Abstract：
:Scans of the human genome have identified many loci as potential targets of recent selection, but exploration of these candidates is required to verify the accuracy of genomewide scans and clarify the importance of adaptive evolution in recent human history. We present analyses of one such candidate, enamelin, whose protein product operates in tooth enamel formation in 100 individuals from 10 populations. Evidence of a recent selective sweep at this locus confirms the signal of selection found by genomewide scans. Patterns of polymorphism in enamelin correspond with population-level differences in tooth enamel thickness, and selection on enamel thickness may drive adaptive enamelin evolution in human populations. We characterize a high-frequency nonsynonymous derived allele in non-African populations. The polymorphism occurs in codon 648, resulting in a nonconservative change from threonine to isoleucine, suggesting that the allele may affect enamelin function. Sequences of exons from 12 primate species show evidence of positive selection on enamelin. In primates, it has been documented that enamel thickness correlates with diet. Our work shows that bursts of adaptive enamelin evolution occur on primate lineages with inferred dietary changes. We hypothesize that among primate species the evolved differences in tooth enamel thickness are correlated with the adaptive evolution of enamelin.
journal_name
Geneticsjournal_title
Geneticsauthors
Kelley JL,Swanson WJdoi
10.1534/genetics.107.077123subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-03-01 00:00:00pages
1595-603issue
3eissn
0016-6731issn
1943-2631pii
genetics.107.077123journal_volume
178pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GENETICS文献大全abstract：:Phosphatidylinositol catabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells cultured in media containing inositol results in the release of glycerophosphoinositol (GroPIns) into the medium. As the extracellular concentration of inositol decreases with growth, the released GroPIns is transported back into the cell. Exploiting th...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A model is presented showing that natural selection operating at the individual level can adequately explain the evolution of multiple mating behavior by honey bee queens. Group selection need not be invoked. The fitness of a given female genotype is a function of the number of sex alleles in the population, the numbe...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Drosophila mechanosensory bristle number in six recombinant isogenic line (RIL) mapping populations, each of which was derived from an isogenic chromosome extracted from a line selected for high or low, sternopleural or abdominal bristle number and an isogenic wild-type...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The formation and stability of epigenetically regulated chromatin is influenced by DNA replication and factors that modulate post-translational modifications on histones. Here we describe evidence that PCNA can affect silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by facilitating deposition of H3 K56ac onto chromosomes. We pro...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.107.084525
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pigmentation is a rapidly evolving trait that can play important roles in mimicry, sexual selection, thermoregulation, and other adaptive processes in many groups of animals. In Drosophila, pigmentation can differ dramatically among closely related taxa, presenting a good opportunity to dissect the genetic changes und...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.108.091728
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Timely spindle disassembly is essential for coordination of mitotic exit with cytokinesis. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the microtubule-associated protein She1 functions in one of at least three parallel pathways that promote spindle disassembly. She1 phosphorylation by the Aurora kinase Ipl1 facilit...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.114.163238
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transcription factors WHITE COLLAR-1 (WC-1) and WHITE COLLAR-2 (WC-2) interact to form a heterodimeric complex (WCC) that is essential for most of the light-mediated processes in Neurospora crassa. WCC also plays a distinct non-light-related role as the transcriptional activator in the FREQUENCY (FRQ)/WCC feedback...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are many types of DNA damage that are repaired by a multiplicity of different repair pathways. All damage and repair occur in the context of chromatin, and histone modifications are involved in many repair processes. We have analyzed the roles of H2A and its modifications in repair by mutagenizing modifiable res...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.106.063792
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MCM (minichromosome maintenance) proteins function as a replication licensing factor (RLF-M), which contributes to limiting initiation of DNA replication to once per cell cycle. In the present study we show that a truncation of the pol II CTD in a S. cerevisiae strain harboring a mutation in mcm5 partially reverses it...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutator and antimutator alleles often arise and spread in both natural microbial populations and laboratory evolution experiments. The evolutionary dynamics of these mutation rate modifiers are determined by indirect selection on linked beneficial and deleterious mutations. These indirect selection pressures have been...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.116.193565
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA methylation is a chromatin modification that contributes to epigenetic regulation of gene expression. The inheritance patterns and trans-generational stability of 962 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were assessed in a panel of 71 near-isogenic lines (NILs) derived from maize (Zea mays) inbred lines B73 an...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.113.158980
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary cilia have essential roles in transducing signals in eukaryotes. At their core is the ciliary axoneme, a microtubule-based structure that defines cilium morphology and provides a substrate for intraflagellar transport. However, the extent to which axonemal microtubules are specialized for sensory cilium functi...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.110.116996
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian GADD45 (growth arrest and DNA-damage inducible) gene family is composed of three highly homologous small, acidic, nuclear proteins: GADD45alpha, GADD45beta, and GADD45gamma. GADD45 proteins are involved in important processes such as regulation of DNA repair, cell cycle control, and apoptosis. Annotation...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.107.079517
