal dorsal horn to integrate peripheral nociceptive inputs with local and descending control mechanisms, and to cross-talk with higher brain areas. Injury to peripheral sensory nerves can trigger a cascade of events within this relay which, in some cases, may turn into abnormal res...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2011.10.021
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurodegenerative diseases represent a large group of neurological disorders with heterogeneous clinical and pathological profiles. The majority of current therapeutic strategies provide temporary symptomatic relief but do not target the underlying disease pathobiology and thus do not affect disease progression. G pro...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2017.02.001
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For many years the idea of a cough center in the brain dominated discussions in the field without any substantial progress in defining what this cough center is or how it functions. Substantial progress has now been made and many of the central neural elements involved in coughing are being described. Furthermore, hyp...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2011.05.005
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemokines in the brain have been recognised as essential elements in neurodegenerative diseases and related neuroinflammation. Recent studies suggest that in addition to the orchestration of chemotaxis of immune cells, chemokines are also involved in neurodevelopment and neurophysiological signalling. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4892(01)00122-9
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of the recent advancement in the molecular characterization of malignant gliomas and medulloblastomas, the treatment of primary brain tumors remains suboptimal. The use of small molecule inhibitors of intracellular signaling pathways, inhibitors of angiogenesis, and immunotherapic agents is limited by systemi...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2018.02.005
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a decapeptide that stimulates pituitary synthesis and secretion of gonadotropins and, therefore, gonadal hormones. GnRH antagonists, of which thousands have been formulated, inhibit the hormone from binding to its receptor, inducing a pharmacological hypophysectomy...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2003.06.009
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmaceutical industry is currently abandoning its antibacterial discovery research efforts. This seems to be part of a cyclical pattern in this therapeutic area. The reasons behind these ongoing cycles of feast and famine are multiple, but most revolve around the perception of market opportunities from the conti...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2003.04.003
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical trials of selective small-molecule inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity have shown that these targeted inhibitors of proliferative signal transduction provide well-tolerated antitumour activity in patients. Preclinical pharmacology studies illustrate the potential use of the...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4892(02)00183-2
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
