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Modulation of metabolic and clock gene mRNA rhythms by pineal and retinal circadian oscillators.

Abstract：

:Avian circadian organization involves interactions between three neural pacemakers: the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), pineal, and retina. Each of these structures is linked within a neuroendocrine loop to influence downstream processes and peripheral oscillations. However, the contribution of each structure to drive or synchronize peripheral oscillators or circadian outputs in avian species is largely unknown. To explore these interactions in the chick, we measured 2-deoxy[(14)C]-glucose (2DG) uptake and mRNA expression of the chick clock genes bmal1, cry1, and per3 in three brain areas and in two peripheral organs in chicks that underwent pinealectomy, enucleation, or sham surgery. We found that 2DG uptake rhythms damp under constant darkness in intact animals, while clock gene mRNA levels continue to cycle, demonstrating that metabolic rhythms are not directly driven by clock gene transcription. Moreover, 2DG rhythms are not phase-locked to rhythms of clock gene mRNA. However, pinealectomy and enucleation had similar disruptive effects on both metabolic and clock gene rhythms, suggesting that both of these oscillators act similarly to reinforce molecular and physiological rhythms in the chicken. Finally, we show that the relative phasing of at least one clock gene, cry1, varies between central and peripheral oscillators in a tissue specific manner. These data point to a complex, differential orchestration of central and peripheral oscillators in the chick, and, importantly, indicate a disconnect between canonical clock gene regulation and circadian control of metabolism.

journal_name

Gen Comp Endocrinol

journal_title

General and comparative endocrinology

authors

Karaganis SP,Bartell PA,Shende VR,Moore AF,Cassone VM

doi

10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.12.015

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-04-01 00:00:00

pages

179-92

issue

2

eissn

0016-6480

issn

1095-6840

pii

S0016-6480(08)00459-0

journal_volume

161

pub_type

杂志文章

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