The multiple self objection to the prudential lifespan account.

abstract：:The death toll from tobacco is staggering: it might contribute to one billion premature deaths over the course of the 21st century. In 'The case for banning cigarettes', Kalle Grill and Kristin Voigt argue that the well-being and equality benefits of a complete ban on cigarettes more than justify the restrictions on a...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Doucet M

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children participating in clinical research may show signs of discomfort, discontent, dissent and so on, that cannot be solved by comforting the child. When, and on what ground, should such signs lead to the decision to withdraw the child from the trial? In order to adequately protect children participating in clinica...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Bos W,Westra A,de Beaufort I,van de Vathorst S

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On 9 May 2005, the Israeli Ministry of Health issued guidelines spelling out the conditions under which sex selection by preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for social purposes is to be permitted in Israel. This article first reviews the available medical methods for sex selection, the preference for children of a...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Landau R

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unit 731, a biological warfare research organisation that operated under the authority of the Imperial Japanese Army in the 1930s and 1940s, conducted brutal experiments on thousands of unconsenting subjects. Because of the US interest in the data from these experiments, the perpetrators were not prosecuted and the at...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Hickey D,Li SS,Morrison C,Schulz R,Thiry M,Sorensen K

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Teaching medical ethics by the case method may be enriched by adding to the principles-and-rules approach to practical reasoning modes of inquiry and interpretation that engage the moral imagination. :Carson and Higgs are strong advocates of the use of case studies in the teaching of medical ethics. Carson maintains...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Carson RA

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The editorial in the September 1982 issue of this journal and many articles before and since have addressed the problem of informed consent. Is it possible? Is it a useful concept? Is there anything new to be said about it? In this article the basic rationale of the rule (patient autonomy) is explained and the extent ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Kirby MD

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, I explore under what circumstances it might be morally acceptable to transplant organs from a patient lacking capacity. I argue, with a developed hypothetical based around a mother and son, that (1) 'Best interests' should be interpreted broadly to include the interests that people have previously expre...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Fritz Z

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two principles form the basis for much priority setting in health. According to the greater benefit principle, resources should be directed toward the intervention with the greater health benefit. According to the worse off principle, resources should be directed toward the intervention benefiting those initially wors...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Ottersen T

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The internet is becoming increasingly important in health care practice. The number of health-related web sites is rising exponentially as people seek health-related information and services to supplement traditional sources, such as their local doctor, friends, or family. The development of e-medicine poses important...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Parker M,Gray JA

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The President's Council on Bioethics in 2008 reaffirmed the necessity of the dead donor rule and the legitimacy of the current criteria for diagnosing both neurological and cardiac death. In spite of this report,many have continued to express concerns about the ethics of donation after circulatory death, the ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Chaten FC

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To analyse the decision making for end of life care for patients with cancer at a teaching hospital in Japan at two periods 10 years apart. DESIGN AND SETTING:Retrospective study conducted in a 550 bed community teaching hospital in Okinawa, Japan. PATIENTS:There were 124 terminally ill cancer patients (45...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Tokuda Y,Nakazato N,Tamaki K

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One theme of London University lawyer Ian Kennedy's 1980 Reith Lectures on medical ethics was the need to change the emphasis in physician patient relations from paternalism on the part of doctors to self determination on the part of patients. Bamford, a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology, demonstrates how reali...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Bamford PN

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arguments are advanced, on a pragmatic basis, for preferring a 'situational' approach to medical ethical problems, rather than an approach based on any one of the dogmatic formulations on offer. The consequences of such a preference are exemplified in relation to confidentiality; and in relation to the ethical dilemma...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Black D

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the recent developments in the Human Genome Mapping Project and the new technologies that are developing from it there is a renewal of concern about eugenic applications. Francis Galton (b1822, d1911), who developed the subject of eugenics, suggested that the ancient Greeks had contributed very little to social t...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Galton DJ

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To allow patients to reflect about a decision to participate in a clinical trial, guidelines suggest a 24-h delay from when they are informed about the trial to when they give consent. In certain clinical settings, this is likely to hamper recruitment. METHOD:After oral and written information about the tri...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Gulbrandsen P,Jensen BF

