Abstract:
:Hypoxia alters the biological functions of skeletal muscle cells to proliferate and differentiate into myotubes. However, the cellular responses of myoblasts to hypoxia differ according to the levels of oxygen and the types of cells studied. This study examined the effect of hypoxia (1% oxygen) on bovine satellite cells. Hypoxia significantly increased the proliferation of satellite cells cultured in a growth medium. In addition, the levels of PCNA, cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (CDK1) and CDK2 expression were increased. Hypoxia facilitated the formation of myotubes as well as the stimulation of MyoD, myogenin, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) expression in differentiating medium (DM) cultures. In particular, satellite cells cultured under hypoxic/DM conditions showed increased p21 expression but not p27. The transfection of satellite cells with antisense MyoD oligonucleotides resulted in a decrease in the MHC, myogenin, MRF4 RNA and protein levels with the concomitant decrease in fused cells to levels similar to those observed under normoxia/DM conditions. This indicates that MyoD up-regulation is closely associated with hypoxia-stimulated myogenic differentiation. In conclusion, hypoxia stimulates the proliferation of satellite cells and promotes their myogenic differentiation with MyoD playing an important role.
journal_name
Cell Biol Intjournal_title
Cell biology internationalauthors
Kook SH,Son YO,Lee KY,Lee HJ,Chung WT,Choi KC,Lee JCdoi
10.1016/j.cellbi.2008.03.017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-08-01 00:00:00pages
871-8issue
8eissn
1065-6995issn
1095-8355pii
S1065-6995(08)00381-8journal_volume
32pub_type
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