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polycomb group response elements (PREs) play an essential role in gene regulation by the Polycomb group (PcG) repressor proteins in Drosophila. PREs are required for the recruitment and maintenance of repression by the PcG proteins. PREs are made up of binding sites for multiple DNA-binding proteins, but it is still u...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.113.153247
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin E together with its kinase partner Cdk2 is a critical regulator of entry into S phase. To identify novel genes that regulate the G1- to S-phase transition within a whole animal we made use of a hypomorphic cyclin E mutation, DmcycEJP, which results in a rough eye phenotype. We screened the X and third chromosom...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.104.026617
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study attempted to assay the zygotic contribution of X chromosome genes to the genetic control of embryonic morphogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. A systematic screen for X-linked genes which affect the morphology of the embryo was undertaken, employing the phenotype of whole mount embryos as the major screeni...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crossovers (COs) generated through meiotic recombination are important for the correct segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. Several models describing the molecular mechanism of meiotic recombination have been proposed. These models differ in the arrangement of heteroduplex DNA (hDNA) in recombination ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.107.070367
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The degree to which genomic architecture varies across space and time is central to the evolution of genomes in response to natural selection. Bulked-segregant mapping combined with pooled sequencing provides an efficient means to estimate the effect of genetic variants on quantitative traits. We develop a novel likel...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.117.201483
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of large genomic regions with suppressed recombination (SR) is a key shared property of some sex- and mating-type determining (mat) chromosomes identified to date in animals, plants, and fungi. Why such regions form and how they evolve remain central questions in evolutionary genetics. The smut fungus Mic...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.114.171702
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We develop the theory for computing the joint frequency spectra of alleles in two closely related species. We allow for arbitrary population growth in both species after they had a common ancestor. We focus on the case in which a single chromosome is sequenced from one of the species. We use classical diffusion theory...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.107.070730
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend Thell) disomic addition line (2n = 6x = 44), SH1-152-2, with a pair of Elytrigia pontica (Podp.) Holub 2n = 10x = 70 [syn. Agropyron elongatum (Host) P.B.] chromosomes controlling blue aleurone color was crossed with a short-statured spring wheat ;Sonora 64' (T. aestivum). Isoline p...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Competition among domesticated plants or animals can have a dramatic negative impact on yield of a stand or farm. The usual quantitative genetic model ignores these competitive interactions and could result in seriously incorrect breeding decisions and acerbate animal well-being. A general solution to this problem is ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.104.035956
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The behaviour of two "meiotic drive" systems, Segregation-Distorter (SD) and the sex chromosome sc(4)sc(8) has been examined in the same meiocyte. It has been found that the two systems interact in a specific way. When the distorting effects of SD and sc(4)sc(8) are against each other, there is no detectable interacti...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We show how the idea of monotone coupling from the past can produce simple algorithms for simulating samples at a nonneutral locus under a range of demographic models. We specifically consider a biallelic locus and either a general variable population size mode or a general migration model for population subdivision. ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.106.060681
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a fast hierarchical Bayesian method for mapping quantitative trait loci by haplotype-based association, applicable when haplotypes are not observed directly but are inferred from multiple marker genotypes. The method avoids the use of a Monte Carlo Markov chain by employing priors for which the likelihood ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.109.113183
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An article by Singh and colleagues in this issue of GENETICS quantifies variation in recombination rate across a small region of the Drosophila melanogaster genome, providing an opportunity for instructors of genetics to introduce or reinforce important concepts such as recombination and recombination rate variation, ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.113.150771
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe allelic variation at 28 gene loci in natural populations of D. willistoni. Seventy samples were studied from localities extending from Mexico and Florida, through Central America, the West Indies, and tropical South America, down to South Brazil. At least several hundred, and often several thousand, genome...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We demonstrate the involvement of suppressor of meiotic silencing-2 (sms-2(+)), a Neurospora gene coding for an Argonaute-like protein, in meiotic silencing and normal sexual development. ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In eukaryotic cells, checkpoint pathways arrest cell-cycle progression if a particular event has failed to complete appropriately or if an important intracellular structure is defective or damaged. Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that lack the SFP1 gene fail to arrest at the G2 DNA-damage checkpoint in response to ge...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Drosophila melanogaster, the female sexual development of the soma and the germline requires the activity of the gene Sxl. The somatic cells need the function of the gene fl(2)d to follow the female developmental pathway, due to its involvement in the female-specific splicing of Sxl RNA. Here we report the analysis...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
