Abstract：
:VEGF secretion by the human retinal pigment epithelium (hRPE) plays an important role in retinal and choroidal neovascularization. In this study, transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2)-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression was investigated in hRPE cells. Treatment of hRPE cells with TGF-beta2 for 24 and 48h as compared to 8h resulted in markedly increased VEGF secretion by fivefold and nine-fold, respectively. Induced VEGF mRNA peaked within 3h of stimulation and remained above the basal at 36h. Stimulation of VEGF expression by TGF-beta2 was blocked by cycloheximide, suggesting that de novo protein synthesis is required. Induced VEGF production was strongly inhibited by anti-inflammatory agents, dexamethasone and cyclosporin A. Despite of the weak stimulation of VEGF expression by TNF-alpha or bFGF alone, co-administration of either of these two cytokines synergized the effect of TGF-beta2 on VEGF mRNA expression and protein production. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that the synergy was predominantly at the level of VEGF transcription. Moreover, TGF-beta2-induced RPE VEGF secretion was significantly reduced by inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (MEK) (U0126), p38 (SB202190), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), Sp600125, protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) (Genistein), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) (Ly294002). Induced VEGF expression was completely abrogated by inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) (Ro318220), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) [caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE)], and reactive oxygen species (ROS) [N-acetyl-cysteine (Nac) and diphenyleneiodonium (DPI)]. These results suggest that MEK, p38, JNK, PI3K, and NF-kappaB as well as multiple essential signaling intermediates, including PKC, PTK and ROS, are involved in hRPE VEGF up regulation by TGF-beta2.
journal_name
Exp Eye Resjournal_title
Experimental eye researchauthors
Bian ZM,Elner SG,Elner VMdoi
10.1016/j.exer.2006.12.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-05-01 00:00:00pages
812-22issue
5eissn
0014-4835issn
1096-0007pii
S0014-4835(07)00004-8journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) was studied using immunochemical and immunocytochemical techniques in retinae of mice with allelic combinations at the rd and rds loci at different stages of development and degeneration. Until postnatal day 7 (P7), IRBP is located intracellularly in developing retina...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(88)90012-7
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultured bovine lens epithelial cells adapt to hypertonic sodium stress via an increase in Na(+)-myo-inositol cotransporter activity and accumulate myo-inositol. At least 12 hr of hypertonic exposure was necessary to enhance myo-inositol accumulation; and thereafter, uptake activity continued to increase throughout th...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1994.1083
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By using immunohistochemical techniques, we demonstrated that HLA class I (A, B and C) and HLA class II (DR), the major histocompatibility antigens in man, are expressed constitutively by cells of the trabecular meshwork/Schlemm's canal system and corneal endothelium, as well as by the conjunctival epithelium, Langerh...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(90)90023-n
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to identify the molecular genetic cause of disease in posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) probands of diverse origin and to assess the utility of massively parallel sequencing in the detection of ZEB1 mutations. We investigated a total of 12 families (five British, four Czech, one...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2019.03.002
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neovascular eye diseases such as wet age-related macular degeneration and proliferative diabetic retinopathy are two of the most common causes of irreversible visual loss. Although mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the mechanisms of these diseases are not fully understood. Molecular inhibitors of ...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2011.09.010
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is increasing evidence that the macular pigment carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, may play an important role in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration, cataract, and other blinding disorders. Although it is well known that the retina and lens are enriched in these carotenoids, relatively little is ...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.2000.0954
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although a range of changes in anterior segment structures have been documented to occur during accommodation, the quantification of changes in the structure of the anterior sclera during the accommodation process in human subjects has yet to be examined. This study therefore aimed to investigate the presence of short...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2018.07.023
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution of Muller cell within the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in human eyes. Eleven unpaired normal postmortem eyes were recruited into this study. Each eye was sectioned using the "umbrella technique" to obtain a concentric peripapillary ring cente...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2017.10.022
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase/adenosine receptor inhibitor, was combined with norepinephrine (nE), epinephrine (Epi) and isoproterenol, respectively, to evaluate their effect on intraocular pressure (IOP). Application of topical IBMX alone had no measurable effect on IOP. When IBMX was combined wi...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(91)90051-f
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a natural biomaterial and has excellent biochemical and physical properties with a history of proven biocompatibility in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Recent reports of fibrin-based matrices have offered new opportunities to apply PRF as a supplement for in vi...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2018.04.013
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Form-deprivation of chicks during early postnatal development results in ocular enlargement and great myopic refractive error (form-deprivation myopia). Previous studies have indicated that the retina, RPE and choroid play important roles in ocular enlargement in form-deprivation myopia. We aimed to isolate genes up-r...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1999.0765
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Porcine models of ophthalmological diseases are often used in pre-clinical translational studies due to pigs' similarities to humans. In particular, the iodoacetic acid (IAA) model of photoreceptor degeneration seems to mimic well the endstage phenotype of human pathologies as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macu...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2020.107979
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-translational modifications and/or structural changes induced by modifications are likely causes of the decrease in crystallin solubility associated with aging and the development of cataract. Characterization of human lens crystallins by mass spectrometry has demonstrated that betaB2-crystallin undergoes less mo...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.2001.1023
