Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize current knowledge about gastrointestinal radiation toxicity, with emphasis on mechanisms and clinical diagnosis and management. RECENT FINDINGS:While there has been only modest change in cancer incidence and cancer mortality rates during the past 30 years, the number of cancer survivors has more than doubled. Moreover, the recognition of uncomplicated cancer cure as the ultimate goal in oncology has intensified efforts to prevent, diagnose, and manage side effects of radiation therapy. These efforts have been facilitated by recent insight into the underlying pathophysiology. SUMMARY:The risk of injury to the intestine is dose limiting during abdominal and pelvic radiation therapy. Delayed bowel toxicity is difficult to manage and adversely impacts the quality of life of cancer survivors. More than 200,000 patients per year receive abdominal or pelvic radiation therapy, and the estimated number of cancer survivors with postradiation intestinal dysfunction is 1.5-2 million. Worthwhile progress towards reducing toxicity of radiation therapy has been made by dose-sculpting treatment techniques. Approaches derived from an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of bowel injury, however, will result in further advances. This article discusses the mechanisms of radiation-induced bowel toxicity and reviews current principles in diagnosis and management.
journal_name
Curr Opin Support Palliat Carejournal_title
Current opinion in supportive and palliative careauthors
Hauer-Jensen M,Wang J,Boerma M,Fu Q,Denham JWdoi
10.1097/SPC.0b013e3281108014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-04-01 00:00:00pages
23-9issue
1eissn
1751-4258issn
1751-4266pii
01263393-200704000-00007journal_volume
1pub_type
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journal_title:Current opinion in supportive and palliative care
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