Abstract:
:Calcium-naive synaptosomes were used to assess the effects of divalent cations on [3H]acetylcholine release from rat hippocampal homogenates. Following equilibration with calcium-free buffer (containing 10 microM EGTA), calcium reversibly increased [3H]acetylcholine efflux (up to five-fold) while causing no measurable efflux of lactate dehydrogenase. When substituted for calcium, strontium and barium behaved similarly although barium exhibited three-fold greater efficacy. In the presence of elevated potassium, 4-aminopyridine or tetraethylammonium, the secretagogue efficacy of calcium (but not barium) was markedly increased. The release-promoting effects of both cations were inhibited by lanthanum, magnesium, cadmium, and omega-conotoxin but were insensitive to nifedipine and cobalt (both 10 microM). In addition, stimulation of muscarinic cholinergic autoreceptors substantially inhibited both calcium and barium-evoked [3H]acetylcholine release. Taken together, these results indicate that cation-evoked transmitter release from calcium-naive synaptosomes is subject to normal neuroregulatory mechanisms and therefore should be useful for investigating presynaptic modulation of neuronal exocytosis.
journal_name
Neurochem Resjournal_title
Neurochemical researchauthors
Vickroy TW,Schneider CJdoi
10.1007/BF00966598subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-10-01 00:00:00pages
1175-85issue
10eissn
0364-3190issn
1573-6903journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mitochondrially bound brain hexokinase is solubilized by anesthetics and this effect has been suggested to contribute to anesthesia. In the present investigation the influence of the metabolic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DOG) was studied. An isolated rat brain preparation was used to avoid the contribution of perip...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00965526
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this review properties of lipid acetyltransferase enzymes are outlined. The three activities of interest are lyso PAF acetyltransferase (acetyl CoA: 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase), AGP acetyltransferase (acetyl CoA: 1-alkyl sn-glycero-3-phosphate acetyltransferase) and a transacetylase activ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1007567205078
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isorhynchophylline (IRN), an oxindole alkaloid, has been identified as the main active ingredient responsible for the biological activities of Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq) Miq ex Havil. (Rubiaceae). Previous studies in our laboratory have revealed that IRN possesses potent neuroprotective effects in different models of...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-016-2124-5
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bilateral lesion of the nucleus basalis with ibotenic acid infusions in young and aged rats results in the degeneration of cholinergic neurons which innervate the cortex. As expected, high-affinity uptake of choline was decreased in the frontal cortex subsequent to the lesion. Twenty one days after surgery there was a...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00974576
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::(4S)-4-Amino-5,6-heptadienoic acid [S)-gamma-allenyl-GABA; MDL 72483) is a potent inactivator of brain GABA-T in mice; (ED50 (i.p.) = 60 mg.kg-1; ED50 (oral) = 70 mg.kg-1). Its anticonvulsant effects against 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-induced seizures in mice is related to the elevation of whole brain GABA concent...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00966092
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tanshinone I (TsI) is an important lipophilic diterpene extracted from Danshen (Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae) and has been used in Asia for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases such as ischemic stroke. In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effect of TsI against ischemic damage and its neuroprotective mecha...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-014-1312-4
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of anticonvulsant drugs was examined on brain GABA levels and GAD and GABA-T activities. The level of GABA was increased by the treatment with diphenylhydantoin. The drug had no effect on GABA-T activity, whereas GAD activity was inhibited. Carbamazepine increased the GABA level but did not effect GAD and G...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964170
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the potential membrane retention of desipramine (DMI) following exposures of 293-hNET cells to DMI, and its effect on [3H]NE uptake. Incubation of cells with 500 nM DMI for 1 h or 1 day persistently inhibited the uptake of [3H]NE up to 7 days, despite daily repeated washing of cells with dru...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/b:nere.0000013747.04964.46
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cholinergic muscarinic receptors, when stimulated by arecoline, can activate cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) to release arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipid. This signal can be imaged in the brain in vivo using quantitative autoradiography following the intravenous injection of radiolabeled AA, as a...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-007-9372-3
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several models for the transmission and progression of prion diseases have arisen, evolving with the acquisition of new experimental results. It is generally accepted that the PrP(Sc) protein is at least part of the infectious particle and the major protein component of the scrapie-associated fibrils (SAFs) that chara...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1023215207981
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ion fluxes in mammalian myelinated axons are restricted to the nodes of Ranvier, where, in particular, voltage-gated Na+ channels are clustered at a high density. The node of Ranvier is separated from the internode by two distinct domains of the axolemma, the paranode and the juxtaparanode. Each axonal domain is chara...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1021608514646
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-terminal protein arginylation has been demonstrated in vitro and in situ and has been reported to increase following injury to sciatic nerves of rats. The present study attempts to demonstrate these reactions in vivo by applying [3H]Arg to the cut end of sciatic nerves in anesthetized rats and assaying for N-termina...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1021998227237
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of guinea pig brain slices to low concentrations (10 microM) of NMDA caused decreases in PCr and ATP within 30 min, with a slower decrease in NAA and increase in lactate, both detectable after 1 h. Exposure to NMDA for over 1 h or at higher concentrations caused further increases in lactate and decreases in N...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1014898421330
