Cocaine-induced HIV-1 expression in microglia involves sigma-1 receptors and transforming growth factor-beta1.

Abstract:

:The neuropharmacological properties of cocaine are known to be associated with the activation of sigma-1 receptors. Cocaine also has been shown to alter both cytokine production and HIV-1 expression in mononuclear phagocytes, including microglial cells. This study tested the hypothesis that sigma-1 receptors and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 are involved in cocaine-induced up-regulation of HIV-1 expression in microglial cell cultures. Treatment of microglial cells with cocaine resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in viral expression assessed by measurement of p24 antigen levels in culture supernatants. This cocaine-mediated stimulation of HIV-1 expression was blocked by treatment of microglia with inhibitors of sigma-1 receptors (BD1047) and TGF-beta1 (SB-431542 and anti-TGF-beta1 antibodies). Microglia were also shown to constitutively express sigma-1 receptor mRNA. Thus, the results of this study support the notion that neuroimmunopharmacological properties of cocaine involve sigma-1 receptors and cytokines.

journal_name

Int Immunopharmacol

authors

Gekker G,Hu S,Sheng WS,Rock RB,Lokensgard JR,Peterson PK

doi

10.1016/j.intimp.2005.12.005

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1029-33

issue

6

eissn

1567-5769

issn

1878-1705

pii

S1567-5769(05)00354-1

journal_volume

6

pub_type

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