Calculations of the circular dichroism of adenosine derivatives constrained in the syn form.

abstract：:To improve the usefulness of in vivo mode for the investigation of the pathophysiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, we modified the construction of SCID mice implanted with human fetal thymus and liver (thy/liv-SCID-hu mice) so that the peripheral blood of the mice contained significant numbers of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kollmann TR,Pettoello-Mantovani M,Katopodis NF,Hachamovitch M,Rubinstein A,Kim A,Goldstein H

更新日期：1996-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis, has become an attractive new model organism for comparative genomics and evolutionary developmental biology. Over the last few years, many genes have been isolated and their expression patterns studied to gain insight into their function. More recently, functional tools have be...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Renfer E,Amon-Hassenzahl A,Steinmetz PR,Technau U

更新日期：2010-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In all photosynthetic organisms, light energy is used to drive electrons from a donor chlorophyll species via a series of acceptors across a biological membrane. These light-induced electron-transfer processes display a remarkably high quantum efficiency, indicating a near-complete inhibition of unproductive charge re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Makita H,Hastings G

更新日期：2017-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator that controls expression of metabolic/energetic genes, programming cellular responses to nutrient and environmental adaptations such as fasting, cold, or exercise. Unlike other coactivators, PGC-1α contai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tavares CDJ,Aigner S,Sharabi K,Sathe S,Mutlu B,Yeo GW,Puigserver P

更新日期：2020-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:P elements have been cloned and sequenced from Drosophila nebulosa. Their sequences have diverged less than 6% from P elements of Drosophila melanogaster. However D. nebulosa P elements have nucleotide changes that close all four open reading frames found in the D. melanogaster P element. Microinjection experiments sh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lansman RA,Shade RO,Grigliatti TA,Brock HW

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By using harmonic radar, we report the complete flight paths of displaced bees. Test bees forage at a feeder or are recruited by a waggle dance indicating the feeder. The flights are recorded after the bees are captured when leaving the hive or the feeder and are released at an unexpected release site. A sequence of b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Menzel R,Greggers U,Smith A,Berger S,Brandt R,Brunke S,Bundrock G,Hülse S,Plümpe T,Schaupp F,Schüttler E,Stach S,Stindt J,Stollhoff N,Watzl S

更新日期：2005-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Notch (N) is a transmembrane receptor that mediates cell-cell interactions to determine many cell-fate decisions. N contains EGF-like repeats, many of which have an O-fucose glycan modification that regulates N-ligand binding. This modification requires GDP-L-fucose as a donor of fucose. The GDP-L-fucose biosynthetic ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ayukawa T,Matsumoto K,Ishikawa HO,Ishio A,Yamakawa T,Aoyama N,Suzuki T,Matsuno K

更新日期：2012-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:At the onset of apoptosis, the peroxidation of cardiolipin at the inner mitochondrial membrane by cytochrome c requires an open coordination site on the heme. We report a 1.45-Å resolution structure of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c with the Met80 heme ligand swung out of the heme crevice and replaced by a water molecule. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McClelland LJ,Mou TC,Jeakins-Cooley ME,Sprang SR,Bowler BE

更新日期：2014-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Human mitochondria contain their own genome, mitochondrial DNA, that is expressed in the mitochondrial matrix. This genome encodes 13 vital polypeptides that are components of the multisubunit complexes that couple oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The inner mitochondrial membrane that houses these complexes compris...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zorkau M,Albus CA,Berlinguer-Palmini R,Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZMA,Lightowlers RN

更新日期：2021-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogen is known to influence pain, but the specific roles of the two estrogen receptors (ERs) in the spinal cord are unknown. In the present study, we have examined the expression of ERalpha and ERbeta in the spinal cord and have looked for defects in pain pathways in ERbeta knockout (ERbeta(-/-)) mice. In the spina...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fan X,Kim HJ,Warner M,Gustafsson JA

更新日期：2007-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphangiogenesis plays an important role in promoting cancer metastasis to sentinel lymph nodes and beyond and also promotes organ transplant rejection. We used human lymphatic endothelial cells to establish a reliable three-dimensional lymphangiogenic sprouting assay with automated image acquisition and analysis for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schulz MM,Reisen F,Zgraggen S,Fischer S,Yuen D,Kang GJ,Chen L,Schneider G,Detmar M

更新日期：2012-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:A method using PCR amplification and primer extension with fluorescent oligonucleotides was developed to analyze T-cell repertoires. The sizes of the hypervariable CDR3-like regions of the murine T-cell antigen receptor beta chains were measured for all possible V beta-J beta combinations. This analysis shows that bet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pannetier C,Cochet M,Darche S,Casrouge A,Zöller M,Kourilsky P

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian visual systems are characterized by their ability to recognize stimuli invariant to various transformations. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that this ability is achieved by the temporal encoding of visual stimuli. By using a model of a cortical network, we show that this encoding is invariant to several...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wyss R,Konig P,Verschure PF

更新日期：2003-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquitous aquaporin channels are able to conduct water across cell membranes, combining the seemingly antagonist functions of a very high selectivity with a remarkable permeability. Whereas molecular details are obvious keys to perform these tasks, the overall efficiency of transport in such nanopores is also str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gravelle S,Joly L,Detcheverry F,Ybert C,Cottin-Bizonne C,Bocquet L

