Abstract:
:Major contaminants from venting and hydrogen explosions at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors between 12 and 15 March 2011 were transported northwestward and deposited on soil and plants via precipitation. Surface soils and plant leaves were sampled at 64 sites in the Fukushima Prefecture. The highest concentrations of (134)Cs (84.4 kBq kg(-1)) and (137)Cs (82.0 kBq kg(-1)) in surface soils were observed at Nagadoro in Iidate village located 32 km northwest from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Furthermore, (131)I, (129)Te, (129 m)Te, (110 m)Ag and (140)La were detected in the same samples. Outer surface of plant leaves, such as bamboo, cabbage and grasses were highly contaminated at the high-dose rate areas of Tsushima and Minami-Tsushima in Namie town. Mugwort leaves that grew after the pollution event had extremely low concentration of radionuclides; however, the plant/soil radiocaesium ratio was 0.023 ± 0.006. It is anticipated that decomposition of fallen leaves will promote recycling of radionuclides in the environment.
journal_name
Radiat Prot Dosimetryjournal_title
Radiation protection dosimetryauthors
Tazoe H,Hosoda M,Sorimachi A,Nakata A,Yoshida MA,Tokonami S,Yamada Mdoi
10.1093/rpd/ncs222subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-11-01 00:00:00pages
198-203issue
1-3eissn
0144-8420issn
1742-3406pii
ncs222journal_volume
152pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A simple hemispherical phantom has been designed and prepared for the EURADOS intercomparison exercise on (241)Am activity determination in the skull (2011-13). The phantom consists of three parts that substitute bone and soft tissues. (241)Am is deposited on the surfaces of the bone-substituting part. The design and ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nct213
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Classical methods of assessing the uncertainty associated with radiation doses estimated using cytogenetic techniques are now extremely well defined. However, several authors have suggested that a Bayesian approach to uncertainty estimation may be more suitable for cytogenetic data, which are inherently stochastic in ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/rpd/nct301
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent development of CaF2:Cu (the most sensitive material for radiation dosimetry) exhibiting a TL glow peak around 270 degrees C similar to that of CaF2:Mn has made it attractive to study the influence of heating rate on the response of CaF2 based TLDs. Influence of heating rate on CaF2:Mn (known to reduce the respo...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a005870
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In reviewing the tissue effects of low-dose radiation (1) absorbed dose to tissue is replaced by the sum of energy deposited with track events in cell-equivalent tissue micromasses, i.e. with microdose hits, in the number of exposed micromasses and (2) induced cell damage and adaptive protection are related to microdo...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006197
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, NASA established a consortium involving the University of Tennessee (lead institution), the University of Houston, Roanoke College and various government and national laboratories, to accelerate the development of a standard set of radiation transport computer codes for NASA human exploration applications. T...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci092
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present paper, we report the indigenous development of a neutron-sensitive thermoluminescent dosemeter (TLD) based on CaSO4:Dy Teflon TL disc. The study includes indigenous development of a neutron dosemeter and its response in terms of operational quantity to different energies of neutrons under various irradi...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncp019
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the thermoluminescence properties of natural calcite samples were examined in detail. The glow curve of the sample irradiated with beta radiation shows two main peaks, P1 (at 115 °C) and P4 (at 254 °C). The additive dose, variable heating rate, computer glow curve deconvolution, peak shape and three poi...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncs020
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to compare image quality and patient dose in cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA) in terms of volume computed tomography dose index (CTDI vol), dose length product (DLP) and effective dose, when changing from filtered back projection (FBP) to adaptive iterative dose reduction ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncv114
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recoil-proton spectrometer was created by coupling a p-i-n diode with a polyethylene converter. The maximum detectable energy, imposed by the thickness of the totally depleted layer, is approximately 6 MeV. The minimum detectable energy is limited by the contribution of secondary electrons generated by photons in th...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch237
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A programme of harmonization of individual dosimetry quality control organized in the framework of a distributed metrology system is presented as seen from the experiences gained in Slovenia. As a part of the programme intercomparison of dosimetry services was organized and basic characteristics of dosimetry systems c...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm198
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents the finding of a study undertaken to determine natural radioactivity and associated hazards in local types of cement in Iran. A total of 42 samples were collected from various manufacturers and suppliers and analysed using a shielded HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer. The specific activities of 232Th, 22...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl549
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In radiotherapy with carbon ions, biological effects of treatments have to be predicted. For this purpose, one of the most used models is the local effect model (LEM) developed at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Germany. At the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy, the reliability of the last ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq407
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has published two reports giving recommendations dealing with the avoidance of deterministic injuries in interventional radiology and the management of patient dose in digital radiology in 2001 and 2004, respectively. Another document, on radiation protect...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci702
