Abstract:
:To simulate growth conditions experienced by microbiota at O(inf2)-limited interfaces of organic matter in compost, an experimental system capable of maintaining dual limitations of oxygen and carbon for extended periods, i.e., a pO(inf2)-auxostat, has been used. (sup15)N tracer studies on thermophilic (53(deg)C) decomposition processes occurring in manure-straw aggregates showed the emission of dinitrogen gas from the reactor as a result of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification at low pO(inf2) values (0.1 to 2.0%, vol/vol). The N loss was confirmed by nitrogen budget studies of the system. Depending on the imposed pO(inf2), 0.6 to 1.4 mmol of N/day (i.e., 20 to 40% of input N) was emitted as N(inf2). When the pO(inf2) was raised, the rates of both nitrification and denitrification increased instantaneously, indicating that ammonia oxidation was limited by oxygen. In auxostats permanently running at pO(inf2) >= 2% (vol/vol), the free ammonium pool was almost completely oxidized and was converted to nitrite plus nitrate and N(inf2) gas. Labelling of the auxostat with [(sup13)C]carbonate was conducted to reveal whether nitrification was of autotrophic or heterotrophic origin. Incorporation of (sup13)CO(inf2) into population-specific cellular compounds was evaluated by profiling the saponifiable phospholipid fatty acids (FAs) by using capillary gas chromatography and subsequently analyzing the (sup13)C/(sup12)C ratios of the individual FAs, after their combustion to CO(inf2), by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Apart from the observed label incorporation into FAs originating from a microflora belonging to the genus Methylococcus (type X group), supporting nitrification of a methylotrophic nature, this analysis also corroborated the absence of truly autotrophic nitrifying populations. Nevertheless, the extent to which ammonia oxidation continued to exist in this thermophilic community suggested that a major energy gain could be associated with it.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Pel R,Oldenhuis R,Brand W,Vos A,Gottschal JC,Zwart KBdoi
10.1128/AEM.63.2.474-481.1997keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-02-01 00:00:00pages
474-81issue
2eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Of 70 pure microbial cultures isolated from aquatic habitats, soil, and air according to the ability to lyse live blue-green algae, 62 were fungi representing the genera Acremonium, Emericellopsis, and Verticillium. Algal-lysing fungi were isolated from all habitat types sampled. The remaining isolates comprised four ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.35.5.962-969.1978
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doi:10.1128/AEM.51.3.493-497.1986
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.61.3.868-871.1995
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.61.7.2665-2673.1995
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更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.64.7.2630-2633.1998
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.4.1577-1583.1997
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.1.171-176.1989
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.4.790-812.1986
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.37.2.348-350.1979
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.63.2.513-518.1997
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution and levels of Clostridium botulinum type E were determined from field sites used by Inuit hunters for butchering seals along the coast of Nunavik. The incidence rates of C. botulinum type E in shoreline soil along the coast were 0, 50, and 87.5% among samples tested for the Hudson Strait, Hudson Bay, ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.8.2931-2938.1994
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.43.5.1133-1138.1982
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium falciparum, in addition to scavenging essential fatty acids from its intra- and intercellular environments, possesses a functional complement of type II fatty acid synthase (FAS) enzymes targeted to the apicoplast organelle. Recent evidence suggests that products of the plasmodial FAS II system may be criti...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::The nor-1 gene in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus parasiticus encodes a ketoreductase involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis. To study environmental influences on nor-1 expression, we generated plasmid pAPGUSNNB containing a nor-1 promoter-beta-glucuronidase (GUS) (encoded by uidA) reporter fusion with niaD (encodes ni...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.1.306-315.2002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00