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research in animal models have shown that exposing the eye to positive or negative spectacle lenses can lead to predictable changes in eye growth. Recent research indicates that brief periods (1-2 h) of monocular defocus results in small, but significant changes in axial length and choroidal thickness of human subject...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2019.03.019
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pre-retinal vitreous space of the eye of albino rabbits was perfused in vivo via a dialysis probe in order to measure the concentration of endogenous amino acids. Studies of isotope concentrations in the vitreal effluent following intracarotid injections of 3HOH and [14C]mannitol demonstrated that entrance of 3HOH...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4835(87)80008-8
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pink-eyed dilution (p) locus is known to control the quantity of melanin pigment made within melanocytes and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the eye. We have examined the effects of several mutant allele combinations at the murine p locus on the number and morphology of melanosomes in choroidal melanocytes and...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1998.0599
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Homocysteine is an amino acid required for the metabolism of methionine. Excess homocysteine is implicated in cardiovascular and neurological disease and new data suggest a role in various retinopathies. Mice lacking cystathionine-beta-synthase (cbs(-/-)) have an excess of retinal homocysteine and develop anatomical a...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2011.12.011
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the presence of 'cartilage-specific' collagens in the eye has been documented earlier, very little is known about their synthesis rates during ocular development, growth and aging. The purpose of the present study was to follow changes in the mRNA levels and distribution of key components of the extracellular...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.2000.0972
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SLC4A11 mutations are associated with Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) and Harboyan syndrome (endothelial dystrophy with auditory deficiency). Mice with genetically ablated Slc4a11 recapitulate CHED, exhibiting significant corneal edema and altered endothe...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2018.12.003
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The shapes of two human lenses of different ages (27 and 46 years old) were altered by applying a stretching force to the ciliary muscle. The force was in the outward radial direction and was produced by an electronically driven stretching instrument which is described. The lenses were photographed for different degre...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1993.1168
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The localization of [35S]-sulfate and [3H]-glucosamine in the hamster non-pigmented ciliary epithelium was studied by light and electron microscopic autoradiography. The radioactivity was concentrated in the Golgi complex of the non-pigmented ciliary epithelium 10 mins after injections of [35S]-sulfate or [3H]-glucosa...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(83)90009-x
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transmural electrical properties of the isolated rabbit iris-ciliary body (I-CB) were measured in Ussing-Zerahn-type chambers. Control p.d. across the preparation was -1.2 +/- 0.1 mV, with the ciliary process (aqueous)-side consistently negative with respect to the ciliary body (blood)-side and the short-circuit curre...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(84)90096-4
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eosinophil infiltration is one of the aspects of the inflammatory response to an allergen. The aim of this study was to establish T-helper type-2 (Th2)-induced conjunctival eosinophilia in mice to evaluate the effect of anti-allergic drugs. Th2 clone, D10.G4.1. (D10) with its specific antigen, conalbumin was co-inject...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.1999.0677
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The proliferation, migration and transdifferentiation of the remaining lens epithelial cells (LECs) after cataract surgery are a major cause of posterior capsular opacification (PCO). It has previously been reported that salmosin, a novel disintegrin, significantly inhibits solid tumor growth in mice by perturbation o...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exer.2001.1150
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the early protein profile in the ocular tissue extracted after LASIK and SMILE surgery. SMILE and LASIK was performed in contralateral eyes and stromal tissue samples were collected from 10 eyes of 5 donors. The stromal tissue samples were analyzed using label free quantification approach and ITRAQ labellin...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2020.107936
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) is a vitamin A carrier present only in the extracellular material lying between the neural retina and the retinal pigment epithelium of vertebrate eyes. The amount of retinol bound endogenously by IRBP in this interphotoreceptor space is known to increase upon illumin...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(91)90239-b
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ciliary ganglionectomy inhibits the development of myopia in chicks (Schmid et al., 1999), but has no effect on the compensatory responses to spectacle lenses (Schmid and Wildsoet, 1996). This study was done to assess the potential influence of the other parasympathetic input to the choroid, the pterygopalatine gangli...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2012.07.002
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rifampicin, an antibacterial drug widely used in the treatment of tuberculosis and leprosy, has recently been reported to have anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects. However, its anti-angiogenic effect has not been investigated. We examined its anti-angiogenic effect on tube formation and proliferation by human um...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2007.10.003
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Raman spectra were obtained from fresh, fixed and sliced rabbit lenses and from human lens slices. For all lenses and lens slices the ratio R, defined as the Raman intensity at 3390 cm-1 divided by the Raman intensity at 2935 cm-1, was measured at different locations along the visual and equatorial axis. The ratios R ...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4835(89)90032-8
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this investigation is to characterize parvalbumin-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of zebrafish retina through immunocytochemistry, quantitative analysis, and confocal microscopy. In the INL, parvalbumin-IR neurons were located in the inner marginal portion of the INL. On the...
journal_title：Experimental eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exer.2008.11.014
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
