Abstract:
:BNFL have over 25 years experience of designing nuclear plant for the whole-fuel cycle. In the UK, a Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) is to be set up to ensure that Britain's nuclear legacy is cleaned up safely, securely and cost effectively. The resulting challenges and opportunities for shielding design will be substantial as the shielding design process was originally devised for the design of new plants. Although its underlying principles are equally applicable to decommissioning and remediation of old plants, there are many aspects of detailed application that need to adapt to this radically different operating environment. The paper describes both the common issues and the different challenges of shielding design at different operational phases. Sample applications will be presented of both new plant and decommissioning projects that illustrate not only the robust nature of the processes being used, but also how they lead to cost-effective solutions making a substantive and appropriate contribution to radiological protection goals.
journal_name
Radiat Prot Dosimetryjournal_title
Radiation protection dosimetryauthors
Jeffries G,Cooper A,Hobson Jdoi
10.1093/rpd/nci171subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
566-70issue
1-4 Pt 2eissn
0144-8420issn
1742-3406journal_volume
116pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Dosimetric monitoring and protection of the personnel involved into interventional procedures is one of the key issues nowadays, yet doses received by their brains were left without rigorous consideration so far. The paper is the fast track of the results of the pilot study of possible magnitude of operator's doses wi...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncw091
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An extensive studies on the indoor activity concentrations of thoron, radon and their progeny in the granite region in the state of Karnataka, India, has been carried out since, 2007 in the scope of a lung cancer epidemiological study using solid-state nuclear track detector-based double-chamber dosemeters (LR-115, ty...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nct243
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A wire patch cell (WPC) operating at the uplink frequency band of GSM 1800 MHz has been designed for in vitro experiments with the aim of investigating the possible biological effects of electromagnetic radiation associated with cellular phones. The 1800 MHz WPC design is a direct descendant of the original 900 MHz WP...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch414
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Potassium-40 constitutes the main natural source of potassium present in the body, which influences the effective dose received by people. With the aim of assessing the contribution of this component to the doses received by the Cuban population, a study intended to assess the doses was developed. For this purpose, a ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006187
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung disease represents one of the most life-threatening conditions in prematurely born children. In the evaluation of the neonatal chest, the primary and most important diagnostic study is therefore the chest radiograph. Since prematurely born children are very sensitive to radiation, those radiographs may lead to a ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn237
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radiation dose to workers at nuclear power stations (NPSs) in Japan was drastically reduced between the late-1970s and the early-1990s by continuous dose-reduction programmes. The total collective dose of radiation workers in FY 2008 was 84.04 person Sv, while the average collective dose was 1.5 person Sv per reac...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncr185
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tritium present in the environment gradually decreased in the last decades and nowadays it has reached extremely low activity concentrations. The purpose of the present work is the implementation of a tritium enrichment system in water samples using electrolytic techniques and pure nickel and iron electrodes. In the p...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncp244
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monitoring of occupationally exposed persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina started in 1960s and it was interrupted in 1992. Dosimetry service resumed in 1999 when the International Atomic Energy Agency provided Harshaw 4500 TLD-reader and the first set of TLDs for the Radiation Protection Centre (RPC) of the Institute of ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq006
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of the parallel-plate avalanche counter for slow-neutron counting is described. The choice of a suitable neutron converter is discussed on the basis of Monte Carlo simulation, and some experimental results are shown. Excellent gamma-insensitivity, high rate capability, possibility of construction in large sens...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm462
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microdosimetric one hit detector model was applied to calculate the dose response, energy response and relative thermoluminescence (TL) efficiency, eta, of high sensitive LiF:Mg,Cu,P and Al(2)O(3):C detectors after their irradiations by X rays, gamma rays, beta electrons and heavy charged particles (HCP). Microdos...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl467
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Luminescence and optical features of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond have been studied in view of the potential application of this material in ionising radiation dosimetry field. For this purpose, thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques have been used. A...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci596
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been few studies on the secondary cancer after radiation treatment in Chinese hospitals. This study has measured out-of-field absorbed organ doses from intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) radiotherapy for esophageal cancer in a Chinese hospital and evaluated the risks of secondary cancer. The dose ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncx057