更新日期：2013-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The 2-deoxy-D-glucose method was used to study asymmetries in cerebral metabolic activity in neonatal rats. Left-right asymmetries in 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake were observed in hippocampus, diencephalon, cortex, and medulla-pons: 2-deoxy-D-glucose incorporation was greater in right hippocampus, right diencephalon, left...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ross DA,Glick SD,Meibach RC

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Let t --> gamma(t), 0

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stein EM,Wainger S

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human cells express thousands of different surface proteins that can be used for cell classification, or to distinguish healthy and disease conditions. A method capable of profiling a substantial fraction of the surface proteome simultaneously and inexpensively would enable more accurate and complete classification of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pollock SB,Hu A,Mou Y,Martinko AJ,Julien O,Hornsby M,Ploder L,Adams JJ,Geng H,Müschen M,Sidhu SS,Moffat J,Wells JA

更新日期：2018-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The fractionation of cells of a parsley suspension culture [Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) A. Hill] by protoplasting and subsequent removal of the vacuoles led to physiologically intact evacuolated protoplasts retaining light inducibility of chalcone synthase expression. Lysis of the evacuolated protoplasts permitted th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Harter K,Frohnmeyer H,Kircher S,Kunkel T,Mühlbauer S,Schäfer E

更新日期：1994-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Undesired side products of DNA transfections are usually discarded. However, here, we show that such products may provide insight into mutational events that are also a major driving force in protein evolution. While studying the small heat-shock protein alphaA-crystallin, we transfected the hamster alphaA-crystallin ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van Rijk AA,de Jong WW,Bloemendal H

更新日期：1999-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The binned distribution densities of magnitudes in both the complete and the declustered catalogs of earthquakes in the Southern California region have two significantly different branches with crossover magnitude near M = 4.8. In the case of declustered earthquakes, the b-values on the two branches differ significant...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knopoff L

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:How can collective action evolve when individuals benefit from cooperation regardless of whether they pay its participation costs? According to one influential perspective, collective action problems are common, especially when groups are large, but may be solved when individuals who have more to gain from the collect...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Langergraber KE,Watts DP,Vigilant L,Mitani JC

更新日期：2017-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 50 y, behavioral experiments have produced a large body of evidence for the existence of a magnetic sense in a wide range of animals. However, the underlying sensory physiology remains poorly understood due to the elusiveness of the magnetosensory structures. Here we present an effective method for isola...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eder SH,Cadiou H,Muhamad A,McNaughton PA,Kirschvink JL,Winklhofer M

更新日期：2012-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:This work describes the rational design, synthesis, and study of a ligand that selectively complexes CUG repeats in RNA (and CTG repeats in DNA) with high nanomolar affinity. This sequence is considered a causative agent of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) because of its ability to sequester muscleblind-like (MBNL) pro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arambula JF,Ramisetty SR,Baranger AM,Zimmerman SC

更新日期：2009-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Purified diphtheria toxin is shown to inhibit protein synthesis in Ehrlich-Lettré ascites carcinoma cells in vitro. Protein synthesis in Ehrlich-Lettré cells is at least 10,000 times more sensitive to toxin than protein synthesis in normal mouse spleen or thymus cells. This sensitivity correlates with the observation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iglewski BH,Rittenberg MB

更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulated intramembrane proteolysis by gamma-secretase cleaves proteins in their transmembrane domain and is involved in important signaling pathways. At least four different gamma-secretase complexes have been identified, but little is known about their biological role and specificity. Previous work has demonstrated ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dejaegere T,Serneels L,Schäfer MK,Van Biervliet J,Horré K,Depboylu C,Alvarez-Fischer D,Herreman A,Willem M,Haass C,Höglinger GU,D'Hooge R,De Strooper B

更新日期：2008-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrogenases catalyze the reversible reaction 2H(+) + 2e(-) ↔ H(2) with an equilibrium constant that is dependent on the reducing potential of electrons carried by their redox partner. To examine the possibility of increasing the photobiological production of hydrogen within cyanobacterial cultures, we expressed the [...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ducat DC,Sachdeva G,Silver PA

更新日期：2011-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Since their discovery as key regulators of early animal development, microRNAs now are recognized as widespread regulators of gene expression. Despite their abundance, little is known regarding the regulation of microRNA biogenesis. We show that three highly conserved muscle-specific microRNAs, miR-1, miR-133 and miR-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rao PK,Kumar RM,Farkhondeh M,Baskerville S,Lodish HF

更新日期：2006-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:In phylogenetic reconstruction, two types of bacterial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetases (TyrRS) form distinct clades with many bacterial phyla represented in both clades. Very few taxa possess both forms, and maximum likelihood analysis of the distribution of TyrRS types suggests horizontal gene transfer (HGT), rather than an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Andam CP,Williams D,Gogarten JP

更新日期：2010-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Serine is the only amino acid that is encoded by two disjoint codon sets so that a tandem substitution of two nucleotides is required to switch between the two sets. Previously published evidence suggests that, for the most evolutionarily conserved serines, the codon set switch occurs by simultaneous substitution of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rogozin IB,Belinky F,Pavlenko V,Shabalina SA,Kristensen DM,Koonin EV

更新日期：2016-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptor-mediated endocytosis proceeds by transfer of receptor-ligand complexes from clathrin-coated pits at the cell surface to uncoated endocytic vesicles termed receptosomes (or endosomes). These vesicles have now been purified more than 37-fold based on their content of newly internalized epidermal growth factor. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dickson RB,Beguinot L,Hanover JA,Richert ND,Willingham MC,Pastan I

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00