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 100microg melatonin injection at postnatal day 5 (PD 5) on the development of the central serotonergic systems in male and female rats were investigated. The contents of serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxy-3-indolacetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured in several extrahypothalamic regions at 3, 10 and 42 weeks of...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1007517524179
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to tho...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/b:nere.0000010450.21586.a6
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We observed a spot on two-dimensional (2-D) gel in the epileptic mutant strain E1 mice with a similar molecular weight but with a different isoelectric point of approximately 0.2, compared with its mother strain ddY mice. The collected protein from the E1 mice was identified as cytosolic NADP+-dependent isocitrate deh...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020981532281
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subacute exposure to manganese (Mn) produced Parkinson's disease-like syndrome called Manganism. Chronic onset and progression are characteristics of Manganism, therefore, this study aimed to examine Mn toxicity following chronic exposures. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected Mn2+ 1 and 5 mg/kg, every 10 days for 1...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-020-03059-2
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Populations of enriched glial precursor cells and astrocytes isolated from primary cultures of newborn rat brain were used to study the synthesis of sulfated glycoproteins. Both cell types incorporated [3H]glucosamine and [35S]sulfate into carbohydrate side chains of proteoglycans and glycoproteins. The rate of incorp...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00965947
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tau is a protein involved in regulation of microtubule stability, axonal differentiation and transport. Alteration of retrograde transport may lead to motor neuron degeneration. Thus alternative mRNA splicing and expression of tau isoforms were studied in a transgenic mouse model harboring the human SOD1 G93A mutation...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-006-9057-3
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipid peroxides, quantitated as lipid conjugated dienes, and (Na+, K+)-ATPase activity were assayed concurrently in brains of control rats and in three groups subjected to 30 min of reversible forebrain ischemia followed by 0, 1, and 4 hr of recirculation. Multiple small samples were taken from lateral, dorsolateral a...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00968084
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single exposure of adult male rats to low environmental temperature (LET, 12 +/- 0.5 degrees C) for 2 h significantly increased the hypothalamic and striatal GABA levels without affecting those in other regions of brain. The activity of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) was elevated in hypothalamus (H) and corpus striatum...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00968559
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maintaining of homeostasis in the organism in response to a variable environment is provided by the highly hierarchic neuroendocrine-immune system. The crucial component of this system is the hypothalamus providing the endocrine regulation of key peripheral organs, and the adenohypophysis. In this case, neuron-der...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-010-0127-1
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence suggests that young rodents submitted to high fructose (FRU) diet develop metabolic, and cognitive dysfunctions. However, it remains unclear whether these detrimental effects of FRU intake can also be observed in middle-aged mice. Nine months-old C57BL/6 female mice were fed with water (Control) or 10%...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-020-03135-7
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are associated with various neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. 3,3',4',7-Tetrahydroxyflavone (fisetin), a plant flavonoid has a variety of physiological effects such as antioxidant activity. In this study, we i...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-017-2445-z
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vesicular hypothesis has stimulated fruitful investigations on many secreting systems. In the case of rapid synaptic transmission, however, the hypothesis has been found difficult to reconcile with a number of well established observations. Brief impulses of transmitter molecules (quanta) are emitted from nerve te...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1022451224748
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic turnover of axonally transported glycoproteins has been examined in membranous and soluble subfractions of goldfish optic tectum following intraocular injection of [3H]fucose. Radioactivity in total transported glycoproteins reached a maximum in the tectum after 24-30 hr, then declined with a half-life of ap...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964224
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is increasing evidence to suggest that hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure is the result of altered glutamatergic function. In particular, the high affinity uptake of glutamate is decreased in brain slices and synaptosomes from rats with acute liver failure as well as by exposure of cultured astrocytes...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1022532623281
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review some of the older literature concerning metabolic turnover of cholesterol in the nervous system. The overall picture is that incorporation of radioactive precursors into brain cholesterol is roughly proportional to the rate of myelination and that, once incorporated, radioactive cholesterol is relatively sta...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02527711
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Fatty Acid method was used to determine whether incorporation of plasma radiolabeled arachidonic acid into brain phospholipids is controlled by phospholipase A2. Awake rats received an i.v. injection of a phospholipase A2 inhibitor, manoalide (10 mg/kg), and then were infused i.v. with [1-(14)C]arachidonate or [3H...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020788031720
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The specific precursors for neurotransmitter pools of glutamate giving rise to GABA in GABAergic neurons and nerve endings have not been clearly established. Glutamate is the immediate precursor for the production of GABA and it is suggested that ornithine (from arginine) might be serving as one of the precursors of g...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964593
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00