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Composite neutron scintillators consisting of neutron-insensitive fluorescent dopant particles (e.g. ZnS:Ag) embedded in a matrix material containing isotopes with high neutron cross sections that emit energetic charged particles (e.g. 6Li) are a popular method for neutron detection in a variety of applications. The s...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci121
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eyeglass lenses are commonly composed of allyl-diglycol carbonate (CR-39), an alpha-particle detecting plastic, thus making such lenses personal radon dosemeters. Samples of such lenses have been obtained, etched to reveal that radon and radon progeny alpha tracks can be seen in abundance, and sensitivities have been ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006670
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Training in radiation protection is widely recognised as one of the basic components of optimisation programmes for medical exposures. Occupational and patient radiation risks in interventional radiology can be quite high and international bodies have shown concern on this item. Following recommendations of the Intern...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci730
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A methodology for the evaluation of skin dose distribution and possible skin injuries on patients undergoing interventional procedures has been developed as part of the European DIMOND programme. Relevant dosimetric data from the procedures are recorded and other specific measurements for skin dose evaluation (slow fi...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci714
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this work is to use Monte Carlo simulations and VOXEL phantoms to estimate the absorbed dose in paediatric patients (aged from 2 weeks to 16 y), with normal renal function, to whom technetium-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA) was administered, for diagnostic renal scintigraphy purposes; and compare t...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncw096
更新日期:2017-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::In 1993, ICRP-65 recommended that dose conversion of radon exposure should be based on the comparison of detriments between radon exposure and effective dose. The lifetime detriment from the radon exposure was projected according to the epidemiological studies of uranium miners then available. The projection model (GS...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn117
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the effect of patient size, anatomical location and modulation strength (MS) on image-quality and delivered dose of CT scans acquired with automatic-exposure-control system (AEC). Four anthropomorphic phantoms (three paediatric and one thin adult) were studied, and normal and obese adults were simulated by pl...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncx055
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our debaters have agreed to defend positions that appear to be diametrically opposed; nevertheless, they have acknowledged some common ground. Although it was not explicitly stated, they would no doubt agree that workers and the public are adequately protected by our present system of radiation regulations. Our debate...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the performances of angiographic units equipped with a flat-panel (FP) detector and image intensifier (II) charge-coupled device (CCD) in the Interventional Cardiology (IC) Department. Entrance dose rate and dose per image, along with the dose at the II level were measured using 2 mm copper sheets to simu...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci746
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The National Institute of Standards and Technology developed a new set of test sources for testing of portal monitors against the ANSI standard N42.35-2004. The design and source specifications are provided in this work. ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch422
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the considerable improvement in accuracy in comparison with previous intercomparison programmes, the outcome of the recent 3rd International Intercomparison on EPR Tooth Dosimetry has demonstrated that performance of various protocols practised in different laboratories significantly varies. SCRM and MUG took ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type:
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci644
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of Monte Carlo track structure is a choice method in biophysical modelling and calculations. To precisely model 3D and 4D tracks, the cross section for the ionisation by an incoming ion, double differential in the outgoing electron energy and angle, is required. However, the double differential cross section c...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq397
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study analyzes the exposure of the human torso to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless body-mounted or handheld devices. Because of the frequency and distance ranges from 30-5800 MHz and 10 to 200 mm, respectively, both near-field and far-field effects are considered. A generic body model and simulations of ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm377
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of beryllium-7 ((7)Be), lead-210 ((210)Pb) and caesium-137 ((137)Cs) were measured at two sites in the city of Belgrade (Serbia). One monitoring site was located in the central city area with heavy traffic and the other within the Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, in the suburbs. Presented data cover...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq211
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continuous observation of radioactivity ratio of (214)Bi to (214)Pb as tracers in rainwater was carried out with 15-min cyclic measurement at Nagoya, Japan, from August 2011 to July 2012 to characterise wet deposition. The ratio ranged from 0.55 to 3.82. Based on the observation and a simplified time evolution model o...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncv220
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural radionuclide (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) contents of building materials commonly used in South Korea have been determined by a gamma ray spectroscopy system using a high purity germanium detector. The radon exhalation rates and emanation coefficients of building materials have also been studied. The average con...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006499
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study analyses the electric field radiating from the GSM/UMTS base stations located in central Malatya, a densely populated urban area in Turkey. The authors have conducted both instant and continuous measurements of high-frequency electromagnetic fields throughout their research by using non-ionising radi...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncv008
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00