Dentistry and the ethics of infection.

abstract：:The question of whether old age should or should not play a role in medical decision-making for the elderly patient is regularly debated in ethics and medicine. In this paper we investigate exactly how age influences the decision-making process. To explore the normative argumentation in the decisions regarding an elde...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Ubachs-Moust J,Houtepen R,Vos R,ter Meulen R

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple self approaches purport that to have equal concern about all stages of one's life is not a requirement of rationality. This poses a challenge to the prudential lifespan account which Norman Daniels advocates in Just health: meeting health needs fairly. Daniels has criticised the multiple self approach in earl...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Schefczyk M

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare 2005 and 1995 ethics guidelines from journal editors to authors regarding requirements for institutional review board (IRB) approval and conflict-of-interest (COI) disclosure. DESIGN:A descriptive study of the ethics guidelines published in 103 English-language biomedical journals listed in the A...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Rowan-Legg A,Weijer C,Gao J,Fernandez C

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the decades of experimentation on the placebo effect, it has become clear that it is driven largely by expectation, and that strong expectations of efficacy are more likely to give rise to the experience of benefit. No wonder the placebo effect has come to resemble a self-fulfilling prophecy. However, this resemb...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Justman S

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To explore mental health service users' views of existing and proposed compulsory powers. DESIGN:A qualitative study employing in-depth interviews. Participants were asked to respond to hypothetical questions regarding the application of compulsory powers under the Mental Health Act 1983 for people other th...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Canvin K,Bartlett A,Pinfold V

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dr. Bernstein suggests that anti-vivisectionists should be able to fill in a directive requesting that they receive no medical treatment developed through work on animals. It is replied that this would only be reasonable if research not using animals had long been funded as adequately and its results were currently av...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Sprigge T

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following the influential Gifford and Reith lectures by Onora O'Neill, this paper explores further the paradigm of individual autonomy which has been so dominant in bioethics until recently and concurs that it is an aberrant application and that conceptions of individual autonomy cannot provide a sufficient and convin...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Stirrat GM,Gill R

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the UK undergraduate medical ethics curricula against the Institute of Medical Ethics (IME) recommendations; to identify barriers to teaching and assessment of medical ethics and to evaluate perceptions of ethics faculties on the preparation of tomorrow's doctors for clinical practice. DESIGN:Qu...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Brooks L,Bell D

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Downie comments on Sieghart's article, "Professions as the conscience of society" (Journal of Medical Ethics 1985 Sep; 11(3): 117-122). He charges that Sieghart is blurring empirical, conceptual, and moral claims when he contends that the professional relationship is unique in that "altruism is paramount and self-int...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Downie RS

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Adolescents have had very limited access to research on biomedical prevention interventions despite high rates of HIV acquisition. One concern is that adolescents are a vulnerable population, and trials carry a possibility of harm, requiring investigators to take additional precautions. Of particular concern ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Ott MA,Alexander AB,Lally M,Steever JB,Zimet GD,Adolescent Medicine Trials Network (ATN) for HIV\/AIDS Interventions.

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the views of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and professionals in relation to confidentiality, consent and access to data within a proposed MS register in the UK. DESIGN:Qualitative study using focus groups (10) and interviews (13). SETTING:England and Northern Ireland. PARTICIPANTS:68 peo...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Baird W,Jackson R,Ford H,Evangelou N,Busby M,Bull P,Zajicek J

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discussions on the ethics and regulation of clinical research have a great deal to say about the responsibilities of investigators, sponsors, research institutions and institutional review boards, but very little about the responsibilities of research participants. In this article, we discuss the responsibilities of p...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Resnik DB,Ness E

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to a recent convention on human rights and biomedicine, coercive treatment of psychiatric patients may only be given if, without such treatment, serious harm is likely to result to the health of the patient; it must not be given in the interest of other people. In the present article a discussion is undertak...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Tannsjo T

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The importance of respecting patients and participants in clinical research is widely recognised. However, what it means to respect persons beyond recognising them as autonomous is unclear, and little is known about what patients find to be respectful. OBJECTIVE:To understand patients' conceptions of respec...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Dickert NW,Kass NE

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In healthcare, a tension sometimes arises between the injunction to do as much good as possible with scarce resources and the injunction to rescue identifiable individuals in immediate peril, regardless of cost (the "Rule of Rescue"). This tension can generate serious ethical and political difficulties for public poli...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Cookson R,McCabe C,Tsuchiya A

