Evaluation of hypertension by the general pediatrician.

Abstract:

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize the recommended work-up in a child who presents with elevated blood pressure as well as innovative evaluation techniques under development. RECENT FINDINGS:'The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents' contains several updates on the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of childhood hypertension. New risk factors for hypertension have been identified and include obesity, sleep apnea, and low birth weight. The roles of uric acid, leptin and C-reactive protein in the pathophysiology of hypertension have been examined. The presence of hypertensive end-organ damage has been demonstrated in hypertensive children. SUMMARY:Current knowledge emphasizes the need to diagnose and treat hypertension when it develops in childhood to decrease the risk of cardiovascular morbidity in adulthood. End-organ injury is evident, illustrated by the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy, even in young children. Assessment for the presence of comorbidities and end-organ damage should be emphasized. Further study is needed to isolate the etiologic factors for childhood hypertension, improve evaluation techniques, and determine if end-organ damage is reversible with proper therapy.

journal_name

Curr Opin Pediatr

authors

Nguyen M,Mitsnefes M

doi

10.1097/MOP.0b013e328013f647

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2007-04-01 00:00:00

pages

165-9

issue

2

eissn

1040-8703

issn

1531-698X

pii

00008480-200704000-00009

journal_volume

19

pub_type

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