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the number and complexity of fluoroscopically guided interventions increase, a serious effort has to be put on the optimisation of the X-ray dose delivered to the patient. In order to set up this optimisation process, the clinical practice for a given cardiology centre has to be analysed with relevant statistical p...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncv525
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virtual models of real phantoms used with Monte Carlo methods facilitate the calibration and other studies associated with whole-body and partial-body counting systems. In this investigation, a voxel model of an LLNL torso phantom, available physically in the in vivo laboratory at KIT, was created from computed tomogr...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncp030
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zircon contains small amounts of uranium, thorium and radium in its crystalline structure. The ceramic industry is one of the major consumers of zirconium compounds that are used as an ingredient at ∼10-20 % by weight in glaze. In this study, seven different ceramic factories have been investigated regarding the prese...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq441
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major contaminants from venting and hydrogen explosions at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors between 12 and 15 March 2011 were transported northwestward and deposited on soil and plants via precipitation. Surface soils and plant leaves were sampled at 64 sites in the Fukushima Prefecture. The highest concentratio...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncs222
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assesses the outdoor gamma absorbed dose levels in air of the Adana's region. The measurements were taken from 130 different sample points in this area by Eberline Smart Portable (ESP-2) with SPA-6 plastic scintillation detector. The outdoor gamma absorbed dose rates order from 40 to 145 nGy h(-1). Average ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn295
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the operation of research facilities at Research Centre Jülich, Germany, nuclear waste is stored in drums and other vessels in an interim storage building on-site, which has a concrete shielding at the side walls. Owing to the lack of a well-defined source, measured gamma spectra were unfolded to determine the ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci185
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A theoretical evaluation of the properties and processes affecting the radon transport from subsurface soil into buildings is presented in this work. The solution of the relevant transport equation is obtained using the explicit finite difference method (EFDM). Results are compared with analytical steady-state solutio...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncr397
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The variation of the response of the instruments with the neutron energy has to be determined in well-characterized monoenergetic neutron fields. The AMANDE facility will deliver such neutron fields between 2 keV and 20 MeV in an experimental hall designed with metallic walls for neutron scattering minimisation. The n...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch185
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) carried out a co-ordinated action, supported within the 6th Framework Programme of the European Commission entitled 'A Co-ordinated Network for Radiation Dosimetry (CONRAD)'. The project, executed from January 2005 to March 2008, yielded a large number of scientific res...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn209
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A high-end drum film digitiser (Tango, Germany) and a calibrated linear microdensitometer developed by PTB were used to assess the modulation transfer function (MTF) and the noise power spectra (NPS) of 3 mammographic screen film systems at optical density levels of 0.8, 1.5 and 2.5. The use of a drum scanner to asses...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch563
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rigorous characterisation of the behaviour of a radiobase antenna for wireless communication systems is a hot topic both for antenna or communication system design and for radioprotection-hazard reasons. Such a characterisation deserves a numerical solution, and the use of a finite-difference time-domain (FD-TD) a...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006699
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diamond is a material with extreme physical properties. Its radiation hardness, chemical inertness and tissue equivalence qualify it as an ideal material for radiation dosimetry. In the present work, the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of a 10 microm thick CVD diamon...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci667
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006004
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The National Institute of Standards and Technology developed a new set of test sources for testing of portal monitors against the ANSI standard N42.35-2004. The design and source specifications are provided in this work. ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch422
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work, indoor radon radioactivity concentration levels have been measured in dwellings of Turkey within the frame of the National Radon Monitoring Programme. The (222)Rn concentrations were measured with time-integrating passive nuclear etched track detectors in 7293 dwellings in 153 residential units of 81 pro...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In reviewing the tissue effects of low-dose radiation (1) absorbed dose to tissue is replaced by the sum of energy deposited with track events in cell-equivalent tissue micromasses, i.e. with microdose hits, in the number of exposed micromasses and (2) induced cell damage and adaptive protection are related to microdo...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006197
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We applied circular dichroism (CD) spectral analysis to obtain the secondary structure of the DNA repair protein XRCC4, with a focus on its C-terminus. Using synchrotron radiation as a light source across a wide range of wavelengths, including vacuum ultraviolet (UV) light from 180 to 200 nm and UV light from 200 to 2...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncy275
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00