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper explores the use of advance directives in clinical dementia research. The focus is on advance consent to participation of demented patients in non-therapeutic research involving more than minimal risks and/or burdens. First, morally relevant differences between advance directives for treatment and care, and...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Berghmans RL

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the central arguments given to resist testing currently healthy, asymptomatic children for adult-onset diseases is that they may be psychologically harmed by the knowledge gained from such tests. In this discussion I examine two of the most serious arguments: children who are tested may face limited futures, an...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Malpas PJ

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the mid-1990s most EU Member States have established a national forensic DNA database. These mass repositories of DNA profiles enable the police to identify DNA stains which are found at crime scenes and are invaluable in criminal investigation. Governments have always brushed aside privacy objections by stressi...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Van Camp N,Dierickx K

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The realm of non-rational influence, which includes nudging, is home to many other morally interesting phenomena. In this paper, I introduce the term bumping, to discuss the category of unintentional non-rational influence. Bumping happens constantly, wherever people make choices in environments where they are affecte...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Miyata-Sturm A

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until recently, moral case deliberation (MCD) sessions have mostly been facilitated by external experts, mainly professional ethicists. We have developed a train the facilitator programme for healthcare professionals aimed at providing them with the competences needed for being an MCD facilitator. In this paper, we pr...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Plantinga M,Molewijk B,de Bree M,Moraal M,Verkerk M,Widdershoven GA

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Teaching medical ethics by the case method may be enriched by adding to the principles-and-rules approach to practical reasoning modes of inquiry and interpretation that engage the moral imagination. :Carson and Higgs are strong advocates of the use of case studies in the teaching of medical ethics. Carson maintains...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Carson RA

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, it has become almost axiomatic that biomedical research and clinical practice should be 'innovative'-that is, that they should be always evolving and directed towards the production, translation and implementation of new technologies and practices. While this drive towards innovation in biomedicine mi...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Lipworth W,Axler R

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:'Futility' is a contentious term that has eluded clear definition, with proposed descriptions either too strict or too vague to encompass the many facets of medical care. Requests for futile care are often surrogates for requests of a more existential character, covering the whole range of personal, emotional, cultura...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Vivas L,Carpenter T

更新日期：2020-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Eduard Seidler sets his discussion of the teaching of medical ethics in the Federal Republic of Germany against an historical background. Immediately after the Second World War the freshness of the memory of the 'Nuremberg Medical Trials' influenced the way in which moral dilemmas were treated in Germany. At the prese...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Seidler E

更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:David Shaw's response to Hugh McLachlan's criticism of his proposed new perspective on euthanasia is ineffectual, mistaken and unfair. It is false to say that the latter does not present an argument to support his claim that there is a moral difference between killing and letting die. It is not the consequences alone ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： McLachlan H

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physician-written "do not resuscitate" DNR orders elicit negative reactions from stakeholders that may decrease appropriate end-of-life care. The semantic significance of the phrase has led to a proposed replacement of DNR with "allow natural death" (AND). Prior to this investigation, no scientific papers address the ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Venneman SS,Narnor-Harris P,Perish M,Hamilton M

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the context of 'Do-not-resuscitate' (DNR) decisions, there is a lack of information in the UK on the opinions of patients and prospective patients. Written anonymous responses to questionnaires issued to 322 out-patient subjects showed that 97 per cent would opt for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in their curr...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Robertson GS

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) by request and/or based on an advance directive are legal in The Netherlands under strict conditions, thus providing options for patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and other neurodegenerative diseases to stay in control and choose their end of life. HD is an inherit...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Booij SJ,Engberts DP,Rödig V,Tibben A,Roos RA

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unit 731, a biological warfare research organisation that operated under the authority of the Imperial Japanese Army in the 1930s and 1940s, conducted brutal experiments on thousands of unconsenting subjects. Because of the US interest in the data from these experiments, the perpetrators were not prosecuted and the at...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Hickey D,Li SS,Morrison C,Schulz R,Thiry M,Sorensen K

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To study some ethical problems created by accession of a previously nomadic and traditional society to modern invasive medicine, by assessment of physicians' attitudes towards sharing information and decision-making with patients in the setting of a serious illness. DESIGN:Self-completion questionnaire admi...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Mobeireek AF,al-Kassimi FA,al-Majid SA,al-Shimemry A

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00