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapid emergence and exploding usage of online social networking forums, which are frequented by millions, present clinicians with new ethical and professional challenges. Particularly among a younger generation of physicians and patients, the use of online social networking forums has become widespread. In this ar...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Guseh JS 2nd,Brendel RW,Brendel DH

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of regenerative medicine is to reconstruct tissue that has been lost or pathologically altered. Therapeutic cloning seems to offer a method of achieving this aim; however, the ethical debate surrounding human therapeutic cloning is highly controversial. Artificial parthenogenesis-obtaining embryos from unferti...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Fangerau H

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extraordinary events surrounding the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine in the United Kingdom have not only placed in jeopardy the use of this triple vaccine but have also spread concern to other parts of the world. Examination of the public's worry about MMR vaccine reveals they have been exposed to a rang...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Clements CJ,Ratzan S

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The "standard position" on organ donation is that the donor must be dead in order for vital organs to be removed, a position with which we agree. Recently, Robert Truog and Walter Robinson have argued that (1) brain death is not death, and (2) even though "brain dead" patients are not dead, it is morally acceptable to...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Potts M,Evans DW

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Values-based recruitment is used in England to select healthcare staff, trainees and students on the basis that their values align with those stated in the Constitution of the UK National Health Service (NHS). However, it is unclear whether the extensive body of existing literature within the field of moral philosophy...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Groothuizen JE,Callwood A,Gallagher A

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To prevent the planet from catastrophic global warming a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions to net zero is required. Thus, divestment from fossil fuels must be a strategic interest for health insurers. The aim of this study was to analyse the implementation of environmental, social and governance (ESG) cr...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Schneider F,Gogolewska J,Ahrend KM,Hohendorf G,Schneider G,Busse R,Schulz CM

更新日期：2020-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept of Hisba in Muslim law has been used by members of certain Islamic groups to impose, through the courts, limitations on freedom of expression. In so doing they sought to circumvent the right of parliament to legislate on matters of personal freedom. This device is now restricted by the Egyptian authorities...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Badawi Z

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Moral principles or the rules of conduct are based in the society. If the purpose of ethics in research is to take into consideration the needs and the rights of the experimental subject, his social milieu must then largely determine the ethical considerations of a projected study. The inability to comprehend such rig...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Ajayi OO

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For a few decades, patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been treated with intracerebral transplantations of fetal mesencephalic tissue. The results of open trials have been variable. Double blind, placebo-controlled studies have recently been started in order to further investigate the efficacy of this new medi...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Dekkers W,Boer G

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Debate on the potential and uses of human stem cells tends to be conducted by two constituencies-ethicists and scientists. On many occasions there is little communication between the two, with the result that ethical debate is not informed as well as it might be by scientific insights. The aim of this paper is to high...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Towns CR,Jones DG

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Explore public attitudes towards the trade-offs between justice and medical outcome inherent in organ allocation decisions. BACKGROUND:The US Task Force on Organ Transplantation recommended that considerations of justice, autonomy and medical outcome be part of all organ allocation decisions. Justice in this c...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Stahl JE,Tramontano AC,Swan JS,Cohen BJ

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The urgency of the resuscitation and the impaired ability of the patient to make a reasonable autonomous decision both conspire against adequate consideration of the principles of medical ethics. Informed consent is usually not possible for these reasons and this leads many to consider that consent is not required for...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Ardagh M

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging of patients in a vegetative state have raised the possibility that such patients retain some degree of consciousness. In this paper, the ethical implications of such findings are outlined, in particular in relation to decisions about withdrawing life-sustainin...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Wilkinson DJ,Kahane G,Horne M,Savulescu J

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Each Local Research Ethics Committee (LREC) is expected to produce an annual report for its establishing authority. Reports from 145 LRECs were examined with regard to (a) whether the committees were working within the terms of the most recent guidelines from the Department of Health and (b) observations on the role o...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Foster CG,Marshall T,Moodie P

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Students at Newcastle are exposed to patients during their first week at medical school and attached to a family within the first month. The object is to sensitise them to patients as people rather than vehicles of disease. Medical ethics is introduced as part of the multidisciplinary Human Development, Behaviour and ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Smith A

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00